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气象海况是组织海上油田生产的重要依据,通过查询海区历史气象资料,分析研究埕岛油田海域的气象规律和特点,紧密结合油田区城地理、海上施工及平台、船舶等设施及装备的基本情况,针对油田生产、海上施工等受气象水文因素制约、影响的不同特点,提出科学的组织生产措施,提高生产效率,保障安全生产。 相似文献
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Daniel Jean Stanley 《Geo-Marine Letters》1982,2(1-2):101-107
The first major offshore boundary dispute where plate tectonics constituted a significant argument was recently brought before
the International Court of Justice by Libya and Tunisia concerning the delimitation of their continental shelves. Libya placed
emphasis on this concept to determine natural prolongation of its land territory under the sea. Tunisia contested use of the
entire African continental landmass as a reference unit and views geography, geomorphology and bathymetry as relevant as geology.
The Court pronounced that “It is the outcome, not the evolution in the long-distant past, which is of importance.” Moreover,
it is the present-day configuration of coasts and seabed that are the main factors, not geology. 相似文献
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采用文献分析法对ISI Web of Science (institute for scientific information, ISI)核心合集数据库中关于海平面上升文献综合探究,得出结论:(1)海平面上升的发文量从1993—2016年整体呈上升趋势,尤其在2010年后产量大增。(2)发表越久的文献被引次数越高。文献作者数量逐年增多,引用参考文献数量也逐年增加,文献之间联系越来越紧密。(3)美国主导海平面上升研究。对于发文量较多的国家,该国独立发文量和其与他国合作文献量基本持平;对于发文量较少的国家,大部分文献为与他国合作完成。(4)不同机构之间合作是为常态,机构间合作明显多于国家间的合作。(5)关于海平面上升文献发文量最高的期刊刊登文献数占本研究总文献的近6%;期刊研究领域所属学科种类均与geology和environmental sciencesecology以及physical geography等相关。(6)通过关键词研究发现,除气候变化外,盐沼、风暴潮等是近期海平面上升的研究主流。希望通过对目前已出版文献的梳理为后续的研究提供指引及借鉴的依据,并通过对文献分析法的运用,能够使研究者更有针对性地将该方法运用到相关学术领域。 相似文献
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太平洋海平面变化特征及影响因素分析 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
采用经验模态分解法对太平洋沿岸验潮站的月平均海平面资料进行处理,结合T/P高度计资料、Church(2004)重构SSH资料、Ishii(2005)月均海温资料,研究太平洋海平面年际、年代际变化以及资料长度内海平面变化趋势。太平洋沿岸海平面总体呈上升趋势,平均上升速率为1.4 mm/a,趋势项分布有明显的区域性和纬度特征。ENSO对太平洋地区海平面年际变化有显著影响,海平面年际变化与Nino3指数在西(东)太平洋为负(正)相关,海平面年际变化与Nino3指数的相关性在热带太平洋最大,并随着纬度升高相关性减弱,且不同地区年际变化有滞后ENSO时间不等的最大相关。海平面年际变化与PDO指数在西(东)太平洋为负(正)相关,海平面与PDO的相关性分布有区域性和随时间演变特征。年代际变化对目前使用卫星高度计资料分析海平面长期趋势项的预测有直接影响,可能完全掩盖海平面长期变化趋势。 相似文献
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Sea level changes in the Baltic Sea are dominated by internal, short-term variations that are mostly caused by the ephemeral nature of atmospheric conditions over the Baltic area. Tides are small and their influence decreases from western parts of the Baltic Sea to the Baltic Proper. Superimposed to the large short-term sea level changes (up to few decimeters from day to day) are seasonal and interannual variations (centimeters to decimeters). This study focuses on the comparison of sea surface heights obtained from observations and from a high resolution oceanographic model of the Baltic Sea. From this comparison, the accuracy of the modeled sea surface variations is evaluated, which is a necessary precondition for the further use of the oceanographic model in geodetic applications. The model reproduces all observed Baltic sea level variations very reliably with an accuracy of 5 to 9 cm (rms) for short-term variations (up to 2 months) and 8 cm (rms) for long-term variations (>2 months). An additional improvement of the model can be attained by including long-period sea level variations of the North Sea. The model performs well also in the case of extreme sea level events, as is shown for a major storm surge that occurred at the southern coast of the Baltic Sea in November 1995. 相似文献
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本文讨论了在建立海平面变化曲线中,基准面的选择、潮汐成因的误差与潮位修正、海平面标志物高程确定、海平面标志物高程的变动与修正(地壳升降、沉积物均衡沉降、水均衡沉降、沉积物的压实)以及古海面标志物年龄测定的误差等问题。 相似文献
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Robert Hage 《Marine Policy》1984,8(1):2-15
This is a historical review of Canadian policy at the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea. Canadian objectives with regard to the territorial sea, fisheries, pollution prevention and the continental shelf are outlined and the role played by the Canadian delegation at UNCLOS is described. The article then examines the impact of the Convention on Canada, particular attention being paid to the Canadian Exclusive Economic Zone and the Canadian role in the controversy over seabed mining. The author concludes by arguing that Canada was a major beneficiary of the Convention, but that US opposition has placed the future of the Convention in jeopardy. 相似文献
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N. G. Platonov I. N. Mordvintsev V. V. Rozhnov I. V. Alpatsky 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2012,48(9):1027-1038
The summer minimum of the Arctic sea ice area and extent have been estimated for 2011 using satellite passive microwave data. Compared with sea ice conditions during the satellite era (1979 to the present), the Arctic ice cap is close in size to the absolute minimum recorded in 2007. However, the spatial distribution of sea ice at the end of summer differed in 2007 and 2011 due to the atmospheric circulation effect on the position of the ice edge. It is shown that the decreasing rate of the ice cover has increased fourfold since 2003. A linear model has been developed for the global short-term prediction of Arctic ice conditions and historical reconstruction (until the middle of the 20th century, including the pre-satellite era) of summer ice conditions from the air temperature fields using the dimensionality reduction technique (principal component analysis) and canonical correlation analysis. The simulation results confirm the drastic change in the sea ice area at the end of summer after 2002. 相似文献
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采用回归分析方法,对曹妃甸现有海平面数据与邻近的塘沽沿海相对应的海平面数据进行相关分析,用建立的回归方程及塘沽历史海平面时间序列,推算了曹妃甸历史海平面时间序列,进而分析了曹妃甸海平面变化特征,同时预测了曹妃甸未来海平面可能上升的高度。分析结果表明:曹妃甸沿海海平面1951—2013年呈长期波动上升趋势,变化年速率为3.2mm/a;1980—2013年上升加快,变化年速率为6.6mm/a,高于同期中国沿海海平面的上升速率;20世纪90年代至2013年上升更进一步加快,变化年速率为11.1mm/a。可为曹妃甸沿海城市规划、滨岸工程设计和防灾减灾提供参考。 相似文献
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研究福建深沪湾多种相的晚更新世沉积,包括有冲洪积相的含砾砂黏土、湖相黏土、潮间带生物沉积相即大片的古牡蛎滩及滨海相河口潮滩砂黏土和风成老红砂等,研究了它们的沉积学特征和形成古环境及其可能反映的复杂的构造形变.沉积相特征表明,深沪湾地壳经历了距今约60 000 a以来早期的可能下沉(距今约28 000 a开始海浸)—距今约25 000~15 000 a的与水动型海平面上升速率大致相同的抬升(生成晚更新世古牡蛎滩)—距今约15 000~11 000 a的可能与古强地震相关的快速抬升(古牡蛎滩脱离海面形成古牡蛎滩台地,深沪湾地区生成多个陆地凹陷)—距今约11 000~7 000 a的相对稳定(凹陷内生长古森林)—距今约7 000 a的古强地震快速下沉(形成潟湖、古森林沉溺)—相对稳定—微弱抬升(又一次成陆)—距今约2 400 a的又一次古强地震快速下沉(形成海底古森林及潮间带古牡蛎滩遗迹)—相对稳定(海岸堤形成)的地壳形变及环境变迁过程. 相似文献
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Stefano Tinti Francesco Latino Chiocci Filippo Zaniboni Gianluca Pagnoni Giovanni de Alteriis 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2011,32(1-2):287-297
The island of Ischia, Gulf of Naples, Italy, like many other volcanic islands is affected by mass failures, that are mainly related to secondary volcanic processes such as slope steepening and seismic shaking. The block resurgence of its main relief, Mount Epomeo, has been recognised to contribute cyclically to mass instability and cause landslides, that occasionally may reach the sea and start tsunamis. In this work we explore the consequences of the Ischia Debris Avalanche (IDA), a flank collapse that occurred in historical times, and involved the whole Mount Epomeo edifice including its submarine portion, and that may have caused gigantic sea waves affecting all the coasts of Ischia and of the Gulf of Naples. The IDA and the generated tsunami have been taken as the worst-case scenario for the occurrence of a new tsunami in the area. They have been simulated through numerical codes developed and maintained by the University of Bologna. The simulation shows that the IDA-induced tsunami attacks severely all the coasts of the Gulf of Naples with the highest waves obtained for the island of Ischia, the island of Capri and the peninsula of Sorrento. The propagation pattern of the IDA tsunami can be used to get hints on the impact that such an event may have had on early populations habiting Gulf of Naples, but also to get clues on the area that could be most severely hit by a tsunami generated by a smaller-scale landslide that may occur in the same source zone. 相似文献
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经验正交函数(experiential orthogonal functions,EOF)是重构声速剖面(sound speed profile,SSP)的一种有效方法,利用部分实测数据结合历史剖面资料可以重构当前位置的声速剖面。针对实测数据的采样深度难以确定这一问题,本文介绍了一种基于历史声速剖面资料的实测数据采样深度选取方法,根据EOF空间函数的方差贡献率确定数据量,进而采用EOF算法重构全海深声速剖面。实验结果表明:采用该方法得到的数据重构的声速剖面与实测声速剖面具有较好的一致性,基于常梯度声线跟踪法得到的水深数据能够满足0.25%倍水深限差,有效波束比达到了100%,为实际测量作业中声剖数据的采样深度提供了参考。 相似文献