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1.
印度洋金枪鱼渔业现状   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
报道了印度洋海域金枪鱼渔业近十年的生产概况,结果显示,印度洋金枪鱼渔业从业国家和地区已达40个,从业国家(地区)中以欧共体、印度尼西亚、印度、伊朗、斯里兰卡、中国台湾、马尔代夫等所占份额较高,以2000年计占当年印度洋金枪鱼渔业总产量的68.17%。产量140万吨,以金枪鱼类所占份额最高.主要金枪鱼渔获种类依次为鲣、黄鳍金枪鱼和大眼金枪鱼,主要渔业方式为金枪鱼围网、刺网及延绳钓。中国在印度洋海域金枪鱼渔业中年占份额较小,捕捞产量从1995年的444吨逐渐上升到2000年的6408吨。  相似文献   

2.
金枪鱼渔业作为远洋渔业和海洋经济的重要组成部分,在世界远洋渔业中占有重要的经济地位。然而,我国金枪鱼渔业起步较晚,国际竞争形势激烈,对我国金枪鱼渔业发展造成了极大阻碍。文章运用市场占有率(MS)、贸易专业化指数(TSC)等分析各个国家和地区的竞争绩效和竞争态势。结论如下:(1)金枪鱼国际生产和贸易垄断集中程度降低,竞争的有效性不断加强;(2)泰国在金枪鱼加工产品贸易上具有优势,我国生鲜或冷藏的金枪鱼贸易专业化指数趋近于-1,贸易竞争力较为薄弱;(3)印度尼西亚由于地处金枪鱼资源丰富的海域,在金枪鱼所有产品的贸易专业化程度上都具有较强的优势。  相似文献   

3.
南方蓝鳍金枪鱼渔业和生物学的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
南方蓝鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus maccoyii)是金枪鱼渔业的重要经济鱼种,历史上其全球年产量曾达到8万t水平[1]。由于长期的过度开发,近年来资源衰退严重,渔获量不断下降,各国已纷纷提出并实施一些养护措施[2~4]。目前中国正大力开发远洋金枪鱼渔业,而国内对南方蓝鳍金枪鱼的专项研究匮  相似文献   

4.
大西洋大眼金枪鱼渔业概况   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
大西洋大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)是高经济价值鱼种,其分布几乎覆盖整个大西洋水域。研究大西洋大眼金枪鱼的渔业对于我国远洋渔业意义重大。所以在此对其渔业及资源状况进行研究。根据三种主要渔业(延绳钓、围网和竿钓)的渔获量,可看出大眼金枪鱼渔业的发展概况。为了分析资源状况,文中使用了Waltirs and Hilborn(1976)产量模型。其结果是99.6千公吨的最大持续产量和114.7  相似文献   

5.
吴溪 《海洋世界》2008,(4):26-30
参与国际海洋生物普查(Census of Marine Life)的海洋历史学家详细描述了1900—1950年北欧迅猛发展的渔业及其最终导致的结果——北欧周边海域蓝鳍金枪鱼种群数骤减。 遭到打击的不仅是北欧周边海域的蓝鳍金枪鱼,大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼、太平洋蓝鳍金枪鱼、澳大利亚蓝鳍金枪鱼皆难逃厄运。 蓝鳍金枪鱼已经成为世界上最濒危的物种之一。  相似文献   

6.
张仁斋 《海洋学报》1983,5(3):368-375
有关南海金枪鱼类的生产和调查研究,早在40年代我台湾省渔民做过不少工作,大陆沿海过去一直没有发展大型金枪鱼钓渔业,只在海南岛、南海北部有少数拖毛钓和地拉网捕获小型金枪鱼类,最早用机轮捕捞金枪鱼类,首推1953-1954年南海水产公司的金枪鱼钓船,在北纬14°以北较深海区试捕过.1968年5月-1968年6月泰国渔业调查船2号,在北纬6°-16°,东经109°-119°范围,从事过金枪鱼类延绳钓作业.  相似文献   

7.
王宇 《海洋信息》1997,(9):15-17
1 生产地位 我国台湾省的金枪鱼渔业,不仅在台湾远洋渔业中成为最重要的渔业,无论产量或产值均居远洋渔业的首位,而且在世界的金枪鱼渔业中也占有重要地位(表1、2)。  相似文献   

8.
金枪鱼渔业作为远洋渔业和海洋经济的重要组成部分,其发展受到各远洋渔业大国的高度重视和大力扶持。文章基于SCP分析范式,从市场结构、市场行为及市场绩效3个范畴研究金枪鱼渔业产业组织的结构特征,分析影响金枪鱼渔业市场结构的因素,探究市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效三者的关系。研究发现:金枪鱼国际生产和贸易垄断集中程度降低,市场竞争的有效性不断加强;金枪鱼的市场结构受到市场集中度、产品差别化,进入和退出壁垒的影响;金枪鱼渔业市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效之间存在相互影响关系。文章最后为我国发展金枪鱼渔业,提升国际竞争力提出了发挥渔业管理组织牵头作用,共同维护金枪鱼市场有效竞争;积极促进企业发展,提高生产研发能力,立足国际市场;创造良好国际环境,切实为金枪鱼渔业发展保驾护航等建议。  相似文献   

9.
我国远洋渔业的拓展前景和对策   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
我国远洋渔业的拓展前景和对策王宇潘荣和(农业部远洋渔业发展研究中心)(一)我国远洋渔业持续发展前景预测通过对我国远洋渔业现状,世界海洋渔业资源潜力和主要渔业国家及地区远洋渔业发展态势的分析,我们至少可以得到以下几点认识:(1)经过10余年的发展,我国...  相似文献   

10.
热带太平洋中南部上层鱼类的种间关系研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
热带太平洋是世界主要的金枪鱼渔场,具有丰富的大洋渔业资源,但是目前对该区域鱼类生物群落特征的认识却十分缺乏。本文根据我国金枪鱼渔业科学观察员海上观测数据,对热带太平洋中南部海域31种上层鱼类的种间关系进行了研究,从总体关联性、种对间关联性和相关性3个方面,对种间关系进行了分析。结果表明:31个鱼种在总体上存在显著的正关联。由31个鱼种组成的465个种对中,288对为正联结,其中显著(P0.05)正联结53对;177对为负联结,其中显著(P0.05)负联结仅为6对。根据Pearson相关系数检验,该465个种对中,大部分种对的相关性不显著,但有36个种对的正相关极其显著(P0.01)。作为金枪鱼延绳钓渔业目标鱼种的大眼金枪鱼,与10个兼捕种类(黄鳍金枪鱼、长鳍金枪鱼、剑鱼、凹尾长鳍乌鲂、异鳞蛇鲭、蛇鲭、鲣鱼、蓝枪鱼、长鳍真鲨、红棱鲂)虽呈显著(P0.05)正联结,但相关性不显著。从本文结果推断,本海域大部分上层鱼类的栖息地空间或生态位存在一定的重叠,但重叠程度可能不高。在受关注的鲨鱼类中,镰状真鲨与大眼金枪鱼的种间相关性最大,表明其受主捕大眼金枪鱼的延绳钓渔业的影响可能较其它鲨鱼大。  相似文献   

11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ~200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ~380 km from the coast at a depth of ~250 m above the sea level.  相似文献   

12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.  相似文献   

13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

14.
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.  相似文献   

16.
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.  相似文献   

17.
The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers.  相似文献   

18.
The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene.  相似文献   

19.
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.  相似文献   

20.
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates.  相似文献   

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