城市遥感的特点及技术要求

由于城市具有典型的非均质性及构成城市的要素较小, 因此, 城市生态系统遥感与自然生态 系统遥感有显着的差异。本文讨论了影响城市遥感诸因素, 如人工物质的光谱特性、混合像元、 霾因子、边缘锐度及摄影死角等问题, 此外, 就传感器、像片比例尺、分辨率、旁向重叠率、时相 等的选择原则也作了论证。     

XVth INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING

The XVth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, organised by the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, was held at Rio Centro. Rio de Janeiro from 17th to 29th June, 1984. Reports on the activities of the seven technical Commissions as well as on the Exhibition and the General Assembly were given to a meeting of the Photogrammetric Society on 16th October, 1984. Papers were published in the International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 25.     

地理信息系统与遥感的一体化

本文主要概述了地理信息系统(GIS)的含义、性质、类型和特点,并分析了其在国内外的发展和应用前景。目前,它已发展形成为一门全方位的新兴服务行业。此外,本文还就地理信息系统的标准化、规范化的研究,及GIS与全球研究和与遥感应用的结合,尤其是遥感与地理信息系统的一体化发展的方向等,作了重点介绍。     

杭州湾南北两岸岸线变迁遥感动态调查

以多时相遥感资料为基础,利用遥感数据的时间和空间特点,对杭州湾南北两岸的岸线进行了遥感调查,查明了岸线变迁规律及影响因素,为杭州湾合理开发、管理和保护提供了依据。     

THE STUDY OF SOIL-VEGETATION DYNAMICS THROUGH REMOTE SENSING

Remote sensing imagery at widely varying scales is used in the analysis of the soil-vegetation cover of the west-central Siberia. Space imagery and smaller-scale air photographs initially are used to divide a study area into basic soil-vegetation complexes based on the criterion of figure outline. The internal structure of the complexes are then analyzed in greater detail, using larger-scale air photographs and a standard interpretation key based on selected field observations. Tonal-textural variations establish the ecological affiliations of separate elements within each complex and their dynamic states at a particular point in time. Translated from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1985, No. 2, pp. 112-119.     

REMOTE SENSING IN THE STUDY OF LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE

Applications of remote sensing, in particular space imagery, in the study of the physical structure of landscapes are described. Special attention is paid to space imagery's capacity for instantaneous analysis of extensive areas, its potential for combined use with more traditional methods, and the multiscalar quality of the data obtained. Joint use of a variety of image products and imaging sequences provides diverse information which can be integrated for a more comprehensive understanding of landscape structure in a variety of physical environments. Translated from: Izvestiya Vsesoyuznogo geograficheskogo obshchestva, 1985, No. 3, pp. 266-270.     

THE MERGER OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SOCIETY AND THE REMOTE SENSING SOCIETY

The attempts by A. S. Macdonald in the late 1980s and by J. A. Allan in the mid-1990s to integrate the UK societies and professional organisations within the spatial science field are described. The Photogrammetric Society, noting a long-term decline in its membership, set up an internal working group in 1997 to consider the future of the Society. A lengthy questionnaire to all individual members produced a 57% response and mandatory support for renewed action on greater inter-society cooperation.
A further effort to produce a wide amalgamation of bodies in the UK spatial science field on the Macdonald/Allan models failed for lack of support nationally. As a smaller step, perhaps to be extended later, a merger with the Remote Sensing Society was eventually agreed. The subsequent lengthy and delicate negotiations necessary to bring about a successful merger between these two mature, independently minded learned societies are described. The two societies were formally merged on 1st April 2001.
The author was a member of both the Photogrammetric and the Remote Sensing Societies and chaired the External Affairs Committee of the Photogrammetric Society preceding the merger.     

RECENT ACTIVITIES OF THE PRIRODA STATE REMOTE SENSING CENTER

A brief review of the most recent of a series of far-reaching experiments at improving subsatellite monitoring and control during satellite imaging sequences focuses on efforts to coordinate international research and data collection for the purpose of developing a global exchange model in the land-atmosphere system. The experiment involved the coordinated processing of thermal, moisture, and radiation data obtained from a wide variety of sensors—scanners, radar, spectrometers, photographic cameras, hydgometers—from a wide variety of platforms—satellites, manned spacecraft, airplanes, ships, ground field observations at test sites. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, seriya geograficheskaya, 1993, No. 2, pp. 127-128.     

数字水印技术在遥感影像中的应用

为了保护数字影像、音频和视频资料不被非授权者使用,数字水印技术在多媒体领域受到了密切关注.本文介绍了数字水印技术的发展现状,探讨了空域和频域水印技术在遥感影像版权保护及处理后的确认等方面的应用前景.     

INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE SENSING DATA: THE FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

A report by Soviet delegates to the 15th Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing provides a forum for a Soviet assessment of foreign achievements in the practical application of remote sensing in various fields of economic activity, particularly oil and gas exploration, prospecting for metallic minerals, forestry, and oceanography. Special emphasis is given to digital image processing for land-use classification, a field in which Soviet researchers are becoming increasingly involved. The Congress is described as contributing greatly to the development of common data processing methodologies and the exchange of information and opinions on common problems. Translated from: Geodeziya i kartografiya, 1985, No. 4, pp. 53-58.     

REMOTE SENSING IN THE STATISTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS

An analysis of the statistical characteristics of the optical depth of suspended particulates was made in several parts of the visible spectrum as it is affected by meteorological conditions. The paper tests whether the association of the statistical characteristics of the spectral structure of visible radiation with meteorological parameters is strong enough to serve as part of the explanation for the onset of different states of atmospheric turbidity. Equations are derived that permit estimation of atmospheric optical conditions from meteorological data.     

西藏高原湖泊萎缩的遥感图像分析

本文应用陆地卫星图像,分析了西藏境内湖泊的萎缩现状,建立了萎缩湖泊的影像解译标志,将区内湖泊分为干涸、半干涸、严重萎缩和轻微萎缩4种类型,指出藏北地区湖泊的萎缩现象严重,认为气候干旱是导致湖泊萎缩的主要因素。     

东亚飞蝗灾害的遥感监测实验

通过对蝗虫栖息、生长和繁殖的生境进行野外实际调研和数据采集,利用TM图像数据提取蝗虫生存的芦苇样地的归一化植被指数(NDVI)、抗大气植被指数(ARVI),综合分析遥感数据与实测数据之间的相关关系,找出探测蝗灾的光谱特征域在遥感图像上对应的位置,提出监测和预测蝗灾的遥感方法.     

GMS气象卫星在暴雨灾害遥感监测中的应用

利用时空分辨率较高的GMS-5红外、可见光和水汽多通道遥感资料,给出了影响山东省夏季暴雨的卫星遥感图像模型。结合常规气象资料,探索了利用气象卫星遥感资料监测暴雨灾害的方法。     

GIS在矿产资源开发状况遥感动态监测中的应用

为建立全国性的矿产资源开发状况数据库系统，以山西省晋城市和江西省崇义县矿产资源开发状况遥感动态监测成果为基础 ，通过GIS 强大的空间数据管理功能，对所收集的数据进行管理，建立了具有浏览编辑、查询检索、统计分析及动态监测等特点的空 间数据库系统。本文就建立这一数据库系统的技术方法、设计思路、系统组成和GIS的应用等方面进行了阐述。     

油气资源遥感技术若干问题的探讨

本文对油气资源遥感技术的研究内容、理论、方法及研究现状进行了系统总结。提出了石油勘探各阶段遥感技术配套应用的主要目标。对隐伏信息传输机理进行了探讨。油气资源遥感技术的发展必然要求建立自己独立的学科体系, 本文对其关键研究内容提出了初步看法。