同位素温标的显著性水平

在中国大气降水年均同位素δ值与年均地面气温之间，在α为0.01的显著性水平存在直线关系，氢同位素温标为3.1‰℃，氧同位素温标为0.36‰℃。但是，在月均δ值与月均地面气温之间的关系比较复杂：①在中国北方，氧同位素温标由西向东为0.65-0.10‰℃。相关指数自西向东为0.73-0.14，显著性水平均达到α为0.01；②在中国南方，显著性水平虽达α为0.01，但是温标皆小于零，相关指数小于0.5；③南京、武汉、长沙、拉萨、西安和太原等台站，月均同位素δ值与月均地面气温之间无相关性。     

高放废物深地质处置库预选场址的古温度环境

填隙矿物的流体包裹体研究与矿物的同位素地球化学研究可较好地揭示高放废物深地质处置库预选场址的深部热环境及古地下水热历史。中国高放废物深地质处置库第一个预选场深部花岗岩内填隙矿物的同位素、矿物学以及流体包裹体研究结果显示,甘肃北山地区花岗岩深部至少存在两种环境：浅部花岗岩(0～150m)填隙方解石的δ^18O=-18．2‰～-15．8‰(PDB),δ^13C=-9．5‰～-8．4‰(PDB),包裹体的均一温度(th)为140～160℃,包裹体的冰点温度为-2．5～-1．5℃,地下水可能以大气降水成因为主,且可能混合了盆地卤水并与花岗岩反应,形成温度、盐度(2％～5％,NaCleq)均较低的地下水;在350～550m区段内(深部花岗岩),其δ^18O值为-32．6‰～-17．6‰(PDB),δ^13C值为-10．5‰～-6．2‰(PDB),流体包裹体的均一温度较其上部的稍高,为160～190℃,而其冰点温度则较低,为-4～-3．2℃(盐度5％～8％,NaCleq),地下水类型为大气降水与盆地古卤水的混合,以大气降水为主。石英的氧同位素组成和计算的古地下水氧同位素组成则进一步表明,花岗岩深部(350～550m)也存在两种温度环境：较低温度(140～160℃)、较高盐度(5．5％～8％,NaCleq)的地下水;较高温度(220～240℃)、较低盐度(3％～5．5％,NaCleq)的地下水,其地下水类型为大气降水和与花岗岩平衡的卤水。     

滇西云龙锡矿流体包裹体及稳定同位素研究

对云龙锡矿流体包裹体及氢、氧同位素的研究表明 ,该矿床至少存在两个矿化阶段 :早期的高温 (≥40 0℃ )及晚期的中—高温 (30 0～ 40 0℃ )矿化阶段。早期的矿化流体的δ1 8OH2 O(7.7‰～ 9.0‰ )和δDH2 O(- 5 8‰～ - 43‰ )值相对较高 ,主要是由岩浆水或 和变质水组成 ;晚期由于有大量演化了的大气降水的加入 ,使流体的δ1 8OH2 O值 ,特别是δDH2 O 值降低。在此期间 ,大气降水与岩浆水或 和变质水不同比例的混合 ,使流体的盐度产生不同程度的波动 ,并在石英中形成了不同类型的流体包裹体。     

安徽贵池地区二叠纪孤峰组含锰岩系稳定同位素特征

安徽贵池地区沉积锰矿床赋存于二叠纪孤峰组。该矿床包括沉积作用形成的碳酸锰矿和经后期氧化作用形成的氧化锰矿。稳定同位素分析表明，含锰岩系的O、C稳定同位素具有较大的变化范围，δ^13C为-4．1‰-5．0‰，δ^18O为-3．40‰-21．40‰。古温度普遍偏高，一般在50-65℃之间，说明其时沉积水体较深，古盐度分析结果（Z=124-133）显示均为正常海相沉积，氧化环境下氧同位素分馏作用表明形成氧化锰矿需要大量的大气降水。     

桂林地区大气降水的D和18Ｏ同位素的研究

研究了桂林地区近16年( 1983- 1998年)大气降水的氢、氧同位素组成,提出了大气降水线方程为δD= 8. 42,δ18O+ 16. 28,并与全国及全球降水线进行比较,揭示了该降水线方程的特征。研究表明,桂林地区全年降水来源较为单一,主要为海洋性气团,夏季大气降水同位素组成主要受夏季风或夏季台风的影响,降水δ值与平均降水、气温均呈负相关关系; 降水中δD与δ18O 的降水量效应明显,且该影响远远掩盖了温度效应。      

高峰100号矿体的氢、氧同位素特征

为了查明 10 0号矿体成矿溶液的性质 ,我们测定了样品中锡石和石英的氢、氧同位素组成 :δD石英 =- 11.8‰～ - 73.1‰ ,δ1 8O石英 =13.6‰～ 16 .2‰ ;δD锡石 =- 5 5 .8‰～ - 132 .3‰ ,δ1 8O锡石 =4.9‰～ 6 .6‰。综合分析相关的数据表明 ,10 0号矿体的成矿溶液是以岩浆水为主 ,加入了大气降水等其它混合水。     

修正BW方法在中国大气降水δ18O空间分布研究中的应用

为研究中国大气降水δ18O的空间分布,利用81个大气降水和冰芯站点δ18O资料和BW回归模型,拟合出大气降水δ18O与纬度和海拔的定量关系:δ18O=-0.024LAT2+1.541LAT-0.002 ALT-29.678.同时,为了优化BW回归模型的拟合结果,对BW回归模型的残差做了内插并比较了不同插值方法的精度.结果表明:以降水量为辅助变量的协同克里格法对残差的预测效果最好,与广泛采用的反距离加权法相比,该方法预测的BW残差与实际残差间的RMSE减小了0.14‰,ME也更接近于0.最后,利用最优的插值方法生成了BW回归模型的残差分布图,并将其与BW的模拟结果叠加得到了中国降水δ18O的空间分布图.其结果总体上反映了中国大气降水中δ18O的分布状况,为降水δ18O的现代过程研究以及古气候和古水文的研究提供了资料参考.     

低~(18)O岩浆岩(火山岩)区的找矿

大气降水具有低~(18)O的特点,其低的程度随地理位置的变化而变化.一般而言,纬度和地形越高,大气降水的δ~(18)O值越低,或者说,随着年平均气温降低,年平均大气降水的δ~(18)O值也降低.就现代而言,我国南岭地区的大气降水,年平均δ~(18)O值约为-7‰;秦岭-大别山地区降为-9‰左右;至     

洞穴水系氢氧同位素监测对重建古气候样品选择的指示意义

在贵州省中西部地区采集了地表水、织金洞和石将军洞不同年份和季节的洞穴水样进行氢氧同位素分析。结果显示该地区地表水的δDV- SMOW 和δ18OV- SMOW平均值分别为- 56. 15± 2. 46‰和- 7. 96± 0. 33‰ ,而织金洞1月、4月、9月的水样δDV- SMOW和δ18OV- SMOW平均值分别是- 53. 25‰和- 7. 96‰ , - 59.25‰和- 8. 24‰ , - 56. 89‰和- 8. 21‰ ,无论是旱季还是雨季织金洞大部分洞穴滴水的δD和δ18O值都比较接近地表降水的同位素年平均值,这说明大气降水在不同季节进入洞穴时已经受到充分混合,它们代表的是年均大气降水同位素加权平均值;而另一些滴水点(如寿星宫) ,由于其地表汇水面积小,洞厅顶部的包气带很薄,降雨能很快渗入而使其滴水能敏感地反映出季节性降雨的同位素组成。由此认为,在重建古气候时对石笋的选用切忌盲目,选择前必须进行仔细的洞穴水系稳定同位素组成调查。      

高放射性废物深地质处置库预选场址深部花岗岩的同位素地球化学

评价高放射性废物深地质处置库安全性能的一个重要方面是研究处置库的远场地球化学环境 ;矿物和岩石同位素地球化学研究可以较客观地重现矿物、岩石形成时的古环境及其演化历史。对中国第一个高放射性废物处置库预选场深部花岗岩不同深度裂隙充填矿物 (方解石、石英 )的 C、O同位素 ,Rb- Sr同位素及铀系核素的研究表明预选场深部花岗岩可分为四种不同的地球化学环境 :1浅部 (0～ 15 0 m ) ,其填隙矿物的δ1 8O(SMOW) =12 .1‰～ 13.0‰ ,δ1 3C(PDB) =- 9.5‰～ - 10 .1‰ ,δ87Sr=- 3.2 4‰～ - 1.0 9‰ ,填隙矿物形成于低温流体环境 ,为大气降水补给。 2中—上部 (15 0～ 35 0 m) ,δ1 8O(SMOW) =13.3‰～ 18.0‰ ,δ87Sr≈ 0 ,δ1 3C(PDB) =- 11.2‰～- 10 .5‰ ,填隙矿物形成时其流体来源较复杂 ,为大气降水和盆地卤水的混合流体 ,且处于弱还原环境 ;铀系核素活度数据也显示此区段地下水环境相对稳定 ,未受到现代大气降水或地下水的影响。 3中—下部花岗岩 (35 0～5 5 0 m) ,填隙矿物形成时的环境由两种不同性质的地下水控制 ,但深部地球化学环境相对稳定。 4深部 (>5 5 0 m) ,岩性相对稳定 ,地下水—花岗岩的反应处于稳定的长期平衡状态。这种地球化学环境对于高放射性废物的永久处置是有利的。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an