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具有无污染、可再生、分布广、能量大以及可就近利用等诸多优势的浅层地温能是一种建筑节能的洁净能源,具有广泛的应用前景。根据关中盆地主要城市工程地质、水文地质、环境地质条件等因素,分别建立了每个城市地下水热泵和地埋管热泵系统的适宜分区评价体系,并进行了适宜性综合分区。基于适宜性分区评价结果,对主要城市进行了浅层地热能资源量评价,包括热容量计算、换热功率计算和热能潜力计算,旨在有效地丰富浅层地温能勘察评价与开发利用的理论、奠定浅层地温能广泛开发利用的基础,为改善我国现有能源结构、构建环境友好型社会和节能减排的目标服务。 相似文献
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地温空调是一种新型节能空调设备,在消耗少量地下水资源的情况下,通过先进的设备,将地下不易利用的低品位能量开发利用,使其变为可利用的高品位能量,以满足室内冬季取暖、夏季降温的需要.本文通过水质化验对比,提出地温空调回灌水对地下水影响的一点看法. 相似文献
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Enhanced demand for coal and minerals in the country has forced mine operators for mass production through large opencast mines. Heavy blasting and a large amount of explosive use have led to increased environmental problems, which may have potential harm and causes a disturbance. Ground vibrations generated due to blasting operations in mines and quarries are a very important environmental aspect. It is clear that a small amount of total explosive energy is being utilized in blasting for breakage of rock mass, while the rest is being wasted. The amount of energy which is wasted causes various environmental issues such as ground vibrations, air overpressure, and fly rock. Ground vibrations caused by blasting cannot be eliminated entirely, yet they can be minimized as far as possible through a suitable blasting methodology. A considerable amount of work has been done to identify ground vibrations and assess the blast performance regarding the intensity of ground vibrations, i.e., peak particle velocity and frequency spectrum. However, not much research has done into reducing the seismic energy wasted during blasting leading to ground vibrations. In this paper, the blast-induced ground vibrations in three orthogonal directions, i.e., transverse, vertical, and longitudinal, were recorded at different distances using seismographs. An attempt has been made for the estimation of the percentage of explosive energy dissipated in the form of seismic energy with electronic and non-electric (NONEL) initiation system. signal processing techniques with the help of DADiSP software is used to study the same. 相似文献
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浅层地热能作为新型能源受到了国际国内的广泛关注,常规的电阻式温度传感器受电磁干扰,不适合长期在野外复杂环境中使用.本文应用抗干扰能力强的分布式光纤测温技术,对南京市19个百米深钻孔进行地温测量,获得了2018年冬季与2019年春季南京市浅层地下温度分布.综合南京市水文和地质条件,得出结论:浅层地温的变化相对于气温的变化... 相似文献
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根据当前我国大力倡导节能减排、各地积极开发利用浅层地热能资源的背景形势,结合对各地编制的地源热泵系统技术规程的系统分析,从确保热泵系统长期安全、可靠、低能耗运行,实现对浅层地热能可持续开发利用的角度出发,探讨了地源热泵系统技术规程中易受忽视的如干关键问题。 相似文献
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由于轨传感器位置影响, 传感器接收的能量不完全来自地物的反射, 地面与传感器间大气辐射能量的作用同样不可忽略.通过中分辨率大气辐射传输模型(moderate resolution atmosphere transmittance and radiance code, MODTRAN)将辐射传输过程与传感器光谱响应函数进行耦合运算, 基于二长花岗岩、正长岩、石英正长岩及石英闪长岩的地面实测光谱数据及测量时大气和几何条件, 完成了4种岩性先进星载热发射和反射辐射仪(advanced spaceborne theemal emission and reflection radiometer, ASTER)通道星上光谱的模拟, 建立了实测光谱数据与星上光谱数据间的联系, 证明将地面与传感器间大气辐射影响耦合到传感器接收地面反射能量过程中的必要性, 从而为多光谱影像的形成和应用提供了支持. 相似文献
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地埋管热泵是开发利用浅层地温能的一种方式,土壤温度场在地源热泵运行前后的分布情况,是地埋管热泵计中考虑的重要因素。文章在南京典型地埋管热泵工程布设监测孔,分别在能源桩和距离能源桩1.2 m、2.1 m、3 m处不同层位埋设监测设备,分析地温场的时空演变规律,得到热量的传递情况和温度的变化规律,并采用多元回归分析方法拟合地温场的变化方程,得到了能源桩地温随时间和深度的变化方程以及地温随时间和距离的变化方程。结果显示,随着距能源桩水平距离的增加,温度变化减小;随着深度的增加,土壤温度的影响范围减小,热量传递速率逐渐降低。 相似文献
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微机化地面γ能谱仪及其初步应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文针对目前地面γ能谱仪功能差,不能及时给出数据和有关图件,调节困难、操作复杂、用附加放射性参考源稳谱等缺点,提出了采用PC-1500袖珍计算机系统的微机化地面γ能谱仪。实现了野外地面γ能谱测量的数据采集和记录、数据打印与绘图、数据存储与传送的一体化。试验表明,该机操作方便,掌握容易,工作效率高,资料获取快,能够快速提供有关地质情况,适用于野外地面γ能谱测量。 相似文献
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为缓解中国能源消耗与经济发展的矛盾,高效调整国家能源结构,开发利用绿色的地热能已是大势所趋。通过室内测试法和现场热响应试验,研究了不同岩土体的导热系数特征值及其影响因素。研究结果表明: 岩土体导热系数与天然含水率和孔隙率呈负相关,与天然重度和干燥重度呈正相关; 导热系数受干燥重度和孔隙率影响程度较大,受天然含水率和天然重度影响程度较小。通过比较不同加热功率和单、双U地埋管换热器的现场热响应试验测定的各类岩土体导热系数的差异可知,大功率(6 000 W)情况下岩土体综合导热系数比小功率(4 000 W)时大10%~30%; 在相同功率条件下,同一场地内双U地埋管换热器导热系数比单U地埋管大30%左右,使用双U地埋管换热器可有效减少成孔深度及个数。通过系统分析岩土体导热系数的影响因素,为地热能的勘查评价提供数据和理论支持,旨在促进区域地热能开发利用,为构建环境友好型社会服务。 相似文献
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为了掌握高能级强夯作用下土体的变形特性,在LS-DYNA的框架内,采用非线性大变形显示有限元算法和“帽子”本构模型,计算了强夯作用下地基土体的变形。首先,根据现场施工的实际情况建立了有限元基本模型,并与实际的监测数据进行比较,其计算结果与测试结果基本一致,该模型能较好地反映出土体的隆起和侧向位移特点。其次,以该基本模型和夯坑的变形为考察对象进行参数分析,研究了不同能级、同能级不同动量以及夯锤与地基土间的水平摩擦力对土体变形的影响。结果表明,高能级强夯作用下夯锤与地基土间的水平力是不可忽略;夯锤与地基土之间的摩擦力,对夯坑侧向的土体位移和地表的隆起有明显的影响 相似文献
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早在60年代末,上海利用地下含水层冬季贮存冷水,夏季抽用;夏季贮存热水,冬季抽用。不仅增加地下水的补给量,提高地下水位,控制地面沉降,而且为工业、民用提供了巨大的廉价的冷源和热源。本文介绍了上海地下含水层储能试验,在全市建立十四个储能试验场,布设储冷井25口,储热井9口,观测井58口。试验与工厂生产结合。经过多周期的灌采试验,建立了一整套的灌采条件下地下水动力模型、温度场模型、水质浓度弥散模型。 相似文献
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The use of concrete geostructures for energy extraction and storage in the ground is an environmentally friendly and easy way of cooling and heating buildings. With such energy geostructures, it is possible to transfer energy from the ground to buildings by means of fluid-filled pipes cast in concrete. By injecting thermal energy in summer and extracting it in winter, the ground in the area of a building’s piles can be used for seasonal energy storage, as long as the underground water flow in the storage remains low. This paper is a contribution to the improvement of the knowledge in the field of energy geostructures. The behaviour of a multi-pile seasonal storage system subjected to thermo-mechanical loading is examined numerically from both thermal and mechanical perspectives. The purpose of this paper is (i) to propose a thermo-hydro-mechanical 2D solution to the 3D problem, (ii) to explore the thermal behaviour of this type of storage and (iii) to evaluate its structural consequences. Coupled multi-physical finite element modelling is conducted. The efficiency of the storage is not dramatically affected by an increase in the annual mean temperature of the storage. It is shown that induced mechanical loads are less important when considering a wholly heated pile structure than when considering a single heated pile in a foundation. The evolution of stresses in the piles and in the soil during heating–cooling cycles also reveals possible critical phenomena. 相似文献
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Drilling and Blasting are still considered to be the most economical method for rock excavation either on surface or underground. The explosive energy, which breaks the rockmass, is not fully utilized for this purpose. Only 20–30% of explosive energy is utilized for fragmenting the rockmass and the rest wasted away in the form of ground vibration, air blast, noise, fly rock, back breaks, etc. Among them, ground vibration is considered to have the most damaging effect. A number of predictor equations have been proposed by various researchers to predict ground vibration prior to blasting. Still, it is difficult to recommend any one predictor for a particular ground condition because ground vibration is influenced by a number of parameters. These parameters are either controllable or non-controllable like blast geometry, explosive types, rock strength properties, joints patterns, etc. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to predict the ground vibration using an Artificial Neural Network incorporating large number of parameters, which affect the ground vibration. Results are also compared with the values obtained from regression analysis and observed field data sets. Finally, it is found that the neural network approach is more accurate and able to predict the value of blast vibration without increasing error with increasing number of inputs and non-linearity among these. 相似文献
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塌隐地裂缝,改变了地层的几何结构,破坏了三维地震反射层的连续性,出现了反射波同相轴错断、反射层产状变化、反射波能量转换、反射波增多或减少等特征。据此利用石塘湾因果岸三维地震资料对其地裂缝地质灾害形成进行了研究。通过对实际资料的分析,指出本区地裂缝类型为张跌型,并以较多的资料翔实地说明了诱发本区地裂地质灾害不可分割的五个因素,从而为治理地裂缝地质灾害提供了丰富的地质资料和治理方向。 相似文献
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冻结滞水形成机制的探讨 总被引:11,自引:4,他引:11
资料表明,冻结滞水形成机制是在冬季的冻结作用下,包气滞冻土层内产生氢键吸附能,饱和水汽压差和气管薄膜等机制构成冻结势。它具用奶强的吸附能凝聚水分,全副钨气带水和潜水液态,汽态向冻结层迁移富集;形成季节性固态地下水。在冻结期间包气带水盐具有明显倒置分带性:冻结滞水带;过渡水分带;支持毛管水汽化输水带。 相似文献
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黑河下游绿洲地表辐射平衡及小气候特征分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用额济纳绿洲2004年5~10月微气象站观测资料,分析了该地区地表能量平衡及小气候特征.结果表明:在绿洲内太阳总辐射、光合有效辐射、净辐射有明显的季节变化及日变化,日峰值及月总量在7月份达到最高.地表能量平衡季节变化显著,5、8、9、10月份,地面能量交换基本以感热通量为主,Bowen比值在日间>4;6、7月份,潜热蒸发是能量平衡的主要部分,Bowen比基本<1.5~10月土壤热通量值始终较小,约占净辐射的15%~20%.绿洲内近地层风速基本在0~5 m·s-1之间,夜间风速变化很小,日间风速较大.随着土壤深度的增加,土壤温度变化趋势越来越缓慢,地表温度波动变化最大,而在40 cm深处土壤温度日变化很小. 相似文献
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鉴于地下岩土的复杂性和多样性,在确定地下岩土热物性参数时宜尽量采用现场测试的方法.现场原位热传导试验是实施地源热泵工程的关键环节,是合理开发浅层地热能的基础.本文介绍了现场原位热传导试验的原理和方法,并以潍坊城区的实际工程为例,获得了当地土壤原始温度、导热系数及地下换热量参考值,可为设计人员结合建筑结构、空调负荷特点等优化她源热泵工程提供基础数据. 相似文献