新疆金山沟巴塔玛依内山组火山岩及地球化学特征

早石炭世巴塔玛依内山组为一套陆相火山岩,下部以基性熔岩为主,上部以中酸性、酸性火山碎屑岩为主.岩石地球化学研究表明,区内火山岩呈高铝玄武岩-安山岩-英安岩-流纹岩钙碱性系列的演化趋势.从基性岩到酸性岩稀土模式相似,但铕负异常愈加明显.火山活动与金银矿成矿关系密切,玄武岩类、火山碎屑岩类Au、Ag、As含量较高,可能是成矿物源.     

西天山查岗诺尔铁矿区石炭纪火山岩地球化学特征及岩石成因

对伊犁地块东北缘查岗诺尔铁矿区石炭纪火山岩进行了系统的岩石学,锆石U-Pb年代学,岩石地球化学,Nd、Sr同位
素地球化学研究。该区火山岩包括玄武岩(少量)、粗面岩、安山岩、流纹岩以及火山碎屑岩,它们的化学组成绝大多数属于钾玄岩
系列和高钾钙碱性系列,少数玄武岩和安山岩属于钙碱性和低钾拉斑玄武岩系列。微量元素方面,它们相对富集轻稀土元素和大
离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th和U),相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta和Ti),具有活动大陆边缘型火山岩的亲和性。流纹岩LA-ICPMS
锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为(321.2±2.3)Ma,表明该套火山岩形成于早石炭世末期北天山大洋型岩石圈向伊犁地块之下俯冲的活
动大陆边缘带。所有样品εNd(t)>0,N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)初始值变化较大(0.7040~0.7163)。玄武岩岩浆源区为俯冲板片之上亏
损地幔楔,安山岩岩浆源区为莫霍面附近的岛弧型地壳根部,流纹岩岩浆源区则为岛弧型下部地壳。      

东秦岭中新生代火山岩地质地球化学研究

中生代以来,东秦岭地区进入了岩浆侵入和火山喷发的火成岩建造期,火山岩分布面积仅为侵入岩的中生代火山岩以中性和酸性为主,新生代则以基性为特征,岩石种类较齐全,有珍珠岩,玄武安山岩、晶屑凝灰岩、流纹质层状晶屑凝灰岩,粗面质富晶屑熔结凝灰岩、黑云粗安岩和碱性橄榄玄武岩等除珍珠岩和商城玄武安山岩外大部分火山岩为弱碱质,全碱含量大于5％,酸性火山岩Al_2O_3过饱和各类火山岩的稀土元素分布型式均为右倾的轻稀土富集壁,许多特征与岩浆演化和来源相关。     

新疆西昆仑温泉—独尖山一带中——下二叠统赛利亚克群火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境

新疆西昆仑温泉—独尖山一带发育中下二叠统赛利亚克群火山岩,岩石类型主要以火山熔岩、火山碎屑岩夹沉积碎屑岩为主,为一套典型岛弧火山岩建造。火山熔岩以安山岩、玄武岩、英安岩为主,岩石SiO2含量介于58.33%～64.73%,Na2O/K2O为0.93～116,样品碱度率AR从1.63～2.24,固结指数7.47～17.84,铝质指数（A/CNK）为0.73～0.98,岩石总体表现为偏铝质钠质钙碱性岩石系列特征;样品富集Th、U、Hf等元素,亏损Ba、K、Nb等,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,具弱负铕异常特点,显示出岛弧火山岩的特征。通过综合分析认为,赛利亚克群火山岩形成时代为早—中二叠世,其岩浆主要来源于地幔,但有地壳物质的明显加入,形成于大陆边缘的岛弧环境。     

内蒙古扎鲁特旗地区晚侏罗世火山岩岩石学及地球化学特征

为了探讨内蒙古扎鲁特旗地区晚侏罗世火山岩成因及其构造背景,在详细的野外地质调查基础上,从岩石学、岩石地球化学、稀土元素和微量元素特征方面对其进行了研究。结果表明,研究区晚侏罗世火山岩为中性—酸性的火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩组合。化学成分显示其以安山岩、粗面安山岩、粗面(英安)岩和流纹岩为主,属于高钾钙-碱性系列岩石,并富碱、高铝。稀土元素总量变化大,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,配分曲线右倾,具Eu负异常;富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba 、K、Th和LREE,亏损高场强元素Ta、Nb、Ti、P,基性相容组分Cr、Co、Ni质量分数和Mg#较低,显示出岩浆来源于下地壳,并混染了上地壳物质;w(SiO₂)与大多数常量元素(Na₂O、K2O、TiO₂、TFeO、MgO、CaO、Al₂O₃和P₂O₅)质量分数具有很好的相关性,反映同源岩浆的演化特征和岩浆结晶分异演化的趋势。综合研究表明,火山岩形成于张性构造环境,与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合造山之后因重力坍塌岩石圈伸展减薄作用有关。      

内蒙古东南部开鲁盆地龙湾筒九佛堂组火山岩地质特征

开鲁盆地为陆相火山岩盆地。勘探结果表明,在陆相火山岩盆地中获得了工业油流,为寻找石油油藏开辟了新途径。龙湾筒凹陷的火山岩以火山熔岩、火山碎屑沉积岩为主,根据岩石特征,可划分为三种岩相：溢流相、火山爆发相和火山沉积相。溢流相以熔岩为主,包括安山岩、粗面岩、粗安岩、玄武岩和玄武安山岩;火山爆发相岩石包括火山角砾岩和凝灰岩;火山沉积岩相岩石包括凝灰质砂岩、凝灰质泥岩。依据火山岩相划分,结合火山岩测井和地震反射特征,对龙湾筒凹陷火山岩纵向上的变化和平面上的展布进行了讨论,特别是对储集性能好的溢流相岩石进行了圈定。     

伊宁地块南构造带早石炭世高镁安山岩成因及其构造意义

伊宁地块南构造带出露大面积的晚泥盆世—早石炭世岩浆岩,其形成与南天山洋演化密切相关,在岩石成因与产出环境方面尚存争议。在伊宁地块南构造带科克苏林场一带新发现了赋存于下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩中的高镁安山岩,对其进行了详细的野外地质调查和室内分析工作,并探讨了该时期的大地构造背景。结果表明：区内大哈拉军山组岩石类型以安山岩类为主,含少量玄武岩及火山碎屑岩;安山岩样品具有高的MgO、TiO₂、Al₂O₃含量和低的P₂O₅含量、里特曼指数,表现出中—高钾钙碱性系列岩石特征,结合其高的Sr、Y含量和低的Ni、Co含量,低的Sr/Y、La/Yb值,呈现出赞岐质高镁安山岩的地球化学特征;样品的稀土元素总含量变化范围大,具有高的(La/Yb)_N、(La/Sm)_N和(Gd/Yb)_N值,显示出轻稀土元素显著富集特征;样品富集K、Ba、Th、U、Pb等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素和负的Eu异常。结合区域资...     

深层火山岩地球化学特征及沉积古环境——以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷兴城地区为例

以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷兴城地区深层火山岩为研究对象,考虑埋藏成岩、后期蚀变、风化淋滤作用等影响因素,分析10件样品的岩石学和地球化学特征,判别火山岩堆积、保存时的古地理环境.结果表明:研究区火山岩岩石类型丰富,从基性玄武岩到中性安山岩和粗面岩,再到酸性流纹岩、霏细岩,以及熔结火山碎屑岩和正常火山碎屑岩均有发育.稀土...     

青海香日德地区鄂拉山组火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境分析

香日德地区广泛出露的火山岩作为区域上鄂拉山组火山岩的重要组成部分,研究其形成时的大地构造背景,对于认识鄂拉山岩浆岩带构造属性具有重要意义。文章旨在通过研究香日德地区出露的鄂拉山组火山岩岩石地球化学特征和成岩地质背景,为鄂拉山构造岩浆岩带属性认知的研究提供依据。文章研究发现,香日德地区鄂拉山组火山岩为一套准铝质的高钾钙碱性陆相火山岩,岩石组合为玄武安山岩—安山岩—英安岩—流纹岩以及火山碎屑岩等。岩石里特曼指数σ在1.67～3.23之间,属钙碱性岩石。稀土元素具轻稀土元素分馏程度高且强烈富集的特征,稀土元素C1球粒陨石标准化配分曲线图呈右倾较缓的平滑曲线;以MORB为标准的微量元素分布形式与钙碱性火山弧系列"三隆起"的特征型式具有一定的相似性,显示弧火山岩的特点。在分析岩石地球化学特征及构造环境等的基础上,认为研究区鄂拉山组火山岩形成于活动陆缘火山弧环境。     

库米什地区火山岩岩石地球化学特征及大地构造环境

库米什地区火山岩属该区蛇绿岩套的组成部分,形成于晚泥盆世,以中性和酸性岩石为主,火山碎屑岩较发育,具有钙碱性火山岩套的特征。岩套内的沉积夹层具有远海沉积的性质。火山岩岩石化学特征属钙碱性系列;微量元素地球化学证明岩浆起源于消减板块之上的地幔楔形区;稀有元素地球化学特征与安山岩的特征相符。综合分析这些证据发现,该区火山岩形成于弧后盆地环境。     

沂沭裂谷及其邻区下白垩世火山熔岩地球化学特征

沂沭裂谷及邻区下白垩世火山熔岩以碱性系列的玄武粗安岩、粗安岩、粗面岩为主。而亚碱性系列以钙碱性为多。碱性系列以钾质亚系列为主，其中鲁东、鲁西基本上是钾质亚系列，而沂沭裂谷内有一定数量的钠质亚系列。稀土元素标准化曲线均呈向右陡倾斜，其斜率相似，为典型的富轻稀土，而亏损重稀土的型式。多数δＥｕ在０．７８－１．２８之间。     

Geochemistry and tectonic significance of volcanic rocks from Qushenla Formation in Gerze area of northern Tibetan Plateau

By using petrological,isotope chronological,and geochemical methods,the authors studied the volcanic rocks in the studied area,mainly including dacites and trachytes. The results show that they formed during the late Early Cretaceous. Geochemically,the volcanic rocks are relatively enriched in large-ion lithophile elements( Rb,K,and Th) and depleted in high field strength elements( Nb,Ta,and Ti),and rich in light rare earth elements,and depleted in heavy rare earth elements. The fact indicates that the main body of the volcanic rocks in the Qushenla Formation was derived from the partial melting of lower crust. The lithological assemblages are characterized by continental high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonitic series,suggesting that the southward-subducting oceanic slab in southern Bangong Lake had break off and that the Bangong Lake-Nujiang Ocean had closed before 107 Ma. The main dynamic mechanisms for the genesis of this set of intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks were upwelling of the asthenosphere and partial melting of the lower crust caused by slab break-off.     

Facies-controlled volcanic reservoirs of northern Songliao Basin, NE China

Volcanic rocks of the late Mesozoic are very important reservoirs for the commercial natural gases including hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide and rare gases in the northern Songliao Basin. The reservoir volcanic rocks include rhyolite, andesite, trachyte, basalt and tuff. Facies of the volcanic rocks can be classified into 5 categories and 15 special types. Porosity and permeability of the volcanic reservoirs are facies-controlled. Commercial reservoirs were commonly found among the following volcanic subfacies: volcanic neck (I1) , underground-explosive breccia (I3), pyroclastic-bearing lava flow (II3), upper effusive (III3) and inner extrusive ones (IV1). The best volcanic reservoirs are generally evolved in the interbedded explosive and effusive volcanics. Rhyolites show in general better reservoir features than other types of rocks do.     

Facies-controlled volcanic reservoirs of northern Songliao Basin, NE China

Volcanic rocks of the late Mesozoic are very important reservoirs for the commercial natural gases including hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide and rare gases in the northern Songliao Basin. The reservoir volcanic rocks include rhyolite,andesite, trachyte, basalt and tuff. Facies of the volcanic rocks can be classified into 5 categories and 15 special types.Porosity and permeability of the volcanic reservoirs are facies-controlled. Commercial reservoirs were commonly found among the following volcanic subfacies: volcanic neck (Ⅰ1), underground-explosive breccia (Ⅰ3), pyroclastic-bearing lava flow (Ⅱ3), upper effusive (Ⅲ3) and inner extrusive ones (Ⅳ1). The best volcanic reservoirs are generally evolved in the interbedded explosive and effusive volcanics. Rhyolites show in general better reservoir features than other types of rocks do.     

The Cenozoic Volcanoes in Northeast China

There are more than 600 Cenozoic volcanic cones and craters with abeut 50 000 km2of lava flows in northeast China, which formed many volcanic clusters and shown the features of the continental rift - type volcanoes. Most volcanic activities in this area, especially in the east part of Songliao graben, were usually controlled by rifts and faults with the main direction of NE / NNE in parallel and become younger from the central graben towards its both sides, especially to the east continental margin. It is revealed that the volcanism occurred in northeast China was as strong as that occurred in Japan during the Miocene and the Quaternary. The Quaternary basalt that is usually distributed along river valley is called "valley basalt"while Neogene basalt usually distributed in the top of mounts is called "high position basalt". These volcanoes and volcanic rocks are usually composed of alkaline basalts with ultramafic inclusions, except Changbaishan volcano that is built by trachyte and pantellerite.     

The Cenozoic Volcanoes in Northeast China

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冀中黄骅坳陷古近纪火山岩地球化学特征及大地构造意义

冀中、黄骅坳陷的火山岩主要发育于古近纪的断陷期,分为Ek Es4,Es2 Es3,Es1 Ed三期.火山岩的岩石系列主要为碱性玄武岩系列,古近纪晚期逐渐向拉斑玄武岩过渡;稀土元素特征同大陆裂谷碱性玄武岩的配分模式一致,为轻稀土富集型.通过岩石地球化学特征分析和大地构造讨论,阐释了研究区古近纪火山活动的构造背景和成因机制.     

浙江早白垩世晚期火山活动与火山—沉积岩系地层划分

系统研究浙江下白垩统“永康群”、“横山组”火山—沉积岩系地层层序，岩石组合，古生物，火山岩同位素年龄和岩石化学、地球化学资料表明：浙江永康群中火山岩成岩时间在距今115～100Ma之间，属早白垩世晚期。火山岩具双峰式特征。大致以江山—上虞和景宁—宁海一线为界，分成衢州—诸暨、永康—宁波、文成—临海3个火山活动带，自西向东火山活动渐次增强，火山活动起始时间稍有后移。根据火山—沉积岩系岩石组合，古生物群特征，火山岩同位素年龄及古地磁资料，提出横山组、中截组、永康群和文成群是早白垩世晚期同一构造发展阶段的产物。