一种新的成矿流体示踪法——流体包裹体N2—Ar—He示踪体系

本文介绍一种新的成矿流体示踪法,Ｎ２－Ａｒ－Ｈｅ示踪体系,概述了其主要原理和分析方法,并以粤中长坑Ａｕ－Ａｇ矿和粤东嵩溪Ａｓ－Ｓｂ矿为例,进行了成矿流体Ｎ２－Ａｒ－Ｈｅ示踪体系研究,结果显示其成矿流体主要来自建造水或沉积热卤水,为矿床成因研究提供了新的证据。     

湘西金-锑-钨矿深部矿化初步预测

湘西金－锑－钨矿产于晚元古代紫红色板岩－－马驿组。该组以富含Ｆｅ２Ｏ３,局部富含ＣａＯ为特技,可能作为地球化学障控制着本区矿床及矿化的分布。湘西金矿中主要控矿要素为：构造、地层及主要成矿元素络合物的地球化学性质。金以Ａｕ（ＨＳ）２＾－形式搬运,共沉淀主要由紫红色板岩的氧化作用而形成的黄铁矿化引起。钨以ＷＯ４和ＨＷＯ４形式存在,温度的降低及局部富围岩的存在控制着其沉淀。锑不仅以Ｓｂ（ＯＨ）３＾０,而     

平江万古金矿床地球化学研究

平江万古金矿床，成矿物质来源于容矿地层中元古界冷家溪群坪原组，矿床继承了容矿地层富Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｗ等微量元素的特点，成矿流体为与区域浅变质作用有关的ＨＣＯ＿３－－Ｃｌ－－Ｎａ￣＋－Ｃａ￣（２＋）型建造水热液，成矿过程中Ａｕ主要以ＡｕＡｓＳ＿２、ＡｕＡｓＳ＿３￣（２－）络合物形式迁移，矿床形成于中一低温，弱碱性、还原环境。     

钨锑金型金矿床构造成矿浅析

综合研究表明，Ｗ－Ｓｂ－Ａｕ型金矿床的赋矿层位形成于地壳强烈活动期（地槽期、地洼期）。富含钙泥质，凝灰质的砂板岩系是该类金矿床的有利控矿围岩。层间断层在其成矿过程中有特别重要的作用，断层作用过程中发生的构造地球化学反应导致金的聚集成矿，伴随地壳演化而发生的构造成矿演化促使金等矿化元素富集成矿。     

湘西南金矿床成矿流体地球化学研究

流体包裹体地球化学和氢、氧同位素研究表明,湘西南金矿床的成矿流体显示出低温、低盐度、中等密度、低氧逸度、呈中性－弱碱性的特征,成矿流体中的金主要以Ａｕ（ＨＳ）２＾－、ＡｕＨ３ＳｉＯ４＾０等络合物形式迁移,金矿床形成于低温、低压环境条件下,成矿溶液主要来自大气降水。流体包裹体同位素测年与示踪研究表明,该区金矿床并非形成于传统认识中的武陵－雪峰期,而是加里东期成矿,金矿床的成矿物质主要来自赋矿地层而非     

云南省巍山—永平矿集区成矿流体地质填图试验的重要进展

云南巍山—永平矿集区位于三江中段兰坪盆地南部 ,东跨扬子地台 ,西连冈瓦纳大陆的保山地块 ,北部是世界著名的兰坪金顶铅锌矿集区 ,本区不但是一个重要的成矿区 ,也是一个重要的构造窗口。通过两年的工作 ,已取得一些重要成果和进展。( 1)初步识别出工作区存在两套成矿流体系统 ,其特点和成矿类型有明显的不同。第一套为莲花山—紫金山Ａｕ Ｓｂ Ａｓ Ｈｇ成矿流体系统 ,受莲花山岩体、紫金山背斜及其相关断裂系统的控制 ,为低温—中低温。莲花山Ａｕ矿、扎村Ａｕ矿、石岩村Ｓｂ矿、笔架山Ｓｂ矿等均属此成矿流体系统。第二套为新民—厂街…     

广西五圩矿田多金属矿床的成矿物征及物质来源

五圩矿田各多金属矿床均为中－低温热液充填型脉状矿床。研究结果表明，成矿流体是一种低盐度富含ＣＯ２的中－低温热液，其物质来源并非单一。其中，热液主要来自动热变质水，有部分岩浆热液掺合；主要成矿元素（Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｂ，Ａｓ等）由赋矿地层提供；硫具混源特征。成矿时存在一个统一热力场，而且成矿作用以“脉动式”充填方式为主，因而，矿田内围绕矿化中心（热源），出现明显的矿床水平分带现象和多阶段矿化特点。     

贵州雷公山地区锑矿成矿规律

讨论了贵州雷公山地区的成矿背景,矿床地质特征,成矿机理和成矿规律,特别详 了不同级次构造对锑矿带,矿田,矿床,矿体的控制作用。指出在江南造山带古隆起区,高密度幔源液体分异的热液活动,可能形成石英脉型Ｓｂ－Ａｕ矿或Ｓｂ－多金属矿,即与过渡性韧性剪切带有关的蚀变糜棱岩型Ａｕ矿或Ａｎ－多金属矿成矿系列。     

湘西浅变质岩系中钨锑金矿床成矿系列

湖南西部钨锑金矿床主要集中分布于雪峰弧形构造带内,赋存于元古宇浅变质岩系中,严格受断裂构造控制。矿种组合为一组具有成因联系的Ｗ－Ｓｂ－Ａｕ,Ｓｂ－Ａｕ,Ｗ－Ａｕ和Ａｕ、Ｓｂ等矿床成矿系列。各矿床具有相似的区域构造－地球化学环境、形成规律及成因机制。在元古宇浅变质岩系中控矿构造系统发育的区（带）是金矿有利的远景区（带）。     

广西五圩矿田多金属矿床的成矿特征及物质来源

五圩矿田各多金属矿床均为中—低温热液充填型脉状矿床。研究结果表明，成矿流体是一种低盐度富含ＣＯ＿２的中－低温热液，其物质来源并非单一。其中，热液主要来自动热变质水，有部分岩浆热液掺合；主要成矿元素（Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｂ，Ａｓ等）由赋矿地层提供；硫具混源特征。成矿时存在一个统一热力场，而且成矿作用以“脉动式”充填方式为主，因而，矿田内围绕矿化中心（热源），出现明显的矿床水平分带现象和多阶段矿化特点。     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.