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1.
在新藏公路奇台达坂东约10krn、海拔5600m的晚三叠世花岗岩之上发现厚约10m的玄武岩和粗面英安岩.地球化学数据显示,该火山岩高碱,富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,Eu中等负异常,高Sr,低Nd,属钾玄岩系列,可能源于壳幔混合层.测定全岩~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄为8.27Ma±0.32Ma(900~1400℃,~(39)Ar累积释放量为66%),与受火山岩烘烤后花岗岩的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄(7.9Ma±1.0Ma)在误差范围内一致,表明该火山岩喷发于约8Ma的晚中新世,与相邻的大红柳滩火山岩的时代(7.97Ma±0.14Ma)相近.新藏公路奇台达坂晚中新世火山岩的发现丰富了青藏高原西北缘晚新生代岩浆活动的资料,表明在晚中新世-上新世康西瓦-泉水沟一带火山活动非常频繁,并显示火山活动与大型断裂带运动的关系非常密切. 相似文献
2.
乌兰浩特地区出露一套以辉石安山岩为主的中性火山岩组合.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,该套火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄为130.0±1.5 Ma和129.9±1.4 Ma,表明其形成于早白垩世.辉石安山岩SiO2含量为57.84%~60.86%,Al2O3含量为16.49%~17.76%,A/CNK>1.1,属过铝质岩石;ALK值为11.19%~11.87%,σ为1.08~1.98;∑REE为(128.69~145.06)× 10-6,(La/Sm)N为4.64~5.24,(La/Yb)N为6.58~8.09,轻稀土元素富集程度高且轻、重稀土元素分馏明显;Eu异常不明显,大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr富集,高场强元素Nb、Ti、P、Ta亏损,推断该中性火山岩的形成与蒙古—鄂霍次克洋闭合陆壳加厚之后的岩石圈伸展有关. 相似文献
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在新藏公路奇台达坂东约10km、海拔5600m的晚三叠世花岗岩之上发现厚约10m的玄武岩和粗面英安岩。地球化学数据显示,该火山岩高碱,富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,Eu中等负异常,高Sr,低Nd,属钾玄岩系列,可能源于壳幔混合层。测定全岩40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为8.27Ma±0.32Ma(900~1400℃, 39Ar累积释放量为66%),与受火山岩烘烤后花岗岩的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄(7.9Ma±1.0Ma)在误差范围内一致,表明该火山岩喷发于约8Ma的晚中新世,与相邻的大红柳滩火山岩的时代(7.97Ma±0.14Ma)相近。新藏公路奇台达坂晚中新世火山岩的发现丰富了青藏高原西北缘晚新生代岩浆活动的资料,表明在晚中新世—上新世康西瓦—泉水沟一带火山活动非常频繁,并显示火山活动与大型断裂带运动的关系非常密切。 相似文献
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内蒙古赤峰敖汉旗一带的朝吐沟组火山岩由变玄武岩、变流纹岩组成,是一套典型的"双峰式"火山岩组合。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年方法,获得了流纹岩的锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为(359±1)Ma和(360±1)Ma,形成于晚泥盆世法门期。火山岩的Si O2含量分布在46.24%~56.6%和77.59%~85.75%,分别属于变玄武岩(玄武安山岩)和变流纹岩。变玄武岩(玄武安山岩)轻稀土元素弱富集而重稀土元素略亏损,(La/Yb)N=2.4~8.76,有弱Eu负异常,富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,Nb、Ta、Ti有明显负异常,87Sr/86Sr初始比值为0.705076~0.707770,具有高的正εNd(t)值(+0.51~+4.90)和年轻的模式年龄TDM(964~1090 Ma),推断其源于遭受地壳物质混染的亏损地幔;变流纹岩富硅、钾和钠,贫镁,具有轻稀土元素富集而重稀土元素略亏损,(La/Yb)N=7.07~11.07,有强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.12~0.43),Ti、P、Sr、Ba相对强烈亏损,Nb、Ta亏损,Rb、Th、U、K相对富集;其87Sr/86Sr初始比值为0.713757~0.739647,εNd(t)值为-1.75~+2.54),和年轻的模式年龄TDM(846~1156 Ma);多数锆石的εHf(t)为-2.3~+6.9,年轻的模式年龄TDM(707~1074 Ma),具有A型花岗岩的特征,推测其来源为新元古代时新生的年轻陆壳。综合前人区域研究成果、地球化学特征,朝吐沟组"双峰式"火山岩形成于晚泥盆世板内伸展构造背景。 相似文献
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在新藏公路奇台达坂东约10km、海拔5600m的晚三叠世花岗岩之上发现厚约10m的玄武岩和粗面英安岩。地球化学数据显示,该火山岩高碱,富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,Eu中等负异常,高Sr,低Nd,属钾玄岩系列,可能源于壳幔混合层。测定全岩40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为8.27Ma±0.32Ma(900~1400℃, 39Ar累积释放量为66%),与受火山岩烘烤后花岗岩的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄(7.9Ma±1.0Ma)在误差范围内一致,表明该火山岩喷发于约8Ma的晚中新世,与相邻的大红柳滩火山岩的时代(7.97Ma±0.14Ma)相近。新藏公路奇台达坂晚中新世火山岩的发现丰富了青藏高原西北缘晚新生代岩浆活动的资料,表明在晚中新世—上新世康西瓦—泉水沟一带火山活动非常频繁,并显示火山活动与大型断裂带运动的关系非常密切。 相似文献
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额尔古纳地区塔木兰沟组火山岩的岩石地球化学成分显示其以粗安岩为主,少量安山岩和玄武安山岩。该组火山岩SiO_2含量为53.47%~58.50%,全碱含量为[w(K_2O+Na_2O)]4.27%~7.68%,w(MgO)=1.76%~4.03%,Mg~#=0.34~0.51;微量元素分析表明,稀土元素配分模式呈轻稀土富集右倾型,轻重稀土元素分馏较强[(La/Yb)_N=16.35~33.73],富集Rb、Ba、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素(HFSE),Eu负异常不明显(δEu=0.89~0.92)。地球化学等特征表明塔木兰沟组火山岩未经受明显的地壳物质混染,岩浆来源于俯冲流体交代形成的富集岩石圈地幔,经历了以分离结晶作用为主导的演化过程。综合研究认为,额尔古纳地区塔木兰沟组火山岩形成于岩石圈伸展构造环境,与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的后造山伸展体制有关。 相似文献
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内蒙古北山地区咸水沟一带红柳园组火山岩岩性为细碧岩、玄武岩、流纹岩,具双峰式岩浆组合特征.基性岩稀土元素总量∑REE(包括Y元素)变化于123×10-6~217×10-6之间,轻稀土明显富集((La/Yb)N=2.42~4.74).在原始地幔标准化的蛛网图中,Nb、Ta、Ti元素明显亏损;具有高的Th/Nb比值(3.14~10.2)和低的Nb/La比值(0.3~0.7<1);Mgo和Cr、Ni总体呈正相关关系,反映了橄榄石±辉石的结晶分异作用.细碧岩εHf(t)值变化于6.0~11.5,表明岩浆来源于亏损地幔,两阶段模式年龄(TDM2=631~982 Ma)明显大于其结晶年龄,结合εHf(t)值揭示出岩浆源区受到地壳物质混染的可能.流纹岩具有向强过铝质岩石过渡趋势(A/CNK=1.08~1.32),稀土元素总量∑REE(包括Y元素)较高(133×10-6~383×10-6),轻稀土明显富集((La/Yb)N=4.5~8.0),Eu负异常强烈(δEu=0.1~0.5);Ga/Al比值(10000*Ga/Al=1.8~4.2)较高,具A型花岗岩特征.其下部细碧岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年表明其形成年龄为359.9±1.4 Ma.咸水沟红柳园组基性岩的形成表明北山地区在石炭纪早期幔源岩浆活动非常强烈,这些幔源岩浆的底侵导致了浅部地壳发生脱水熔融形成具有A型花岗岩特征的酸性火山岩.地质与地球化学特征表明,咸水沟红柳园组火山岩形成于裂谷构造背景. 相似文献
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古坡一带新发现中寒武世高镁安山岩,位于秦岭造山带西段商丹缝合带关子镇蛇绿混杂岩中,其岩石组合为玄武安山岩、安山岩、辉石石英闪长岩等。这些岩石具有较高的SiO2(54.27%~58.47%)、MgO(6.89%~8.99%)含量和Mg#值(61.29~67.05),较低的TiO2(0.27%~0.99%)含量和TFeO/MgO值(0.88~1.13)。稀土元素总量较低(16.59×10-6~74.5×10-6),稀土元素配分曲线总体为平坦型或微右倾型,(La/Yb)N值为1.03~4.93,无明显Eu异常。岩石富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、Ba、K、U等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Hf等,具有较低的Ti/V值。上述岩石地球化学特征与日本西南Setouchi岛弧火山岩带的sanukite(赞岐岩)类似,其岩浆可能为俯冲深积物熔融产生熔体与上覆地幔楔橄榄岩平衡反应成因。与古坡变质玄武安山岩密切共生的辉石石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为514±4.5 Ma,为中寒武世。关子镇蛇绿混杂岩中古坡玄武安山岩/辉石石英闪长岩-安山岩岩石系列为形成于俯冲环境的高镁安山岩组合。研究结果为商丹洋在中寒武世俯冲作用提供了证据。 相似文献
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内蒙古东南部巴林右旗地区发育晚二叠世埃达克质火山岩,岩石组合为安山岩、粗安岩、英安岩及辉石安山岩,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果为256.7±2.7Ma,指示其形成于晚二叠世。地球化学特征显示,该套火山岩属准铝质-弱铝质中钾钙碱性岩石系列,具富Si(SiO_256%)、高Al(Al_2O_315%)、富Na、贫K、高Sr、低Yb和Y等特征,Na_2O/K_2O值为2.33~3.90,Mg~#值为35.3~60.8;稀土元素总量为96.69×10~(-6)~192.4×10~(-6)、轻重稀土元素分馏较明显((La/Yb)_N值为6.27~13.82),具正的Eu(δEu=1~1.67)异常,在原始地幔标准化蛛网图中,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、U,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,为O型(大洋型)埃达克质火山岩地球化学特征。综合区域资料,巴林右旗埃达克质火山岩是残留在地幔中的古亚洲洋残余洋壳部分熔融并受到地幔橄榄岩混染形成的,暗示晚二叠世存在古亚洲洋向华北板块俯冲消亡事件。 相似文献
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《矿物岩石》2017,(2)
针对塔吾尔别克金矿区赋矿火山岩展开的岩相学和主量、微量及稀土元素地球化学研究,结果显示:该区火山岩w(SiO_2)为48.93%~62.24%,w(K_2O)在1.05%~4.03%,w(TiO_2)为0.55%~0.86%,w(MgO)为2.28%~7.98%,w(Al_2O_3)介于12.04%~17.52%,w(Na_2O+K_2O)值为3.39%~5.59%,里特曼指数σ变化于1.49~2.45,显示钙碱系列火山岩;在TAS图解中该区火山岩样品分布在玄武安山岩—安山岩—英安岩区域;微量元素分析表明,岩石轻稀土相对富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特点(LREE/HREE=4.72~6.55),且具有明显的的Eu负异常(δEu=0.35~0.67);火山岩整体富集LREE,U,Th,大离子亲石元素Rb,K;亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,P,Ti;是岛弧岩浆作用的典型地球化学标志。在火山岩La/Yb-Sc/Ti判别图解上,表明火山岩的构造环境与大陆边缘弧密切相关。结合区域构造背景和岩石地球化学特征,推测构造背景可能为俯冲带大陆边缘弧环境。 相似文献
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Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明:玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
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在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明:玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
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以出露在西藏南木林县秦马弄地区二长花岗岩体为研究对象,从野外地质调查、岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、元素和Lu-Hf同位素地球化学等方面对其进行了分析研究。结果显示:秦马弄地区二长花岗岩体类似于A型花岗岩,形成于古近纪(E1),其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(62.0±0.5)~(63.0±0.5) Ma;岩体形成的温度较高(锆石饱和温度为745~805 ℃,平均766 ℃);岩石富SiO2(72.6%~75.0%)、Na2O(2.86%~3.59%)和K2O(4.12%~5.25%),贫CaO(0.72%~1.39%)和MgO(0.26%~0.36%),高FeOT/MgO值(7.26~10.3),属高钾钙碱性系列,弱过铝质;岩石具明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.40~0.70),普遍表现出Ba、Sr、P、Ti元素的亏损和Rb、Th、K、Zr、Hf元素的富集。εHf(t)值为-4.7~-1.8,其两阶段地壳Hf模式年龄tDM2为(1.1~1.3) Ga。秦马弄A型花岗岩体是冈底斯基底地壳物质部分熔融的岩浆产物,形成于古近纪印度板块与欧亚板块俯冲碰撞引起的总体为岛弧背景下的局部拉张构造环境。 相似文献
17.
扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
18.
I. A. Tararin V. M. Chubarov E. K. Ignat’ev S. V. Moskaleva 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2007,1(1):82-97
The geology and mineralogy of host metamorphic rocks, the mineralogy of sulfide ores, and the distribution of PGE mineralization were studied in detail for the Kvinum-1 and Kvinum-2 copper-nickel occurrences of the Kvinum ore field, which are the most promising targets for the copper-nickel-PGE mineralization of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka. It was established that stringer-disseminated and massive copper-nickel ores are localized in amphibole peridotites, cortlandites, and form ore bodies varying from tens of centimeters to 5–20 m thick among the layered cortlandite-gabbroid massifs. The massive sulfide ores were found only at the bottom of cortlandite bodies and upsection grade into stringer-disseminated and disseminated ores. Pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and pentlandite are the major ore minerals with a sharply subordinate amount of pyrite, sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, and löllingite. Besides pentlandite, the Ni-bearing minerals include sulforasenides (gersdorffite), arsenides (nickeline), and tellurides (melonite) of nickel. It was found that PGE mineralization represented by antimonides (sudburyite) and tellurobismuthides (michenerite) of Pd with sharply subordinate platinum arsenide (sperrylite) is confined to the apical parts of massive sulfide zones and the transition zone to the stringer-disseminated ores. Ore intervals enriched in arsenides and tellurides of Ni, Pd, and Bi contain high-purity gold. In the central parts of the orebodies, the contents of PGE and native gold are insignificant. It is suggested that the contents of major sulfide minerals and the productivity of PGE mineralization in the cortlandites are defined by combined differentiation and sulfurization of ultramafic derivatives under the effect of fluids, which are accumulated at the crystallization front and cause layering of parental magmas with different sulfur contents. The fluid-assisted layering of mafic-ultramafic massifs resulted in the contrasting distribution of PGM in response to uneven distribution of sulfur (as well as As, Te, and Bi) during liquid immiscibility. The productivity of PGE mineralization significantly increases with increasing contents of S, As, Te, and Bi (elements to which Pt and, especially, Pd have high affinity) in fluids. 相似文献
19.
A geophysical survey was conducted to determine the depth of the base of the water-table aquifer in the southern part of
Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA. Audio-magnetotellurics (AMT) measurements at 77 sites in the study area yielded electrical-resistivity
logs of the subsurface, and these were used to infer lithologic changes with depth. A 100–600 ohm-m geoelectric layer, designated
the Jackson aquifer, was used to represent surficial saturated, unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age. The median depth
of the base of the Jackson aquifer is estimated to be 200 ft (61 m), based on 62 sites that had sufficient resistivity data.
AMT-measured values were kriged to predict the depth to the base of the aquifer throughout the southern part of Jackson Hole.
Contour maps of the kriging predictions indicate that the depth of the base of the Jackson aquifer is shallow in the central
part of the study area near the East and West Gros Ventre Buttes, deeper in the west near the Teton fault system, and shallow
at the southern edge of Jackson Hole. Predicted, contoured depths range from 100 ft (30 m) in the south, near the confluences
of Spring Creek and Flat Creek with the Snake River, to 700 ft (210 m) in the west, near the town of Wilson, Wyoming.
Received, May 1997 · Revised, February 1998 · Accepted, April 1998 相似文献