制图专家系统研究

本文选择C语言作为建立制图专家系统的主力语言,提出了制图知识智能塔分层、知识模块化方法,并且设计了一个制图专家系统的总体结构框图,介绍了各功能模块的设计原理。本文提出的系统能从文字、图形、表格的方式显示最后的结果。     

DESIGN OF CARTOGRAPHIC LETTERING FOR COMPUTER MAPPING

Guidelines for the design of lettering in computer mapping are outlined, which include, but are not restricted to: retention of basic elements of existing lettering styles, provision of high perceptibility and simplicity of design, retention of high readability and informational properties, consistency in the assignment of particular styles to particular classes of features, and observance of letter-spacing rules established in cartographic practice. A “machine-oriented formalized cartographic language,” suitable for both machine and visual reading, analysis, and construction of map elements is proposed as the basis for the development of a system of lettering in automated cartography. Translated from: Izvestiya vuzov. Geodeziya i aerofotos'-yemka, 1986, No. 1, pp. 92-97.     

CARTOGRAPHIC AND REMOTE SENSING METHODS FOR STUDYING BOUNDARIES

A refiew of the literature on the nature of boundaries (political, social, and physical) and difficulties in their definition precedes a proposal for the use of remotely sensed and cartometric measurements for the more objective solution of boundary problems. A cartographic-morphometric method for the analysis of boundaries is outlined. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1988, No. 4, pp. 112-118.     

CARTOGRAPHIC RESEARCH ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

The authors describe how cartographic research methods can be integrated with geographic information systems and automated mapping systems for the purpose of monitoring and analyzing negative impacts of agricultural and food processing activities on the environment. The paper also outlines basic research trends in ecological-geographical mapping and the content and types of cartographic products derived from mapping environmental impacts of the agroindustrial complex. A final section focuses on principles for the mapping of specific aspects and/or consequences of agroindustrial activity, e.g., soil erosion, agricultural chemical concentrations, water conservation issues. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1991, No. 3, pp. 5–11.     

制图综合专家系统工具研究

本文介绍了作者研究的制图综合专家系统的设计思想与系统构成,系统外壳的实现等。     

CRITICAL SUPPORT FOR BOWDITCH

Abstract

It is doubtless true that the cadastral surveys of the British Empire are controlled more frequently by traversing than otherwise. Accordingly, although the traverse has been the subject of several papers in recent issues of this Quarterly, its widespread use appears to entitle it to every consideration, especially since there are elements in the completed procedure on which opinions are still fluid; indeed a few of them may long continue to arouse debate.     

CARTOGRAPHIC MONITORING

The author outlines a structured approach to the use of maps in monitoring environmental change and natural hazards. Four levels of mapping are identified, corresponding to the activities of initial information gathering, preliminary forecasting, operational forecasting and control, and impact assessment. Cartographic monitoring of forest fires provides an example of the procedure. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1982, No. 6, pp. 79-84.     

A CRITERION FOR EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF CARTOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS USED FOR WORLD MAPS

The author develops a criterion for assessment of the quality of projections used for world maps which incorporates measures of mean square distortions of line lengths in principal directions about a point and the relationship of angular and areal distortion (in equal measure, or depending upon the requirements of particular types of maps). Translated from: Izvestiya vysshykh uchebnykh zavedeniy, Geodeziya i aerofotos”yemka, 1987, No. 3, pp. 109-112.     

空间决策支持系统在商业智能中的应用研究

介绍了空间决策支持系统和商业智能的基本概念。分析了对商业决策有影响的空间因素，并借鉴Huff模型对网点吸引力进行了表达。描述了商业空间决策支持系统的总体设计。     

制图综合的知识表示

从知识表示方面分析了制图综合的理论，介绍了地图综合的知识表示和地图综合专家系统的基本原理和方法．阐述了基于规则和模型的制图综合知识表示和数据组织形式，提出了制图综合专家系统的设计方案。     

新版《南极洲全图》的设计特点

从新版《南极洲全图》的数据获取和数学基础,遥感影像的校正方法,在CorelDraw下的数据处理以及地图的色彩设计等方面,探讨了基于彩色地图桌面出版系统生产超大幅面、多源信息集成地图的技术方法。     

ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHIC MAPPING: CONCEPTS,METHODS, AND TECHNOLOGY

Another paper in a series of articles on ecological-geographic mapping (see for example, Mapping Sciences and Remote Sensing, Vol. 31, No. 3, July-September 1994, pp. 185-220) focuses on outlining a concise typology of such maps and providing a brief history of their emergence during the 1970s and 1980s. A subsequent section is devoted to methods and technology used in the compilation of ecological-geographic maps, particularly the multiple variants of data organization, processing, and cartographic representation that can be factored into research design. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1995, No. 4, pp. 10-18.     

A STUDY ON THE CARTOGRAPHIC FUZZY MATRIX MODEL AND MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS OF CARTOGRAPHIC TERMS

On the basis of the research of the cartographic modelsmade by the authors some years ago,this paper further studies theestablishment of cartographic fuzzy matrix to make the concepts incartography e.g.,selection,deletion,mapping generalization andimage tranformation,into some precise mathematical expressions.     

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE COMPLEX ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF SIBERIA

A review of basic theoretical principles of “ecological” mapping and types of maps of the environment sets the stage for a more detailed treatment of ecological-geographic maps—maps portraying a wide range of nature-society and nature-nature relationships—as they are used in support of economic development and environmental monitoring in Siberia. Particular attention is devoted to the compilation of map series, which include ecological-geographical maps, for the Lake Baykal area, BAM service zone, West Siberia, and specific territorial production complexes (e.g., Kansk-Achinsk TPC). Translated from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1987, No. 3, pp. 10-18.     

ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING FOR BALANCED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

A Russian geographer summarizes the results of a comprehensive study of modern landscapes and the mapping of diverse ecological situations. The procedure involves the development of a system of criteria and indices for the assessment of the properties of the environment, which provide a sound basis for comprehensive ecological mapping. The importance of an ecological assessment in the mapping of environmental problems and situations in support of the stable and balanced development of regions is demonstrated. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA from: Izvestiya Akademiya Nauk, seriya geograficheskaya, 1999, No. 1, pp. 81-87.     

地图扫描矢量化问题分析

本文指出了地图扫描矢量化在全过程中所存在的若干问题，分析了问题的原因，并就部分问题提出了解决思路。为避免和减少误差，提高矢量化产品质量有一定实际意义。     

基于区域CORS网的高精度近实时GPS气象研究

利用了武汉CORS网及周边多个IGS跟踪站的观测数据,模拟了一个近实时GPS气象监测系统,完善了GPS水汽反演数据处理策略。