Chemistry of Aerosols over Chukchi Sea and Bering Sea

The contents of elements in aerosols sampled during the First Chinese Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-1) show great differences from one element to another. Na, K,Ca, Mg, A1, F, and Cl are the major components in the aerosols, whose contents are larger than 30 ng/m^3. The chemical elements whose contents vary between 0.1 - 30 ng/m^3 are Br,Sr, Cr, Ni, and Zn. The chemical elements whose contents are close to or slightly higher than 0.1 ng/m^3 are Rb, Ba, Zr, Th, and Pb. The contents of As, Sb, W, Mo, Au, La, Ce, Nd,Sin, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Sc, Co, Hf, Ta, and Cd are less than 0.1 ng/m^3. The mass concentration data for the same element, as observed during CHINARE-1, are almost accordant, but much lower than what is observed in the China‘ s seas or the coasts of China. The enrichment factor and electron microscopic analyses and lead isotope tracing were used to distinguish their sources.Four groups of sources can be classified as follows: anthropogenic: As, Sb, W, F, Mo, Au,Cu, Pb, Cd, V; crustal: La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Fe, Sc, Cr, Co, Ba, Zr, Hf,Ta, Cs, Mn, Th, U; oceanic:Na, K, Ca, and Mg; and mixing: Rb, Sr, Ca, and Mg.     

THRUST TECTONICS AND RELATED CROSS-SECTION BALANCING IN THE SOUTHWESTERN FUJIAN FORELAND FOLD AND THRUST BELT

l-Intr0ductionThesouthwestemregionofFujianprovinceinChinawasregardedastheforelandfoldandthrustbeltbelongingtotheTnassicS0uthChinaOrogenicZone(Lijiliang,l992).Thethrustandnappetectonics,whichdevelopedwidelyinthisregion,havebeenstudiedforoveradecadebymanyChinesegeologists(suchas,HouQuanling,LiPeijun&LiJiliang,1995,HouQuanling,&LiJiliang,l993,GuanYuxiang&YangTianshui,l994,GuanYuxiangetc.l989,TaoJianhua,l987,etc.).Basedontheachievementsmadebythosegeologyworkersandourownresearches,thetyP…     

招远大尹格庄金矿床微量元素特征及其意义

该文以山东招远大尹格庄金矿床中微量元素为研究对象,通过对矿床围岩、矿石等微量元素的研究,表明大尹格庄金矿围岩中微量元素以富含 Bi,Au,Pb,W,Ag,Sn 为特点,矿体和矿化体中元素组合为 Au,Ag,As,Sb,Hg,B, Cu,Zn,Bi,Mo,Mn,Co,Ni,W。在5个成矿阶段中,第二阶段与第三阶段微量元素的富集程度较明显,表现为 Au, Ag,As,Co,Bi,Cu,Pb,Zn 等的富集,成矿元素可分为2个分带序列,主成矿元素为 Au Ag Cu Pb Zn Bi 组合、头晕元素 As Sb Hg 组合和尾晕元素 Co Ni 组合。     

悼念南延宗夫君

南延宗字怀楚,浙江乐清人也,少聪颖,读书过目不忘,早失怙恃,长兄一人,体弱多病,家贫甚,求学艰难,小学毕业后,由中学而大学,半工半读,家庭不负担学杂费用,且资助其兄,大学卒业後,我俩在温州结婚,迫於环境,各自奔走服务,历年来对地质颇有心得,发表论文,蜚声科学界,抗战时期,同居重庆,任矿产测勘     

平阴县浅层地下水地球化学环境质量评价

平阴县浅层地下水调查采样密度为1点/16km2,分析测试27项指标的含量变化规律后,认为调查区浅层地下水中除K,Mn,NO-2等指标含量变化较大,局部富集外,其他指标含量变化小,在浅层地下水中分布较均匀.选择As,Ba,Be,Cd,Co,Cu,Fe,Hg,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se,Zn,F-,Cl-,Cr6+,NO-2,COD,pH等20项指标,按<地下水质量标准>对浅层地下水环境质量进行的单因子和综合评价,结果显示较好级以上者达88.4%,而较差级仅占11.6%,无极差级分布,调查区内浅层地下水环境质量状况良好.     

Distribution of Selected Critical Elements in the Carboniferous Coal-bearing Series of the Upper Silesian and Lublin Coal Basins (Poland)

The distribution of selected critical elements in the sedimentary rocks of the Carboniferous coal-bearing series within the Polish Coal Basins is presented.Critical elements such as Be,Mg,Si,P,Sc,V,Co,Y,Nb,In,Sb,La,Ce,Hf,Ta,W,Bi were analysed using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP/MS).Concentrations of elements such as Sb,Bi,In and,to a slightly lesser extent,Nb,as well as Sc,show average concentrations higher than those from the upper continental crust.The average concentrations of elements like Hf,Mg,P,Y,La,and Ce are slightly lower than in the upper continental crust.Other elements,such as Be,Co,Si,Ta,W and V have average concentrations that are similar,but slightly enriched or slightly depleted,relative to the upper continental crust.The research showed enrichment of some critical elements in the analysed samples,but not high enough that extraction would be economically viable.Statistical methods,which include correlation coefficients between elements and cluster analysis,reveal a strong positive correlation between elements like Be,Bi,Nb,Sc,Ta,W and V.Very high,almost total,positive correlation is also noted between La and Ce.     

LIST OF NEW MEMBERS

A.凡now吕舍具Brooke,N.P.束四牌楼瞪士胡同福公司搏Chow,K.C.周阴基,子建,湖北大冶孩瘫探鞍股Drake,F.5.,Shantung ohristian University,T,inan,Shantuug.Edmond,Jilla西直四外尸,颐裤煤蛾公司Garretson,Mary Welleek,Colu一n飞,ia University,New York City,U.5.A.Hsu,Y.M.徐渊摩,厚甫,北京女子大率徐竟甫收搏Kao,L.高鲁,曙青,北京中央觑象台King,sohtsu G.金招基,叔初,北京嘎嘎胡同Kil:g,Kunpei c.金城,常伯,北京束城技搔胡同Kobayashi,B.小林胖生,热河阜新森大典煤绩公司K,ung,K.H.孔夏锹,章虎,北京都城煌厢街Liu,0.F…     

河南济源大峪槐圪塔岭二叠—三叠系元素地球化学特征及古环境

本文对河南济源盆地大峪槐疙瘩岭二叠系上石盒子组(P3sh)、孙家沟组(P3s)和三叠系刘家沟组(T1l)剖面岩石样品进行了元素、频率磁化率、碳酸盐以及总有机质等的分析研究,结果表明在二叠系孙家沟组(P3s)底部济源动物群化石层、以及三叠系刘家沟组(T1l)底部界线(P/T)附近,其微量和常量元素发生了较明显的变化。化石层中Ba,Cr,Hf,Nb,Th,Ti,V,Y,Tl,Zn,Cu,Ga,Pb,Ni,La,Rb,Nd,以及K2O,Al2O3,Fe2O3含量相对较高,Zr,W,Sr,Bi,Co,Ce,以及SiO2,Na2O含量较低,MgO,CaO,Mn则没有明显的变化。Ba,Hf,Nb,Th,Ti,V,Y,W,K2O,Al2O3,SiO2,Na2O,Bi,Fe2O3,Ni,Co,La,Nd,Ce,及有机碳含量在三叠系底部含量明显上升,Cu,Ga,Pb,Tl,Zn,Cr,Zr,Sr,MgO,CaO,以及岩石频率磁化率Xfd、碳酸盐含量则明显下降。该剖面不仅记录了二叠—三叠纪的生物灭绝事件,而且有明显的二叠—三叠系界线,事件及界线的形成可能与沉积环境和古气候有关,水体的变浅、炎热气候和风化作用加强可能是直接的原因。石盒子组(P3sh)主要为河流—三角洲沉积环境,古气候相对温暖湿润;孙家沟组(P3s)为三角洲平原相,前期和后期有强烈风化作用,并且炎热多雨。中期则水平面上升,水下三角洲前缘砂质沉积为主;三叠系刘家沟组(T1l)则水体进一步扩张,气温相对下降。     

浙北地区土壤元素有效量及其影响因素研究

浙江省北部地区调查研究表明,受成土母质来源、土壤类型及其理化性质等因素的影响,土壤元素全量、有效量及其有效度表现为:1)低山丘陵岗地土壤中As,Cd,Mo,Pb和Se全量较高,As,Cd,Fe,Pb,Se和Zn有效量较高;而山前平原区土壤中Hg,Pb和Zn元素全量较高,由地表向深部的下降递度较小,显示为原始沉积成因特点。2)中酸性、富含有机质的红壤和水稻土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效度较高,水稻土Hg有效度最低;弱碱性或碱性、贫有机质的潮土和滨海盐砂土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效量较低,但B有效量及有效度均较高。3)统计分析表明,土壤中Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo,Cd,Pb,Se等元素全量与有效量间具显著正相关性,表明全量是有效量的重要影响控制因素;有机质含量与Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As和Pb有效度间为显著正相关,说明有机质较高有利于土壤元素活化;Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As,Pb和Se有效度与pH值为显著负相关,表明土壤酸性增强(酸化)会增加这类元素的生物有效性。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000193

Geochemical subsoil data obtained from China and European laboratories have been compared in this study. 787 C horizon subsoil samples from FOREGS (Forum of European Geological Surveys) geochemical baselines mapping project were sent to China’s IGGE (Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration) laboratory and composited to 190 samples according to the 160 km 160 km GNT (Global Terrestrial Network) cells. In addition to the FOREGS elemental analysis package, Au, Pt, Pd, B, Ge, Br, Cl, Se, N, Li and F were also analyzed by using the IGGE’s 76 element analytical scheme. Geochemical data statistics, scatter plotting, and geochemical map compilation techniques have been employed to investigate differences between FOREGS and IGGE analytical results. The results of two datasets, the IGGE’s analysis data for composited samples, and the FOREGS average data of samples in each GNT cell, agree extremely well for about 23 elements, viz: SiO2, Sr, Al2O3, Zr, Ba, Fe2O3, Ti, Rb, Mn, Gd, CaO, Ga, MgO, P, Pb, Na2O, Y, Th, As, U Sc, Cr, and Co. There are slight differences between-laboratory biases shown as proportional errors between the datasets for Ni, K2O, Tb, Tl, Cu, S, Sm, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ta, Nb, Hf, and Dy. For Cd, Cs, Be, Sb, In, Mo, I, Sn, and Te, the correlation of the two datasets and the similarity of the geochemical maps are fairly good, but obvious biases exist between the two datasets at values near detection limits. Sensitivities of FOREGS analytical methods for W, Bi, Sn, Te, Be, and I are insufficient to produce reportable values in at least 80% of the samples. Although the detection limits of Ag for both FOREGS and IGGE are sufficient to provide reportable values, a large bias was found between the two datasets. This study demonstrates that consistent analytical data for certain elements of global geochemical mapping samples can be achieved by different qualified laboratories, such as China’s IGGE laboratory and some European laboratories. For some elements, such as Ag, further research on the selection of the proper analytical methods and on the development of quality control methods should be undertakendwith final recommendations adhered to by all participants of the global geochemical mapping program.     

硫酸铁钾转化法制取硫酸钾

以钛白副产绿矾和氯化钾为原料 ,采取硫酸铁钾转化法制备硫酸钾。该工艺既具有反应时间短、操作控制方便、产品质量符合国标要求等优点 ,又治理了钛白粉厂环境污染 ;既具有一定的经济效益 ,又有一定的社会效益。     

钾石膏法生产硫酸钾的工艺研究

研究了以钛白副产硫酸亚铁和氯化钾为原料,采用钾石膏法,经过共沉淀、酸化、加热转化生成硫酸钾的新工艺。该工艺流程简捷,反应时间短,操作控制方便,无二次污染,产品质量符合国标要求。该方法既能处置钛白粉厂的副产硫酸亚铁,又能给企业带来一定的经济效益,是处理钛白副产硫酸亚铁的一种效理想的方法之一。     

Photodegradation of amaranth in aqueous solution catalyzed by immobilized nanoparticles of titanium dioxide

The use of suspensions of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide in photocatalytic degradation of dye solution has disadvantages of inconvenient separation of fine particles for reuse and limited penetration of light for effective degradation. These problems can be minimized by supporting titanium dioxide on various inert supports. The present study involves the preparation of immobilized titanium dioxide films by three different techniques and characterization of the prepared films. The immobilized films of nanocrystals of titanium dioxide were prepared using sol?Cgel technique, polyvinyl alcohol?Cformaldehyde binder and acrylic emulsion. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared films for degradation of amaranth dye has also been evaluated and compared. Combination of photodegradation and adsorption processes induces strong beneficial effects on removal of dyes. Addition of high adsorption capacity activated carbon to photoactive titanium dioxide in photodegradation of dyes improves the efficiency of dye mineralization. The activated carbon has also been immobilized along with titanium dioxide in the present work to examine the dual effect of photodegradation and adsorption in the removal of amaranth. The films formed with the help of polyvinyl alcohol?Cformaldehyde binder showed better dye degradation capabilities.     

全球钛资源行业发展现状

钛矿是我国对外依存度较高的矿种之一,对我国战略性新兴产业的发展起着重要的支撑作用,对全球钛矿行业的发展现状进行分析与研究,能够为我国钛矿资源安全提供重要研究依据.本文对全球钛资源的储量及分布状况、钛资源的生产和消费情况进行了分析.分析结果显示,我国是钛资源大国,钛储量位居世界第一;但多为共伴生矿,品位不高.钛精矿进口量...     

Photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium with commercial Fe/Ti oxide catalyst under UV and visible light irradiation

The photoreduction efficiency of toxic hexavalent chromium into non-toxic trivalent chromium was studied using local low-cost material and modern technology. The materials involved different iron–titanium oxide nanopowders synthesized via simple hydrothermal–hydrolysis process. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscope were employed to study the structural properties of the as-prepared samples. The effects of molar ratio (Fe/Ti) and hydrothermal temperature on spectroscopic properties have been investigated using Fourier transform infrared FT-IR spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performance of hexavalent chromium was systematically studied at various conditions including initial concentration of Cr(VI), hydrothermal temperature and Fe/Ti ratios of mixed iron–titanium oxide powders. It has been found that the highest photoreduction efficiencies of Cr(VI) were 95.7 and 86.2% at initial concentrations 10 and 60 ppm of Cr(VI), respectively. The synthesized mixed Fe₂O₃–TiO₂ photocatalyst exhibited higher efficiency of about 88% under visible light irradiation. The as-prepared mixed oxide catalyst exhibited high photocatalytic conversion efficiency and recycling stability in comparison with different commercial catalysts.     

ICP-AES法同时测定钛铁矿中钾钠钙镁钡锶锌

采用HCl—HNO3-HF—HClO4,HCl—HNO3-HF—H2SO4敞口和HCl-HNO3-HF—HClO4,HCl-HNO3-HF—H2SO4微波消解4种方法溶矿,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP—AES）测定,建立了钛铁矿中钾、钠、钙、镁、钡、锶、锌等元素的同时测定方法。对电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定的最佳仪器条件及分析谱线进行了选择,并对钛、铁基体的影响、溶矿提取酸度以及溶矿残渣进行了研究。实验结果表明：采用HCl-HNO3-HF-HClO4敞口溶矿,具有检出限低、灵敏度高,操作简便、快速等突出优点。该方法测定值与推荐值基本吻合,分析方法的精密度满足《地质矿产实验室测试质量管理规范》的要求。     

莒县天宝钛铁矿尾矿选钛的工艺研究

近年来国家对钛的需求越来越大,从钛铁矿中选钛成为急需解决的的问题。莒县天宝钛铁矿通过重磁联合选矿方法从尾矿中选钛,有效地回收了钛资源,增加了产品品种,拉长了产业链,实现了资源的综合利用,减少了污染和土地占用,保护了环境。     

中祁连大白石头沟钛铁矿床地质特征与成因探讨

大白石头沟地区位于中祁连托莱南山北缘,大地构造位置处于中祁连岩浆弧带,成矿区带属于加里东期钨、稀有金属、铜（钛、锑、金）成矿带.钛磁铁矿化体主要产于古元古代托赖岩群片麻岩段、中元古代湟中群磨石沟组片岩段和石英岩段内,矿化体受岩性控制明显,并具多期成矿的特点.通过对钛矿物的岩相观察、电子探针成分分析及人工重砂分析,厘定了钛矿物以钛磁铁矿为主,含少量钛铁矿和微量金红石等.通过深入研究钛磁铁矿成矿地质征及赋存状态,认为：1）矿化类型属于火山喷流-沉积型;2）伟晶岩体不是成矿物质来源,成矿物质最大可能来源于火山喷发带来的富钛质超基性—基性火山岩,且为早期分离结晶后堆晶而成.经大量文献资料查证,在中祁连大白石头沟地区发现钛磁铁矿化体尚属首次,因此本研究成果可为后续的勘查及相关工作提供理论依据.     

钛迁移成矿地球化学模式新探索

通过对钛氢化物和钛合金氢化物的形成条件及理化特征、钛矿物的价态及化学成分、钛矿物的共伴生矿物组合、有关矿物中钛的固态包裹体及流体包裹体气相成分的研讨,考虑到氢在地球形成演化中的作用与重大贡献,认为:钛氢化物、钛合金氢化物是钛的重要迁移形式,它们随岩浆、热液从地球深部迁移至地球浅部,在较还原环境形成自然钛、低价钛矿物,在较氧化环境形成钛的高价矿物,并可在有利部位富集形成钛矿床。     

扩散年代学：进展与展望

地质年代学为地球与行星科学研究提供时间坐标,以定量解析地质过程先后关系和时间尺度。历经百余年发展,定年技术在研究对象、测试效率、空间分辨率和时间分辨率等维度均得到大幅度提高,地质年代学研究已从仅提供时代约束过渡到更加强调对地质过程时间尺度与节律的研究,进而约束地质事件的驱动机制和互馈机理。然而,基于放射性同位素衰变的绝对定年技术精度存在物理极限,不能无限提高,且其时间分辨率一般随年龄增加而变差,难以满足深时地质研究的高时间分辨率需求,发展时间分辨率不受绝对年龄约束的相对定年技术是地质年代学的重要发展方向。本文围绕扩散年代学这一具有重要发展前景的相对定年技术,在系统回顾其理论模型和测量技术的基础上,重点对制约扩散年代学准确性和精确性的问题,如扩散系数的不确定性、扩散初始条件假设、浓度曲线的测试质量以及误差评估等进行了探讨。本文还对扩散年代学近年来在岩浆储存与运移、成矿时间尺度与节律和变质过程等领域取得的部分重要进展予以评述。精确的扩散系数是开展扩散年代学研究的前提,以石英中的Ti为例,不同实验给出的扩散系数差异超过3个数量级,据此计算的花岗岩岩浆在固相线上的储存时间从几十年变化到百万年尺度,显著影响我们对岩浆储存状态的理解。高质量的元素浓度剖面测量是扩散年代学的关键,因石英Ti含量的高空间分辨率精准测量较为困难,CL灰度常被作为Ti含量的替代指标,但这需要考虑Al等元素对CL灰度的影响,并严格评估Ti含量校正曲线和扩散剖面空间尺度不匹配对定年结果的影响。高温变质过程U Pb定年通常给出较为离散的表观年龄,并被解释为变质过程具有较长的持续时间,这一定程度上可以通过高温下同位素体系因扩散引起的不封闭予以解释。展望未来,进一步完善扩散年代学在高温体系中的研究,拓展在中低温条件下的应用,并与绝对定年深度结合,是扩散年代学的重要发展方向,也是实现深时地质研究高时间分辨率解析的必由之路。