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1.
Effects of the Thermal Contrast Between Indo-China Peninsula and South China Sea on the SCS Monsoon Onset 
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下载免费PDF全文 The seasonal and interannual variations of the thermal contrast between Indo-China Peninsula (ICP)and South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed using the pentad mean NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data during 1958-1998 and the pentad mean outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR) data during 1975{1998, along with the effects of such a thermal contrast on the SCS monsoon onset (SCSMO). It is shown that there exists
significant seasonal evolution for such a thermal contrast. The surface temperature of ICP is higher than that of SCS from pentad 3 to pentad 25 due to the sensible heating of the ICP. After pentad 25, such a thermal gradient reverses due to the temperature decrease resulted from the convection and rainfall over the ICP from pentad 22 to pentad 23. Furthermore, the above seasonal evolution of the discussed thermal contrast also demonstrates a remarkable interannual change which plays an important role in the SCSMO.On one hand, the reversion happens prior to (or simultaneously with) the SCSMO each year during 1958-1998, thus becoming a precondition for the SCSMO. On the other hand, the earlier (later) the date when the surface temperature of ICP becomes higher (lower) than that of the SCS, the later the SCSMO. 相似文献
2.
利用NOAA的外逸长波辐射资料(OLR)和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及华南地区台站降水资料诊断分析了热带西太平洋对流活动在2005年和2006年华南地区持续性暴雨发生的大尺度环流背景上的物理作用。分析表明:2005年6月17～24日华南持续性暴雨过程与热带西太平洋对流的10～25天低频振荡从150°E附近西传有关,持续性暴雨期间西太平洋副热带高压持续西伸的Gill型环流响应对应于传播到120°E附近强对流的低频间歇期;2006年5月下旬～6月中旬华南的持续性暴雨可能与热带西太平洋的双热带辐合带(ITCZ)南支对流带异常强盛有关,持续强盛的南支ITCZ使得115～135°E平均的局地Hadley环流最大上升中心位于0～5°S,菲律宾海附近区域上升运动的减弱有利于西太平洋副热带高压持续西伸加强。通过比较这两例典型的华南持续性暴雨过程发现,副热带高压在华南地区持续西伸是两次持续性暴雨发生的共同的大尺度环流背景,而热带西太平洋对流活动则通过不同的物理过程影响副热带高压的持续西伸。 相似文献
3.
Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the thermodynamic features and the effect of spatially nonuniform heating on the circulation of the tropical monsoon area in South Asia due to the land- sea distribution have been analyzed, The influences of the subcontinent topography on the Asian tropical circulation are mostly characterized by its thermodynamic effects on low-level circulation, of which the strongest is observed in winter and spring but the relatively weak in summer, followed by the weakest in autumn. The thermodynamic difference between the lndo china Peninsula and Indian Peninsula and its influence on the circulation are regulated by the Tibetan Plateau. During the transitional period from spring to early summer, the Tibetan Plateau thermal forcing generates a large-scale cyclonic circulation in low latitudes in the lower troposphere. As a result, the southerlies/northerlies are increased to the east/west of the Bay of Bengal, Therefore latent heating of the atmosphere is strengthened and the surface sensible heating over the Indochina Peninsula is weakened. On the other hand the surface sensible heating over the Indian Peninsula is increased. It is shown that heating with various scales and different kinds can affect the tropical atmosphere in different ways, which lead to the unique characteristics of the tropical Asian circulation. 相似文献
4.
南亚海陆热力差异及其对热带季风区环流的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了亚洲热带季风区海陆分布所造成的热力差异,以及空间非均匀加热对热带季风区环流特别是初夏过渡季节环流的影响.在大尺度环流背景下,次大陆地形对亚洲热带地区环流的影响主要表现在对低层环流的热力作用,其中感热加热对冬、春季环流的影响明显,对秋季环流的作用相对较小.中南半岛和印度半岛之间的热力差异及其对环流的影响受到青藏高原的调配作用.在初夏过渡季节,高原热力强迫作用于低纬低层环流,使低纬约90 (E以东出现南风加强、以西出现北风加强,从而增强了中南半岛上空的潜热加热,减弱了其低层的感热加热,印度半岛地区还加强了低层的感热加热.多尺度、各种性质的加热共同作用于低纬大气,形成了亚洲热带地区独有的环流特征. 相似文献
5.
邵慧 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2001,7(2):131-143
In this work, the SCSMEX data are used to diagnose and compare the local land-sea thermalconditions, with the focus of discussion on possible influences of thermal forcing of the western Pacific and theTibetan Plateau on the onset and development of summer monsoon in 1998. Results show a close relationshipbetween the distribution of the heat sources and the land-sea contrast. Due to the blocking effect of terrain, mainmaximum zones of the heat sources in areas with more evident north-south land-sea contrast are more obviouslysouthward located than those exclusively with oceans. The surface heating is characterized with apparentseasonal variation and difference between land and sea. The relationship between the western Pacific and theonset of summer monsoon is reflected in the variations of the sea surface temperature (SST) and the latent heat.The influence mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau during the summer monsoon is different: it is dominated bysensible heating during the South China Sea monsoon and by condensed latent heating during the Indianmonsoon. 相似文献
6.
Based on LIS/OTD gridded lightning climatology data, ERA5 reanalysis data, and MODIS atmosphere monthly global products, we examined latitudinal and daily variations of lightning activity over land, offshore areas,open sea, and all marine areas(i.e., the aggregate of open sea and offshore areas) for different seasons over the Pacific Ocean and the adjacent land areas at 65° N-50° S, 99° E-78° W, and analysed the relationships of lightning activity with CAPE(Convective Available Potential Energy)... 相似文献
8.
使用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料分析了东亚高空急流异常与江淮入梅的关系,得出:东亚高空急流对江淮入梅早、晚有一定的短期预测指示意义。当东亚高空急流偏北时,江淮入梅偏早;反之,当东亚高空急流偏南时,江淮入梅偏晚。东亚高空急流偏北年,西北太平洋海区异常冷,亚欧大陆异常暖,东亚大陆和西太平洋的纬向海陆热力差异由冬到夏的季节转变异常偏早,导致东亚地区大气环流发生季节性转变也偏早;同时,中东太平洋地区ITCZ异常活跃,夏季风系统的推进和副热带高压以及南亚高压的北跳都异常偏早,这种环流有利于江淮梅雨季节开始偏早;高空急流偏南年情况正好相反。 相似文献
9.
The analysis of 43 years of NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data and station observations reveals the connections between tropospheric temperature variations and the weakening of the Indian summer monsoon circulation. The Indian summer monsoon variation is strongly linked to tropospheric temperature over East Asia, showing significant positive correlations of mean tropospheric temperature with all-Indian summer rainfall and the monsoon circulation intensity. The result shows that Indian summer monsoon circulation underwent two weakening processes in recent decades. The first occurred in circa the mid-1960s, and the other occurred in circa the late 1970s. The finding indicates that the mean tropospheric temperature may play a crucial role in the weakening of the Indian summer monsoon intensity via changing land-sea thermal contrast. The role of the tropospheric temperature contrast between East Asia and the tropical area from the eastern Indian Ocean to the tropical western Pacific is to weaken the Indian summer monsoon circulation. 相似文献
10.
东亚冬季风异常的空间结构及与海陆热力差异的联系 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对NCEP／NCAR再分析资料采用经验正交函数和奇异谱分析方法研究东亚冬季风异常的空间结构和时间变率,在进行相关分析的基础上用奇异值分解方法研究东亚冬季风异常与海陆热力差异的联系。分析结果表明：在东亚季风区内冬季风异常有明显的地理差异,根据经向风的气修平均图及均方差图上极值中心的位置、形态,确定三个区域。WM1、WM2、WM3区为东亚冬季风的三个子系统,分别位于南海、东海、日本海上。三个子系统强度的年际、年代际变率都不同。近40aWM3区冬季风呈减弱趋势,而WM1、WM2区冬季风没有明显的减弱趋势,不同地区海陆热力差异明显不同子系统的强度,WM1、WM2区冬季风与热带西太平洋海温相关紧密,WM3区冬季风与高纬度海陆热力差异相关密切。 相似文献
11.
12.
利用观测资料分析了亚洲季风区夏季海陆热力差异的变化特征。在此基础上,采用国际耦合模式比较计划第五阶段(Coupled Model Intercomparison Program 5,CMIP5)20个模式的输出结果,对其进行了模拟评估。结果表明,亚洲季风区夏季陆地上空温度呈下降趋势,海洋上空呈升高趋势,海陆热力差呈减弱趋势。虽然模式模拟的海陆热力差也呈减弱趋势,但陆地和海洋上空温度均呈上升趋势。模式对陆地上空温度趋势模拟较差的原因是对青藏高原上空的温度模拟偏低。进一步分析表明,对海陆热力差异模拟相对较好的模式对亚洲季风系统模拟较好,而较差的模式对亚洲季风系统模拟也较差。 相似文献
13.
Investigating the temporal and spatial distributions of the atmospheric heat sources(AHS) over the Tibetan Plateau-Tropical Indian Ocean(TP-TIO) region is of great importance for the understanding of the evolution and development of the South Asian summer monsoon(SASM). This study used the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis(JRA-55) data from 1979 to 2016 and adopted statistical methods to study the characteristics of the AHS between the TP and TIO, and theirs link to the SASM on an interannual scale. The results indicated that the monthly variations of the AHS in the two regions were basically anti-phase, and that the summer AHS in the TP was obviously stronger than that in the TIO. There were strong AHS and atmospheric moisture sink(AMS) centers in both the eastern and western TP in summer. The AHS center in the east was stronger than that in the west, and the AMS centers showed the opposite pattern. In the TIO, a strong AHS center in the northwest-southeast direction was located near 10°S, 90°E.Trend analysis showed that summer AHS in the TIO was increasing significantly, especially before 1998, whereas there was a weakening trend in the TP. The difference of the summer AHS between the TP and TIO(hereafter IQ)was used to measure the thermal contrast between the TP and the TIO. The IQ showed an obvious decreasing trend.After 1998, there was a weak thermal contrast between the TP and the TIO, which mainly resulted from the enhanced AHS in the TIO. The land-sea thermal contrast, the TIO Hadley circulation in the southern hemisphere and the SASM circulation all weakened, resulting in abnormal circulation and abnormal precipitation in the Bay of Bengal(BOB). 相似文献
14.
LUO Huibang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,14(2):200-209
Values of the net radiative heating(QRT)at the top of atmosphere(TOA) are derived from the satellite-observed outgoing long wave radiation(OLR)and the TOA short wave net irradiance (SHT) for the region of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas(40°S-40°N,0-180°E)and the period of months from January 1979 to December 1988.The anomalous QRT(QRTA)in relation to the interannual variability of Asian monsoon is discussed.QRTA for the earth-atmosphere system in the domain may be linked to the thermal contrasts between continents and oceans and between the plateau and surrounding free atmosphere. 相似文献
15.
利用1979—2010年中国753站逐日降水资料,定义了江南春雨时间范围(12—27候)和空间范围(110~120°E,23~30°N),并通过EOF方法分析了江南春雨的时空分布特征,得到3个主要模态:全区一致型、南北反相型和东西反相型。在此基础上,利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料合成分析了江南春雨的旱涝年的环流差异。结果表明:江南春雨偏涝年,上游青藏高原东南侧的西南风增强,西太平洋副热带高压加强西伸,有利于来自副高南侧的水汽与高原南侧的水汽汇合向江南地区输送,而江南地区的上升运动也明显加强,有利于江南地区降水的产生。进一步分析发现在春雨期涝年青藏高原的热源强度明显强于旱年,导致高原东南侧的绕流增强,进而有利于江南地区的降水,而旱年情况大致相反。此外,比较旱涝年西太平洋—东亚大陆之间的纬向海陆热力差异发现,涝年大约在第11候发生冷热源的反转,旱年则在第16候反转。涝年江南地区春雨期热源强度也明显强于旱年,进一步说明江南地区冷热源的反转以及增强对于江南地区的降水具有重要的作用,同时对于判定江南春雨的季风降水性质具有重要指示意义。 相似文献
16.
罗会邦 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,(2)
Values of the net radiative heating(QRT)at the top of atmosphere(TOA)are derived from thesatellite-observed outgoing long wave radiation(OLR)and the TOA short wave net irradiance(SHT)for the region of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas(40°S—40°N,0—180°E)and theperiod of months from January 1979 to December 1988.The anomalous QRT(QRTA)in relation tothe interannual variability of Asian monsoon is discussed.QRTA for the earth-atmosphere system inthe domain may be linked to the thermal contrasts between continents and oceans and between theplateau and surrounding free atmosphere. 相似文献
17.
1INTRODUCTIONAmongdrivingfactorsfortheEastAsianmonsoonareplanetary-scaleland-seathermodynamiccontrast(e.g.betweentheEurasiancontinentandthePacificOcean)andsub-planetary-scaleone(e.g.betweentheIndochinaandtheSouthChinaSea).ItisovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)andadjoiningareasthattheEastAsiansummermonsoonfirstbreaksout.ItthenadvancestotheregionsofEastAsiaandSouthAsia.ItisthereforenaturaltofindlocalgeographicandtopographiceffectsoftheSCSregionevidentlyshownontheonsetoftheSCSsummermonsoon… 相似文献
18.
Recent studies indicated that except for the land-sea thermal contrast,there also existed the land-land thermal contrast.The composite analysis and t-test method are used to further study the local thermal contrast variation over the Asian continent,and to discuss the association of seasonal variation of land thermal state with circulation over East Asia,the early summer and summer monsoon activity,and the precipitation anomaly in China in the decadal scale.Results show that the positive meridional temperature anomaly transports downward from upper tropospheric layers in middle-high latitudes north of 25°N in the positive years.In the zonal direction,the Tibetan Plateau heating in the successive spring acts as a force to influence the atmosphere,leading to the rapid temperature warming over eastern Chinese continent,which could increase the land-sea thermal contrast with the negative SSTA.Accordingly,the monsoon activity in early summer over East Asian establishes earlier and the summer monsoon intensity becomes stronger.The early summer precipitation is more-than-normal over the Yangtze River,and the summer precipitation is more-than-normal over the north China and the southwest China.The situation is contrary in the negative years. 相似文献
19.
A 600-year integration performed with the Bergen Climate Model and National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） reanalysis data were used to investigate the impact of strong tropical volcanic eruptions on the East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） and EASM rainfall.Both the simulation and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data show a weakening of the EASM in strong eruption years.The model simulation suggests that North and South China experience droughts and the Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley experiences floods during eruption years.In response to strong tropical volcanic eruptions,the meridional air temperature gradient in the upper troposphere is enhanced,which leads to a southward shift and an increase of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream （EASWJ）.At the same time,the land-sea thermal contrast between the Asian land mass and Northwest Pacific Ocean is weakened.The southward shift and increase of the EASWJ and reduction of the land-sea thermal contrast all contribute to a weakening of the EASM and EASM rainfall anomaly. 相似文献
20.
关于东亚副热带季风和热带季风的再认识 总被引：15，自引：8，他引：15
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析数据集和CMAP(Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation)降水资料, 分析了东亚副热带夏季风与热带夏季风的区别和联系, 以及两者相互作用问题, 深入讨论了东亚副热带季风的本质。分析发现东亚副热带夏季风建立早于热带夏季风, 于3月中旬已经开始建立。两者是相互独立的两个过程, 前者并非是后者向北推进的结果;相反, 前者建立后的突然南压有利于后者的爆发。副热带夏季风为渐进式建立, 但撤退迅速;热带夏季风爆发突然, 但撤退缓慢。副热带夏季风的建立以偏南风的建立为特征, 而热带夏季风的建立以偏东风向偏西风转变为特征。热带夏季风的建立时间取决于经向海陆热力差异转向, 而东亚副热带夏季风则更依赖于纬向海陆热力差异的逆转。亚洲大陆（含青藏高原）与西太平洋之间的纬向海陆热力差异的季节逆转无论对东亚副热带夏季风还是热带夏季风均有重要作用。 相似文献