中国喀斯特地貌研究进展

本文按喀斯特地带性研究。喀斯特地貌分类和制图、喀斯特发育史及演变模式、洞穴学、喀斯特地貌基础理论以及应用研究等六个方面阐述了中国喀斯特地貌研究的进展。     

CLIMATOLOGY: THE CHALLENGE FOR THE EIGHTIES

Geographical climatology must systematically investigate the exchanges of heat, water, and momentum that occur at or near the earth's surface. Our discipline should focus upon surface features described under the general term “topoclimatology”as well as upon transfer processes occurring in the planetary boundary layer. Climatologists must increase their understanding of the synergistic relationships among climatic processes, surface features, and human actions. Methods of data collection, summary, analysis, and display also need to be improved. These challenges must be met in order that we may develop a better understanding of climate and improve our quantitative climatic analogues.     

CLIMATOLOGY: THE CHALLENGE FOR THE EIGHTIES

Geographical climatology must systematically investigate the exchanges of heat, water, and momentum that occur at or near the earth's surface. Our discipline should focus upon surface features described under the general term “topoclimatology”as well as upon transfer processes occurring in the planetary boundary layer. Climatologists must increase their understanding of the synergistic relationships among climatic processes, surface features, and human actions. Methods of data collection, summary, analysis, and display also need to be improved. These challenges must be met in order that we may develop a better understanding of climate and improve our quantitative climatic analogues.     

我国区域地貌学研究进展及问题初探

本文分5个阶段阐述建国以来我国区域地貌学的研究进展,并就区域地貌学的研究对象、研究内容、区域地貌学在学科体系中的地位等问题提出了讨论。     

RECENT RESEARCH IN JAPANESE GEOMORPHOLOGY

This is the second in a series of reports on Japanese geographic research prepared in cooperation with the Association of Japanese Geographers (AJG). Like the report on historical geography, which appeared in the August issue, this report on geomorphology has been modified for the English-speaking readership of THE PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER. As an indication of the relative importance of geomorphology in Japanese geography, at the April 1979 annual meeting of the AJG in Tokyo 30 percent of the 138 papers presented were devoted to geomorphology.—H. Jesse Walker, Member, U.S. National Committee, IGU     

RECENT RESEARCH IN JAPANESE GEOMORPHOLOGY

This is the second in a series of reports on Japanese geographic research prepared in cooperation with the Association of Japanese Geographers (AJG). Like the report on historical geography, which appeared in the August issue, this report on geomorphology has been modified for the English-speaking readership of THE PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER. As an indication of the relative importance of geomorphology in Japanese geography, at the April 1979 annual meeting of the AJG in Tokyo 30 percent of the 138 papers presented were devoted to geomorphology.—H. Jesse Walker, Member, U.S. National Committee, IGU     

环珠江三角洲大湾文化地貌试析

近十余年环珠江口地区５０００￣６０００年前的新石器时代遗址已发掘２０多处，其中１１个遗址是位于９个岛屿之上。这些考古学资料表明，６０００年前左右沿海居民海洋蛋白资源开拓的重要证据。     

ANTHROPOGENIC GEOMORPHOLOGY IN NORTHERN ALASKA

Two classes of anthropogenic landforms can be recognized in the permafrost environment of northern Alaska. Primary anthropogenic landforms result from the operation of natural geomorphic processes on man-made features such as roads or gravel berms. Secondary anthropogenic forms are identical to natural geomorphic features, but evolve as indirect consequences of human actions. The first group is illustrated by a badly thermokarsted road, which has caused serious drainage disruptions likely to persist over a long time period. Secondary forms are exemplified by fields of palsa-like features, which are common where pipeline-related construction activities or structures cause shallow ponding. Because they evolve rapidly, anthropogenic permafrost landforms can provide great insight into the development of natural periglacial features.     

黄河悬浮物组成的地理分异

根据对1980年汛期在黄河18个水文站采集样品的分析结果,本文讨论了黄河悬浮物的粒度、矿物和化学组成从上游到下游的地理分异。     

GEOGRAPHIC PUBLICATION IN GERMANY

Abstract

Feminist geography and political geography still represent two solitudes within the discipline. While increased traffic between these different parts of the discipline points to a degree of intellectual engagement, there remains a paucity of feminist thought in political geography. This article examines recent scholarship on feminist political geography, with a view to applying its insights to the struggles to protest and end political violence. The concept of feminist geopolitics is employed and recast, both as a bridging concept between feminist and political geography and as an analytical approach that has political valence in the context of the war in Iraq. Feminist geopolitics is revisited in this article, but remains a critical analytic in relation to body counts and other casualties in war zones.     

暖温带地理景观中土壤硒的分异特征

本文按垂直自然带谱研究了暖温带地理景观中山地草旬土、山地棕壤、山地淋溶褐土和潮土中硒的分异特征。结果表明：（1）硒在土剖面上的分异，除受生物富集的影响外，淋溶和粘人作用强烈地制约着硒在剖面上的迁移；（2）不同机械组分中的硒含量以粘粒中最高，呈明显的粘粒＞细粉粒＞中粉粒＞砂粒序列。因此，成土过程中，不同机械组分以及次生或们生矿物和垂直运动和自然分选作用对土壤硒的地理分异具有非常重要的作用。（3）易于淋溶失的有机态或钙结合的硒对所研究的土壤表层硒的贡献都大于50％。提出淋溶作用是我国低硒带形成的主要外营力。     

系统论思想在地貌学中的应用

系统论的思潮及其基本原则迅速地向地貌学领域渗透和扩展,改变着地貌学家的知识结构和思维方式。愈来愈显示出地貌学的一个新的生长点——系统地貌学,将以其强大的生命力萌发出来。它将从系统论与控制论的角度,研究地球表面形态结构及其物质组成与自然环境、社会经济环境之间的相互作用,揭示地貌系统的结构、功能及其演化规律性;对地域分异形成的不同地貌景观,分别建立过程-反应模式。为优化人地系统、合理利用自然资源、建立区域发展最优模式的决策提供科学依据。