Origin of the early Permian Wajilitag igneous complex and associated Fe–Ti oxide mineralization in the Tarim large igneous province,NW China

The Wajilitag igneous complex is part of the early Permian Tarim large igneous province in NW China, and is composed of a layered mafic–ultramafic intrusion and associated syenitic plutons. In order to better constrain its origin, and the conditions of associated Fe–Ti oxide mineralization, we carried out an integrated study of mineralogical, geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic analyses on selected samples. The Wajilitag igneous rocks have an OIB-like compositional affinity, similar to the coeval mafic dykes in the Bachu region. The layered intrusion consists of olivine clinopyroxenite, coarse-grained clinopyroxenite, fine-grained clinopyroxenite and gabbro from the base upwards. Fe–Ti oxide ores are mainly hosted in fine-grained clinopyroxenite. Forsterite contents in olivines from the olivine clinopyroxenite range from 71 to 76 mol%, indicating crystallization from an evolved magma. Reconstructed composition of the parental magma of the layered intrusion is Fe–Ti-rich, similar to that of the Bachu mafic dykes. Syenite and quartz syenite plutons have ε_Nd(t) values ranging from +1.4 to +2.9, identical to that for the layered intrusion. They may have formed by differentiation of underplated magmas at depth and subsequent fractional crystallization. Magnetites enclosed in olivines and clinopyroxenes have Cr₂O₃ contents higher than those interstitial to silicates in the layered intrusion. This suggests that the Cr-rich magnetite is an early crystallized phase, whereas interstitial magnetite may have accumulated from evolved Fe–Ti-rich melts that percolated through a crystal mush. Low V content in Cr-poor magnetite (<6600 ppm) is consistent with an estimate of oxygen fugacity of FMQ + 1.1 to FMQ + 3.5. We propose that accumulation of Fe–Ti oxides during the late stage of magmatic differentiation may have followed crystallization of Fe–Ti-melt under high fO₂ and a volatile-rich condition.     

Zircon U–Pb ages and Hf–O isotopic signatures of the Wajilitag and Puchang Fe–Ti oxide–bearing intrusive complexes: Constraints on their source characteristics and temporal–spatial evolution of the Tarim large igneous province

The Wajilitag and Puchang igneous complexes host two known economic Fe–Ti oxide deposits in the recently recognized Tarim large igneous province (TLIP). The Wajilitag complex comprises clinopyroxenite and melagabbro, whereas the Puchang complex is generally gabbroic and anorthositic in lithology apart from minor plagioclase-bearing clinopyroxenites in the marginal contact zone. The Fe–Ti oxide ores are disseminated throughout the Wajilitag complex and principally restricted to the ultramafic unit, whereas the Puchang complex contains massive to disseminated Fe–Ti oxide ores mainly hosted within the gabbroic rocks. Both secondary ion mass spectroscopy and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry U–Pb dating of zircon grains from the Wajilitag and Puchang complexes yield U–Pb zircon ages of ca. 283 Ma and ca. 275 Ma, respectively, clearly indicating that there were two independent episodes of the magmatic events related to Fe–Ti oxide mineralization in the TLIP. The new zircon U–Pb ages of intrusive rocks studied here, coupled with available geochronological data from elsewhere in the TLIP, show a long duration of magmatism (up to 30 Myr), although the precise age of the TLIP remains to be determined. The two complexes are late-stage events that notably postdate most, if not all, the basaltic lava flows. Furthermore, the occurrence of the earliest manifestation (e.g., ca. 300 Ma kimberlitic rocks) of a proposed mantle plume in the Bachu area and the potential temporal migration of the late-stage magmatism from the Bachu and Keping areas to the edges of the Tarim Craton, indicate a possible plume centre near the Bachu–Keping district. The ε_Hf(t) values of zircons from each complex show a range of several ε_Hf(t) units (Wajilitag: + 2.7 to + 9.2, Puchang: − 5.2 to + 2.6), probably suggesting late-stage crustal contamination in magma chambers at the time of zircon saturation. Unlike the Lu–Hf isotopic system, the zircons may preserve the original O isotope signature of their mantle sources. The increase of O isotopic composition from the Wajilitag complex (δ¹⁸O = 5.2–5.9‰) to the Puchang complex (δ¹⁸O = 5.6–7.1‰), indicates a relatively high proportion of recycled subduction-related materials (e.g., eclogite and garnet pyroxenite) incorporated into the subcontinental lithospheric mantle source for the Puchang intrusive rocks. Partial melting of the refertilized subcontinental lithospheric mantle with the involvement of garnet-bearing mafic components can be of great importance for the formation of parental Fe-rich magmas and ultimately Fe–Ti oxide deposits. This observation is consistent with the occurrence of some mineralized LIPs (e.g., Emeishan) in formerly active convergent plate margins of ancient cratonic blocks, contributing to a global understanding valuable to exploration efforts.     

塔里木北缘及邻区海西期碱性岩岩石化学特征及其大地构造意义

塔里木地台北缘及邻区发育一套以正长岩、石英正长岩、霓辉正长岩、霓霞正长岩、碱性花岗岩类为代表，包括碱性辉长岩、碱长花岗岩、霓辉花岗岩、角闪正长岩、碱性辉石闪长岩、煌斑岩等类岩石在内的碱性侵入岩体．它们具有近东西向的带状分布特征．主体形成于海西期．相当于泥盆-二叠纪．钾钠含量较高，具有碱性岩类的岩石化学特征．构成一条碱性侵入岩带．其时空分布与北山-阿拉善地区的碱性岩带基本一致．该碱性岩带反映出在泥盆-二叠纪期间．塔里木地台北缘及邻区处于造山期后的拉张构造环境．     

塔里木大火成岩省瓦吉里塔格霞石岩铂族元素地球化学特征

作为塔里木大火成岩省形成最晚的火成岩,新疆巴楚瓦吉里塔格霞石岩的岩浆源区性质的确定对于揭示塔里木大火成岩省的深部地质过程具有重要的约束作用。对瓦吉里塔格霞石岩的铂族元素地球化学特征进行了研究,铂族元素(PGE)分析结果显示,原始地幔标准化的PGE呈正斜率型分布,且Pd/Ir值高于原始地幔比值,说明霞石岩的铂族元素发生了分异。霞石岩全岩的PGE与Mg O呈正相关,Pd/Ir、Cu/Pd与Mg O则呈负相关,说明PGE的分异主要受到橄榄石的结晶分异作用控制,也是其Cu/Pd值极高及岩浆S饱和的因素之一,同时Cu/Pd值说明霞石岩岩浆为硫饱和岩浆,但是没有因素导致岩浆S过饱和进而发生硫化物的熔离。与其他大火成岩省岩石相比,瓦吉里塔格霞石岩极度亏损PGE,SCSS(硫承载量)计算结果表明母岩浆在形成之初就发生S过饱和,主要是地幔低程度部分熔融造成的,据此认为地幔源区的部分熔融程度在塔里木大火成岩省Cu-Ni硫化物铂族元素矿床形成过程中起着至关重要的作用。     

Geochemical characteristics and zircon U-Pb isotopic ages of island-arc basic igneous complexes from the Tianshui area in West Qinling

The Liushuigou intermediate-basic meta-igneous complex at Guanzizhen, Tianshui area, is mainly composed of metagabbro, metagabbro diorite and metadiorite, while the Baihua basic meta-igneous complex consists mainly of pyroxenite, gabbro (gabbro diorite), diorite and quartz diorite. They form a relatively complete comagmatic evolutionary series. The geochemical characteristics of intermediate-basic igneous rocks indicate that they belong to a tholeiite suite. Their chondrite-normalized REE patterns are nearly flat and are LREE-slightly enriched type, and their primitive mantle-normalized and MORB-normalized trace element spider-grams are generally similar; the LILEs Cs, Ba, Sr, Th and U are enriched, while Rb and K and the HFSEs Nb, P, Zr, Sm, Ti and Y are depleted. All these show comagmatic evolutionary and genetic characteristics. The tectonic environment discrimination by trace element reveals that these igneous complexes formed in an island-arc setting. The Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) single-grain zircon U-Pb age for the Liushuigou intermediate-basic meta-igneous rocks in the Guanzizhen area is (507.5±3.0) Ma, representing the age of these igneous complexes, which indicates that island-arc-type magmatite rocks in the northern zone of West Qinling are Late Cambrian and also reveals that the timing of subduction of the paleo-ocean basin represented by the Guanzizhen ophiolite and resulting island-arc-type magmatic activity are probably Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician. Translated from Geology in China, 2005, 32(4): 529–540 [译自: 中国地质]     

Late Paleozoic tectonic -magmatic evolution history of the northeastern ChinaSCIEI北大核心CSCD

Northeastern China is suited in the eastern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and it is mainly composed of Erguna Massif, Xing'an Massif, Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range Massif, Jiamusi Massif, and Nadanhada Terrane. The Late Paleozoic magmatism was relatively intense accompanied with multiple stages of amalgamation in several microcontinents, therefore these magmatic products are an important media in recording the Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution history of the northeastern China. According to the petrological, geochronological, and geochemical characteristics of Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in the northeastern China, we found that the Late Paleozoic magmatism was based on Carboniferous -Permian igneous rocks. The Early Carboniferous magmatic products are gabbro, diorite and granite, the Late Carboniferous magmatic products are mainly composed of granitoids with minor gabbro, and the Permian magmatic products are mainly granitoids. Meanwhile, these Late Paleozoic igneous rocks mostly exhibit typical arc characteristics. In addition, the Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces are mainly Permian granitoids with minor gabbro, and these Permian igneous rocks show typical arc characteristics. Combined with petrological, geochronological, geochemical and isotopic characteristics, we suggest that the Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in the Great Xing'an Range and eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces underwent different magmatic evolution history, and the microcontinents in NE China had different crustal growth history.     

水泉沟杂岩体的地质学和岩石学研究

水泉沟岩体为岩浆成因,岩体的侵位深度2~3km,侵位时代为印支期,划分为4种岩石组合.水泉沟岩体是一个钾质-高钾质的钙碱性、弱碱性和碱性岩石共存的杂岩体.岩石化学成分变异图解证明岩浆存在两种演化趋势,一是酸性演化趋势:辉石闪长岩→角闪二长岩(包括二长岩)→石英碱长正长岩→碱长花岗岩;二是碱性演化趋势:正长岩→霓辉正长岩→碱长正长岩.同时也探讨了这两种演化趋势的内在机理.     

安徽龙桥铁矿床辉长闪长岩的发现及其岩石学和年代学研究

龙桥铁矿床是长江中下游成矿带内的大型铁矿床,主矿体呈似层状赋存于三叠系东马鞍山组泥灰岩、角砾状灰岩和泥质粉砂岩中,单个矿体铁矿石资源量大于1亿吨,具有鲜明的成矿特色。前人研究认为,矿区内正长岩类侵入岩与成矿关系密切,龙桥矿床是成矿带内唯一与正长岩有关的大型铁矿床。随着生产勘探,在矿床中部井下巷道中发现辉长闪长岩侵入体,为矿床成因以及成矿模式提供了新的线索。文章在详细的野外地质工作基础上,开展了辉长闪长岩的岩石学、地球化学和年代学研究。辉长闪长岩岩体呈岩株状产出,被正长岩体穿切破坏,靠近矿体部位发育透辉石矽卡岩化蚀变。辉长闪长岩主要由拉长石(60%)、钾长石(10%)、普通辉石(10%)和角闪石(5%)组成;与正长岩相比,辉长闪长岩明显具有低硅、低钾、高镁铁特征。锆石LA ICP-MS定年结果表明其成岩时代为(133.5±0.8)Ma。在前人对龙桥矿床研究的基础上,笔者认为龙桥铁矿床辉长闪长岩与铁成矿作用关系更为密切,成岩成矿作用几乎同时发生,而正长岩为成矿期后破矿岩体。通过与庐枞矿集区和长江中下游成矿带内铁矿床对比表明,庐枞矿集区内大型铁矿床与正长岩无成因联系,而闪长质侵入岩则是庐枞矿集区内重要的成矿母岩。龙桥铁矿床与长江中下游成矿带庐枞、宁芜矿集区内玢岩型铁矿床以及鄂东南矿集区内矽卡岩型铁矿床在成岩成矿时代方面相近,属长江中下游第二期成岩成矿作用的产物。闪长质侵入岩是成矿带内矽卡岩型及玢岩型铁矿成矿的必要条件,而正长岩类侵入岩的形成大多晚于闪长岩,与铁成矿作用无直接关系。     

The Itmurundy Pacific-type orogenic belt in northern Balkhash,central Kazakhstan: Revisited plus first U–Pb age,geochemical and Nd isotope data from igneous rocks

The Itmurundy zone/belt is located in the northern Balkhash area of central Kazakhstan. Geologically it belongs to the Kazakh orocline located in the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), north of the Tarim craton and west of the Junggar block. The Itmurundy belt, which surprisingly has remained unstudied in terms of up-to-date geochronological, geochemical and isotope methods compared to other regions of the CAOB, was revisited and reinvestigated. The belt possesses a very complicated geological structure and hosts rocks of mantle, orogenic and post-orogenic associations. This paper focuses on the orogenic association and presents original geological data, first U–Pb age and first up-to-date geochemical and Nd isotope data from igneous rocks. The orogenic association of the Itmurundy belt includes volcanic and sedimentary rocks of three formations, Itmurundy (O_1-2), Kazyk (O_2-3) and Tyuretai (O₃–S₁), and represents an accretionary complex. The most lithologically diverse Itmurundy Fm. (O_1-2) consists of oceanic basalt, pelagic chert, hemipelagic siliceous mudstone and siltstone, and greywacke sandstones. Both sedimentary and igneous rocks were strongly deformed by syn- and post-accretion processes, which, in places, formed duplex structures. The igneous rocks are basalt/dolerite/gabbro, andesibasalt, trachybasalt and diorite. The diorite yielded a U–Pb age of ca. 500 Ma. The subalkaline volcanic and subvolcanic rocks belong to the tholeiitic series. Based on major oxides three groups of rocks can be distinguished: high-Ti, mid-Ti and low-Ti. The rocks of these three groups are variably enriched in LREE (La_N = 122, 23 and 2 in average, respectively) showing LREE enriched (high-Ti), LREE depleted (mid-Ti) and flat (low-Ti) REE patterns. The high-Ti group shows enrichment in Nb, Th, and Zr compared to the mid-Ti and low-Ti groups. The low-Ti group is special for the Nb troughs in primitive mantle normalized multi-element diagrams, which are typical of supra-subduction settings. The values of εNd are mostly positive for the mid-Ti and low-Ti groups, but negative for the high-Ti group. The geochemical features of the igneous rocks suggest their formation in oceanic (oceanic floor and oceanic island/seamount) and supra-subduction (intra-oceanic arc) settings. In general, the structural position, lithology and deformation styles of Itmurundy sedimentary and igneous rocks and the geochemical features of the igneous rocks all accord well with the models of Ocean Plate Stratigraphy (OPS) and Pacific-type orogeny. Thus, the Itmurundy belt at northern Balkhash represents an Ordovician-Silurian Pacific-type orogenic belt formed at a convergent active margin of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.     

塔里木大火成岩省瓦吉里塔格霞石岩稀有气体同位素特征及其地质意义

稀有气体被广泛用作地球化学示踪剂,本文对塔里木大火成岩省西北缘瓦吉里塔格霞石岩中的橄榄石和辉石单矿物进行了稀有气体同位素测定。结果表明,瓦吉里塔格霞石岩中的橄榄石和辉石单矿物具有较低的~3He/~4He值(分别为2.0~2.4 Ra和0.65~0.85 Ra)和略高于大气值的~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar值(342.3~651.7),反映了由古板块俯冲导致的较低的He、Ar同位素比值特征。研究表明,早中古生代南天山洋向南俯冲到塔里木板块之下,将富U或富~4He以及含有大气组分的流体带入到深部地幔,在塔里木地幔柱的作用下地幔源区发生低程度部分熔融产生霞石岩岩浆。     

东昆仑东段益克郭勒侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

东昆仑东段益克郭勒侵入体主要由闪长岩、石英碱长正长岩、英云闪长斑岩及花岗闪长岩组成.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示,闪长岩、石英碱长正长岩和英云闪长斑岩的年龄分别为(223.4±1.1)Ma、(222.9±1.3)Ma和(230.9±1.1)Ma,表明益克郭勒侵入体形成于中三叠世.益克郭勒中三叠世侵入岩属...     

西准噶尔北部比图岩体的地球化学特征及构造环境

选择西准噶尔北部晚志留世比图岩体进行系统的岩石学、地球化学特征研究,揭示其岩石成因及形成的大地构造环境。比图岩体岩性以钾长花岗岩为主,边部为碱性花岗岩、正长岩和闪长岩。钾长花岗岩和正长岩贫Mg O(0.3%~0.5%)、CaO(0.8%~1.1%),稀土含量高(105~204μg/g),Eu异常明显,属于碱性高分异I型花岗岩;碱性花岗岩富碱(6.8%)、贫Al_2O_3(9.9%),稀土含量较高(271μg/g),极度亏损Sr、Ba、Eu,属于典型的A型花岗岩。闪长岩富MgO(4.1%)和CaO(7.5%),稀土含量较高(93μg/g),属于高钾钙碱性系列,源自富水地幔的部分熔融。岩体地球化学特征表明比图钾长花岗岩、碱性花岗岩、正长岩均是新生地壳部分熔融之后不同程度结晶分异的产物;比图岩体的各种岩性普遍具有富碱、轻稀土和大离子亲石元素(Rb、K),弱亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta)的地球化学特征,形成于后碰撞的伸展环境。     

甘肃红石山蛇绿岩地球化学特征及构造环境

红石山蛇绿岩产出于塔里木板块北缘红石山深大断裂带中,主要由变质橄榄岩、辉长岩和玄武岩组成。玄武岩的主要地球化学特征与MORB相似,微量元素特征表明它属N-MORB。结合区域地质特征,认为红石山蛇绿岩早期为初始洋盆环境,晚期有洋脊扩张中心环境的玄武岩形成。早石炭世早期是洋盆发育的全盛期,早石炭世晚期洋壳发生消减,于二叠纪晚期构造侵位,伴有绿片岩相变质作用。     

Magma mixing model for the genesis of middle crust in the Izu–Bonin–Mariana arc: evidence from plutonic rocks in the Mineoka-Setogawa ophiolitic mélange,central Japan

ABSTRACT

A Paleogene accretionary complex, the Mineoka–Setogawa belt is distributed adjacent to the northern portion of the collision zone between Honshu and Izu–Bonin–Mariana (IBM) arcs in central Japan, comprising a mélange of ophiolitic fragments of various sizes. The Eocene-Oligocene plutonic rocks in this belt (gabbro, diorite, and tonalite) have been interpreted as fragments brought from the deep crust beneath the IBM arc through tectonic collisions. The geochemical characteristics of the gabbro and associated basaltic dike are similar to those of the Eocene IBM tholeiitic basalt; thus, the gabbro was likely formed via the crystallization of the Eocene tholeiitic basaltic magmas, which was produced by the partial meltings of a depleted mantle wedge. A comparison with experimental results and geochemical modeling indicates that the tonalite was generated by 10–30% dehydration melting of the gabbro. Actually, Eocene–Oligocene felsic veins, which are coeval with the plutonic rocks, occur in the Mineoka–Setogawa gabbro. Plagioclase crystals in the diorite comprise Ca-rich and -poor parts in a single crystal. Their compositional characteristics are consistent with those of plagioclase in the gabbro and tonalite, respectively. The textures and chemical composition of plagioclase indicate that the diorite was formed by the mixing between mafic and silicic magmas. The whole-rock composition of the diorite also indicates the evidence for the mixing between basaltic magmas which were fractionated to variable degrees and homogeneous silicic magma. The mixing model proposed from the first direct observations of the IBM middle crust exposed on the Mineoka–Setogawa belt is applied to the genesis of the Eocene to present intermediate rocks in the IBM arc. If the continental crust were created at intra-oceanic arc settings such as the IBM arc, the magma mixing model would be one of the most likely mechanisms for the genesis of the continental crust.     

甘肃天水地区百花岩浆杂岩的锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年及其地质意义

摘〓要：[HT5K]利用阴极发光和LA ICP MS微区定年分析方法,对甘肃天水地区百花岩浆杂岩中的辉长岩进行了单颗粒锆石U Pb同位素分析。百花岩浆杂岩体主要由辉石岩—辉长（闪长）岩—闪长岩—石英闪长岩组成,构成较完整的同源岩浆演化序列,地球化学研究表明其形成于岛弧构造环境。对百花岩浆杂岩中辉长岩的LA ICP MS锆石U Pb同位素定年结果表明,其同位素年龄为(449.7±3.1)Ma（MSWD=1.9）,形成于晚奥陶世,表明西秦岭北带岛弧型岩浆岩的形成时代为晚奥陶世,结合区域地质资料,揭示出以西秦岭北缘关子镇蛇绿岩为代表的古洋盆的俯冲作用及产生岛弧型岩浆活动的时限为中晚奥陶世。      

The petrology and geochemistry of intrusive alkaline rocks of Elchuru,Prakasam District,Andhra Pradesh,India

The Elchuru alkaline igneous intrusion is an arcuate-shaped ring complex, approximately 16 km² in area, cropping out in the Eastern Ghats high grade metamorphic series. It is part of an alkaline province composed of a number of intrusions which range from ijolite-melteigite to alkali gabbro (viz. malignite, melalusitanite, shonkinite) and then to hypersolvus nepheline syenite followed by subsolvus nepheline syenite. The complex is cut by late lamprophyric dykes. A nephelinized alkaline gneiss, within the investigated complex, is the only deformed rock type and is regarded as an older unit not related to the comagmatic series. The remainder of the complex was emplaced post-tectonically. Sovitic carbonatite is a conspicuous Iithologic unit associated with the complex. Chemical analyses of 19 selected samples for 13 major oxides and 5 trace elements (Rb, Ba, Sr, Zr and Nb) are presented to establish a geochemical model for the investigated complex. The mineralogy, petrography and geochemistry of the rocks of the Elchuru Alkaline Complex suggest that it was formed by differentiation of an initially alkali-rich ijolitic magma as reflected in the crystallization of nepheline, kaersutitic amphibole and alkali feldspar. With progressive increase in alkali feldspar content (volume percentage) the ijolite passes to malignite and then nepheline syenites. Amphibole shows sodic enrichment from a dominant calcic variety. Pyroxene, likewise, shows sodic enrichment following the scheme salite-ferrosalite to aegirine-augite. The igneous cycle closes with the intrusion of biotite lamprophyre. There is a systematic increase in total alkalies (Na₂O+K₂O) and decrease in CaO from the early mafic rocks to the syenitic rocks. The alkali-lime index of the complex is 48 indicating its strongly alkaline nature (Peacock 1931), and they are miaskitic in character (agpaicity index <1, Currie 1976). Such miaskitic complexes are associated with carbonatites (Heinrich 1966).     

Petrology and geochemistry of the ultramafic–mafic Mawpyut complex,Meghalaya: a Sylhet trap differentiation centre in northeastern India

The present article describes, for the first time, petrological and geochemical details of the Mawpyut differentiated complex which is related to the Sylhet trap located at Jaintia Hills district, Meghalaya, northeastern India. The Mawpyut complex occurs as an arcuate body that intrudes into the surrounding Shillong Group rocks. The complex in general contains ‘ultramafic’ and ‘mafic’ rocks, as well as minor syenitic veins that postdate the main units. The lithotypes correspond to cumulate and noncumulate units. The cumulate unit is represented by olivine clinopyroxenite, clinopyroxenite, plagioclase‐bearing ultramafic, olivine gabbronorite, mela‐gabbronorite, melagabbro, orthopyroxene gabbro, and gabbro, all with a pronounced cumulus texture. The noncumulate unit is marked by gabbro, monzonite, monzodiorite, and quartzsyenite. The use of several major and trace element variation diagrams suggests that magmatic differentiation led to the formation of cumulate and noncumulate units. In chondrite‐normalized REE diagrams the cumulate rocks show flat LREE and MREE patterns and a moderate positive Eu anomaly (in plagioclase‐bearing ultramafics) due to plagioclase cumulation. The rocks of the noncumulate unit show a strongly fractionated REE pattern and no Eu anomaly. The noncumulate mafic rocks are geochemically comparable to high‐phosphorous/high‐titanium basalts (HPT) indicative of low pressure fractional crystallization. In a primitive mantle‐normalized multielement diagram some of the cumulate rocks show pronounced negative anomalies for K and P, indicating anorogenic mafic magmatism in a within‐plate setting. The rocks of the noncumulate unit show a slight negative anomaly for Yb and a Nb–Ta trough, indicating a subduction‐related signature that perhaps is inherited from subducted sedimentary rocks incorporated during crustal contamination of the derived magma (left after crystal cumulation) with country rocks. Various trace element ratios for the cumulate mafic rocks indicate parent EMI/EMII/HIMU sources with a very limited crustal signature. The noncumulate mafic rocks (corresponding to the derived evolved magma) indicate EMI/EMII/HIMU sources with a pronounced crustal contamination. The Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of the Mawpyut samples typically plot in the continental flood basalt field, with an affinity to the EMII source. The isotopic compositions of the noncumulate rocks also clearly indicate crustal contamination. We suggest that partial melting (involving garnet in the residue) of the enriched mantle source EMI/EMII/HIMU could have derived the parental melt; this melt, in turn, underwent assimilation and fractional crystallization to produce the variety of cumulate‐noncumulate lithologies of the Mawpyut complex. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mid-tertiary igneous activity in east Greenland — The Kialineq complex

The igneous rocks of the Kialineq area on the East Greenland coast at 67 ° N comprise, gabbro, acid-basic breccia and net-vein complexes, syenite and granite and minor volcanics. Rb-Sr whole-rock and mineral isochrons for the epizonal syenites, granites and acid-basic complexes indicate a consanguineous mantle origin at 35±2 m.y. B.P. in agreement with the age obtained by K-Ar dating of biotites and hornblendes. This igneous activity may be associated with major reorganisation of plate geometry in the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans at this time.     

平潭和漳州深成杂岩中斜长石捕虏晶与岩浆混合作用

在闽东南平潭和漳州火成杂岩中,广泛发育岩浆混合现象,表现为花岗质岩石中存在辉长－闪长质同深成岩墙和淬冷岩石包体。花岗质和闪长质岩石中普遍存在Ａｎ＞７０％的斜长石捕虏晶。这种成分的斜长石是辉长岩特有的,而不是任一种花岗岩的斑晶。在斜长石捕虏晶四周,都有与花岗岩中的斜长石成分相当的斜长石加生膜。斜长石捕虏晶可分为自形的、熔融状、筛孔状和碎片状等四类,它们各自形成于不同的动力环境     

Neoproterozoic Mafic Dykes and Basalts in the Southern Margin of Tarim, Northwest China: Age, Geochemistry and Geodynamic Implications

<正>Neoproterozoic rifting-related mafic igneous rocks are widely distributed both in the northern and southern margins of the Tarim Block,NW China.Here we report the geochronology and systematic whole-rock geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic mafic dykes and basalts along the southern margin of Tarim.Our zircon U-Pb age,in combination with stratigraphic constraint on their emplacement ages,indicates that the mafic dykes were crystallized at ca.802 Ma,and the basalt, possibly coeval with the ca.740 Ma volcanic rocks in Quruqtagh in the northern margin of Tarim. Elemental and Nd isotope geochemistry of the mafic dykes and basalts suggest that their primitive magma was derived from asthenospheric mantle(OIB-like) and lithospheric mantle respectively,with variable assimilation of crustal materials.Integrating the data supplied in the present study and that reported previously in the northern margin of Tarim,we recognize two types of mantle sources of the Neoproterozoic mafic igneous rocks in Tarim,namely the matasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle(SCLM) in the northern margin and the long-term enriched lithospheric mantle and asthenospheric mantle in the southern margin.A comprehensive synthesis of the Neoproterozoic igneous rocks throughout the Tarim Block led to the recognition of two major episodes of Neoproterozoic igneous activities at ca.820-800 Ma and ca.780-740 Ma,respectively.These two episodes of igneous activities were concurrent with those in many other Rodinian continents and were most likely related to mantle plume activities during the break-up of the Rodinia.