新疆博格达山晚古生代地层的形成时代、物源及其演化:碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据

新疆博格达山主体由石炭系海相火山一沉积岩系组成,以发育两期双峰式火山岩,但不发育花岗岩为特征,对其晚古生代地层时代的划分和演化争议较大。本文重点对博格达山北部两个晚古生代砂岩进行了碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学分析,重新标定博格达山地区晚古生代地层的形成时代;利用物源区的演化,约束晚古生代构造演化。测年结果显示博格达上亚群砂岩的碎屑锆石表面年龄值分布范围较宽,主峰年龄为343~284 Ma(80%),次峰年龄为386~375 Ma(3%)、503~441Ma(7%)和871~735 Ma(10%);芦草沟组砂岩的碎屑锆石表面年龄值非常集中,主峰年龄为358~279 Ma(97%),次峰年龄为257~251 Ma(约3%)。博格达山中部原石炭纪博格达群上亚群与西部和南部下芨芨槽群相当,应属于早二叠世,中部一东部的石炭一二叠纪界线应在博格达下亚群一上亚群或居里得能组一沙雷塞尔克组之间的不整合面之中。博格达北部地区晚二叠世以南侧天山物源区供给为主,反映出晚古生代期间博格达山地区至少存在晚石炭世末和中二叠世两期构造隆升。结合区域火山岩与火山碎屑岩的研究,认为博格达山地区晚古生代主要经历4个演化阶段:早石炭世弧后盆地裂解阶段、晚石炭世碰撞拼贴阶段、早二叠世碰撞后伸展阶段、中-晚二叠世再次隆升到稳定阶段。     

合肥盆地中生代地层时代与源区的碎屑锆石证据

合肥盆地位于大别造山带北侧、郯庐断裂带西侧,其发育过程与这两大构造带演化密切相关。本次工作对合肥盆地南部与东部出露的中生代砂岩与火山岩进行了锆石年代学研究,从而限定了各组地层的沉积时代,确定了火山岩喷发时间,指示了沉积物的源区。这些年代学数据表明,合肥盆地南部的中生代碎屑岩自下而上分别为下侏罗统防虎山组、中侏罗统圆筒山组或三尖铺组、下白垩统凤凰台组与周公山组(或黑石渡组)与上白垩统戚家桥组,其间缺失上侏罗统。盆地东部白垩系自下而上为下白垩统朱巷组与响导铺组和上白垩统张桥组。该盆地出露的毛坦厂组或白大畈组火山岩喷发时代皆为早白垩世(130～120 Ma)。盆地南部的下——中侏罗统及白垩系源区皆为大别造山带,分别对应该造山带的后造山隆升与造山后伸展隆升。而盆地东部白垩系的源区始终为东侧的张八岭隆起带,后者属于郯庐断裂带伸展活动中的上升盘。     

大兴安岭北部中侏罗统漠河组砂岩LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄:对漠河盆地源区的制约

对大兴安岭北部漠河盆地中侏罗统漠河组砂岩进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测试,获得的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄为1425~170 Ma,反映了中侏罗时期漠河盆地源区的复杂性。该时期漠河盆地物源主要有:中元古代变质火山岩,碎屑锆石年龄1425~1064 Ma;新元古代变质侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄888~550 Ma;寒武—奥陶纪变质表壳岩与深成侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄517~441 Ma;石炭—二叠纪侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄327~252 Ma;三叠纪—中侏罗世侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄250~170 Ma。这一测试数据与盆地现在南缘分布的地质体的时代基本对应,说明盆地的物源主要来自南部的中元古代—中侏罗世地质体,碎屑锆石中最小年龄为170 Ma,反映漠河组沉积下限不早于中侏罗世早期。这一成果对研究漠河盆地源区的物质组成、盆地沉积年代和油气成藏条件提供了新的素材。     

Detrital zircon geochronology analysis of the Late Mesozoic deposition in the Turpan‐Hami basin: Implications for the uplift history of the Eastern Tian Shan,north‐western China

Analysing the provenance changes of synorogenic sediments in the Turpan‐Hami basin by detrital zircon geochronology is an efficient tool to examine the uplift and erosion history of the easternmost Tian Shan. We present detrital zircon U‐Pb analysis from nine samples that were collected within marginal lacustrine Middle‐Late Jurassic and aeolian‐fluvial Early Cretaceous strata in the basin. Middle‐Early Jurassic (159–172 Ma) zircons deriving from the southern Junggar dominated the Middle Jurassic sample from the western Turpan‐Hami basin, whereas Permian‐Carboniferous (270–330 Ma) zircons from the Bogda mountains were dominant in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous samples. Devonian‐Silurian (400–420 Ma) and Triassic (235–259 Ma) zircons from the Jueluotage and Harlik mountains constituted the subordinate age groups in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous samples from the eastern basin respectively. These provenance transitions provide evidence for uplift of the Bogda mountains in the Late Jurassic and the Harlik mountains since the Early Cretaceous.     

祁连山西段玉石沟地区上二叠统砂岩碎屑锆石年代学及其地质意义

玉石沟地区位于青藏高原东北缘,大地构造属于北祁连造山带南缘,其石炭纪—三叠纪是上叠盆地发育时期,表现为浅海相、海陆交互相至陆相稳定型沉积建造。对玉石沟北部紫红色粗砂岩样品进行LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb测年,其年龄结果主要分布在4个区间:260～350 Ma(峰值314 Ma)、400～500 Ma(峰值445 Ma)、1 700～2 000 Ma、2 200～2 600 Ma,800～1 000 Ma锆石数仅有2颗,另有1颗锆石为2 056 Ma。锆石CL图像显示:260～350 Ma锆石中既有变质锆石也有岩浆锆石,可能响应南祁连地区石炭纪—早二叠世的热事件。400～500 Ma锆石以岩浆锆石为主,表明北祁连造山带和中祁连地块广泛发育的弧岩浆岩和同碰撞花岗岩提供了物源。1 700～2 000 Ma和2 200～2 600 Ma锆石主要为变质锆石,反映了祁连地块基底变质岩的年龄信息,推测来源于基底变质岩的剥露。800～1 000 Ma年龄区间的锆石数量稀少,可能反映新元古代侵入体在该组沉积时期尚未大规模剥露。砂岩中最年轻的锆石年龄为(289±2)Ma,限定了其沉积时代的下限为早二叠世,结合实测地层剖面上的岩石组合和层序变化,将之归属于上二叠统红泉组。碎屑锆石年龄结构表明玉石沟地区红泉组兼具北祁连造山带和中—南祁连地块的年龄信息,红泉组沉积物可能具有南、北两个物源区。     

Jurassic-Cretaceous Basin-range Pattern in the Southwestern Tian Shan Foreland Basin: Evidence from Detrital U-Pb Zircon GeochronologyEI北大核心CSCD

The Mesozoic basin-range pattern in the Tian Shan area is actively debated, especially on the southern flank of the Tian Shan. This important and contrasting hypothesis involves an intracontinental foreland basin, and a passive subsiding basin characterized by a wide source area, a weak basin-range differentiation, as well as a positive physiographic feature. This study focuses on the critical stage of basin-range relationship and reports detrital zircon U-Pb ages from the sandstones of Middle Jurassic Yangye Formation and Lower Cretaceous Group collected from the Kangsu section, aiming to constrain the Mesozoic provenance of the southwestern Tian Shan foreland basin. The U-Pb isotopic ages of zircons from these two units of clastic rocks were obtained by using in situ LA-ICP-MS. The U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Middle Jurassic series range from 369 Ma to 2687 Ma and can be divided into three main groups: (1) 369-404 Ma (accounting for 4%), (2) 418-501 Ma (accounting for 19%), (3) 544-2687 Ma (accounting for 77%), and the zircon ages from the Lower Cretaceous series range from 243 Ma to 2820 Ma and can be divided into three groups: (1) 253-414 Ma (accounting for 35%), (2) 423-489 Ma (accounting for 27%), (3) 668-2820 Ma (accounting for 37%). All age groups are prominent in the Middle Jurassic sample, suggesting a large-scale drainage system and wide source area characterized by established connection between the basin and main sources. The distribution of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Lower Cretaceous sample has more groups and reflects a shrink age in coeval source area. The southern flank of southwestern Tian Shan and the Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin have difference sediment provenance during the Middle Jurassic, whereas in the Early Cretaceous they have similar sedimentary provenance. The southwestern Tian Shan foreland basin, as well as the other areas of the south margin of the Tian Shan underwent a minor tectonic inversion and adjustment throughout the Early Cretaceous, which led to an intension in basin-range differentiation and corresponding uplift-exhumation, and a deconstruction of the link between sedimentary piedmont and older basements distributed in interior of the mountain. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.     

准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系碎屑成分特征及其对构造属性、盆山格局的指示意义

砂岩碎屑成分分析是进行沉积物源岩石类型、构造属性和盆山演化分析的重要途径。准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“弧造山带”和部分“岩浆弧”物源为特征,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩、变质岩和沉积岩,岩石成分、重矿物含量及其组合显示东、西剖面在物源上存在一定差异。天山内部侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“混合造山带”为主,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩和变质岩,但各剖面的岩石成分、重矿物组合特征及相对含量差异较大。综合天山内部与准噶尔盆地南缘野外剖面沉积特征、岩屑成分及钻井岩心分析表明,天山地区早、中侏罗世盆山格局以盆地沉积范围大、天山正地形较小为特征,不存在地理分割明显的天山山脉,侏罗纪盆地南缘至少存在三个物源体系(西准噶尔山、克拉麦里山和(古)天山);晚侏罗世一早白垩世早期,岩石成分成熟度偏低,砾岩等粗碎屑沉积明显增多,同时不稳定重矿物及其组合稍有增加可能与晚侏罗世天山构造格局分异、构造活动相对活跃有关,天山山脉明显隆升并造就天山南北沉积环境的巨大差异。     

兴蒙造山带中部晚古生代构造格局:来自晚泥盆-早石炭世色日巴彦敖包组碎屑锆石和火山岩岩浆锆石年代学的制约

内蒙古苏尼特左旗地区位于兴蒙造山带中段,是研究古生代俯冲-增生造山作用和地壳生长的关键地区。在苏尼特左旗南部,晚泥盆-早石炭世色日巴彦敖包组角度不整合在早古生代增生楔之上,已有研究对于其沉积环境、盆地属性及区域构造意义一直存在较大分歧。本文对色日巴彦敖包组敖木根呼都格剖面和阿拉塔特剖面碎屑岩和火山岩夹层开展锆石UPb测年及Hf同位素分析,并进行了沉积相分析进一步查明了地层层序、时代及物源特征,并对沉积环境和盆地属性进行了探讨。研究表明,敖木根呼都格剖面色日巴彦敖包组底部含砾粗砂岩最小谐和碎屑锆石年龄为391±5Ma,中下部凝灰质砂岩最小谐和碎屑锆石年龄为338.2±4.3Ma,凝灰岩锆石年龄为336±2Ma、333±3.5Ma,结合古生物化石,表明底部形成于晚泥盆世,中上部地层形成于早石炭世晚期。阿拉塔特剖面中上部安山质火山碎屑岩最小谐和碎屑锆石年龄加权平均值为320.4±6.2Ma,表明其形成于晚石炭世。碎屑锆石年龄谱及Hf同位素组成表明底部及中部砂岩碎屑物主要来自近源的早古生代白音宝力道和二连东乌旗地区弧岩浆岩,少量来自北侧南蒙古弧。结合沉积相分析,推测苏尼特左旗南部色日巴彦敖包组下部为一套形成于弧陆碰撞后被动陆缘滨浅海相沉积建造,中上部为形成于弧前盆地的一套杂砂岩夹火山岩建造。以上资料表明,该区从早石炭世开始转为活动陆缘背景,暗示古亚洲洋中东段在晚古生代仍未封闭。     

构造活动区特征源汇体系及古地理重建:以塔里木块体北缘记录“泛非”事件的碎屑锆石分析为例*

完整认识盆山沉积系统,这是古地理重建研究的必然趋势,其中从构造稳定区到构造活动区的特征源汇体系解析是重要环节。塔里木块体北缘活动区存在与“泛非”造山事件有关的岩浆和变质记录,但与这一特征构造-热事件有关的碎屑沉积记录以往在塔里木块体北缘及邻区却鲜有报道。主要针对塔里木块体北缘泥盆纪-石炭纪砂岩样品,文中开展了碎屑锆石原位地质年代学分析,结果表明下石炭统野云沟组砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄以新元古代中-晚期为主体,与“泛非”造山事件的持续时间较为一致,且此类沉积记录在该地区也是首次大量发现。相应的碎屑锆石的ε_Hf(t)值几乎全为负值,是古老陆壳熔融的产物。而野云沟组之下和之上的砂岩碎屑锆石均无“泛非”造山事件的明显信息。研究认为,泥盆纪南天山洋向南俯冲,导致塔里木块体北缘发育岛弧体系;至早石炭世维宪早期南天山洋盆闭合,相关块体拼贴-碰撞作用致使该区构造古地理转变,与“泛非”造山作用有关的结晶基底隆升和剥露,并成为野云沟组主要物源。晚石炭世随海平面上升和沉积超覆,塔里木块体北缘与“泛非”造山事件有关的结晶基底剥露终止。综合对比区域碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学数据发现,研究区其他显生宙地层中(除上奥统桑塔木组外)均未记录到明显的与“泛非”造山事件物源相关的碎屑沉积,可能说明现存的塔里木块体受“泛非”造山构造-热事件影响的范围有限,另一方面也说明相关基底岩石的剥露主要出现在早石炭世以及晚奥陶世。这些信息的揭示对于认识塔里木块体北部古生代古地貌、碎屑源汇体系与构造古地理具有重要意义。     

内蒙古狼山地区侏罗系LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb定年及其物源意义

运用碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年和地球化学方法,对内蒙古狼山东升庙和义和久地区侏罗系石拐群物源进行了探讨。通过对111颗有效锆石年龄统计分析可知,年龄峰值以晚古生代(259~308Ma)为主,其次为古元古代(1.74~2.18Ga)和早古元古代—新太古代(2.39~2.58Ga)。晚古生代年龄与狼山大规模出露的海西期岩浆岩年龄一致,古元古代—新太古代年龄与狼山地区古元古代岩浆岩、孔兹岩带年龄分布特征相近。侏罗系砂岩稀土元素配分特征与海西期岩浆岩、乌拉山群、孔兹岩系相似。结合石拐群样品薄片和砾岩分析,认为侏罗系为近源沉积,其物源主要为狼山地区大规模海西期岩浆岩,其次来自河套地区孔兹岩带,狼山地区太古宙乌拉山群、古元古代岩浆岩和早—中三叠世岩浆岩可能提供了部分物源。另外,根据碎屑锆石最年轻年龄为243Ma(中三叠世),结合前人植物化石组合研究及狼山地区整体缺失三叠纪地层的特点,认为该套地层的时代应为早—中侏罗世。狼山地区侏罗系沉积物源模式为南北两侧为隆起物源区,主要物源为北侧狼山隆起,南侧河套隆起向北提供部分物源,不同地区物源存在一定差异。     

新疆博格达地区中-新生代碎屑成分特征与盆山分异过程

新疆博格达地区中—新生界碎屑成分自中侏罗世的中晚期开始发生了巨大变化,主要表现在：自中侏罗世晚期开始,沉积重矿物组合及相对含量发生较大变化,不稳定重矿物、较高级别变质岩岩屑明显增多,显示此时发生的物源属性变化及构造活动的存在;自侏罗系西山窑组沉积晚期开始,砂岩碎屑成分中的沉积岩碎屑明显增加,显示盆缘沉积岩物源的隆升和剥蚀作用。结合前人研究成果,笔者认为,博格达地区的盆山分异过程主要对应于中晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期、晚白垩世和新近纪以来,其中中侏罗世的中晚期是博格达地区开始发生盆山分异的初始时期。     

Lower Cretaceous turbidites in the Shiquanhe–Namco Ophiolite Mélange Zone,Asa area,Tibet:Constraints on the evolution of the Meso-Tethys Ocean

Turbidites from the Shiquanhe–Namco Ophiolite Mélange Zone(SNMZ) record critical information about the tectonic affinity of the SNMZ and the evolutionary history of the Meso-Tethys Ocean in Tibet.This paper reports sedimentologic,sandstone petrographic,zircon U-Pb geochronologic,and clastic rocks geochemical data of newly identified turbidites(Asa Formation) in the Asa Ophiolite Mélange.The youngest ages of detrital zircon from the turbiditic sandstone samples,together with ～115 Ma U-Pb concordant age from the tuff intercalation within the Asa Formation indicate an Early Cretaceous age.The sandstone mineral modal composition data show that the main component is quartz grains and the minor components are sedimentary and volcanic fragments,suggesting that the turbidites were mainly derived from a recycled orogen provenance with a minor addition of volcanic arc materials.The detrital U-Pb zircon ages of turbiditic sandstones yield main age populations of170–120 Ma,300–220 Ma,600–500 Ma,1000–700 Ma,1900–1500 Ma,and ～2500 Ma,similar to the ages of the Qiangtang Terrane(age peak of 600–500 Ma,1000–900 Ma,～1850 Ma and ～2500 Ma) and the accretionary complex in the Bangong–Nujiang Ophiolite Zone(BNMZ) rather than the age of the Central Lhasa Terrane(age peak of ～300 Ma,～550 Ma and ～1150 Ma).The mineral modal compositions,detrital U-Pb zircon ages,and geochemical data of clastic rocks suggest that the Asa Formation is composed of sediments primarily recycled from the Jurassic accretionary complex within the BNMZ with the secondary addition of intermediate-felsic island arc materials from the South Qiangtang Terrane.Based on our new results and previous studies,we infer that the SNMZ represents a part of the Meso-Tethys Suture Zone,rather than a southward tectonic klippe of the BNMZ or an isolated ophiolitic mélange zone within the Lhasa Terrane.The Meso-Tethys Suture Zone records the continuous evolutionary history of the northward subduction,accretion,arc-Lhasa collision,and Lhasa-Qiangtang collision of the Meso-Tethys Ocean from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous.     

大别山东南麓中新生代碎屑岩地球化学特征及其对物源的制约

位于大别山东南麓的安庆-潜山地区中新生代碎屑岩比较发育,主元素分析表明,砂岩主要为杂砂岩,其次是岩屑砂岩和长石砂岩。根据主元素、微量元素和稀土元素特征值分析结果,中、上三叠统和下、中侏罗统的源岩来源广泛,属于大陆岛弧、活动大陆边缘和被动大陆边缘构造背景,可能反映了前陆盆地物源的二元特征。古近系源岩主要为活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧构造环境,说明物源仅来自大别山造山带。稀土元素比值及相关系数分析揭示,中晚三叠世黄马青群的源岩主要为宿松群的长英质片岩、浅粒岩以及大别杂岩,侏罗纪磨山组大致类似于大别群的花岗片麻岩,罗岭组与大别群比较类似。显示大别山造山带在中晚三叠世已经隆升并遭受剥露。     

西南天山前陆盆地侏罗纪-白垩纪盆山格局——来自碎屑锆石年代学的证据

目前对天山地区,特别是天山南缘中生代盆山格局认识尚存分歧。本文着眼于侏罗纪-白垩纪这一盆山演化关键阶段,利用碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年法对西南天山前陆盆地康苏剖面中侏罗统杨叶组、下白垩统克孜勒苏群沉积开展物源分析。发现中侏罗统杨叶组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布于369~2687 Ma间,基本分布在369~404 Ma(约占4%)、418~501 Ma(约占19%)和544~2687 Ma(约占77%)3个范围;下白垩统克孜勒苏群碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布于243~2820 Ma间,集中于253~414 Ma(约占35%)、423~489 Ma(约占27%)和668~2820 Ma(约占37%)3个范围。中侏罗统碎屑锆石年龄分布范围广,各年龄组分均较突显,反映中侏罗世西南天山前缘流域体系宽广,天山内各主要源区均得到沟通,物源范围广阔。下白垩统克孜勒苏群锆石年龄分布明显集中,反映早白垩世西南天山前缘源区范围有所缩小。西南天山前缘与库车前陆盆地的物源构成在中侏罗世存在一定差异,而在早白垩世呈现相似特征。包括西南天山前陆盆地在内的天山南缘或于早白垩世经历一期小规模构造反转,导致山-盆构造分异与抬升-剥蚀增强。     

鲁西隆起侏罗系碎屑主物源来自华北北缘:锆石U-Pb和Hf同位素年代学证据

鲁西隆起保存并出露比较完整的晚中生代沉积记录,是研究华北东部晚中生代构造演化的重要窗口。本文采用碎屑锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS测年方法分析鲁西隆起北缘淄川地区坊子组和三台组中的两个砂岩样品,以此探讨华北东部侏罗纪的沉积物源并约束构造古地理格架。两个砂岩样品具有近似的U-Pb年龄谱。古元古代和新太古代两组U-Pb年龄及其Hf同位素组成与广泛出露于北部的华北克拉通基底一致,根据缺乏新元古代中期(850～700 Ma)岩浆年龄和三叠纪变质年龄的事实,以此可以排除扬子板块以及现今临近于鲁西隆起东南部的苏鲁造山带物源。坊子组和三台组碎屑锆石显生宙年龄(393～256 Ma)记录的晚古生代岩浆活动均未发现于鲁西隆起及其邻近地区,而可以与大量出露于华北北缘及其北部的兴-蒙造山带的岩浆活动进行对比。此外,相当部分的显生宙碎屑锆石(183 Ma、462 Ma和324～154 Ma)具有正的ε_Hf(t)值(0.9～12.7)同位素特征,也与兴-蒙造山带特征相似,且三台组砂岩中显生宙碎屑锆石及其中ε_Hf(t)值为正值的比例较坊子组均增多。研究认为,华北北缘及其北部的兴-蒙造山带在侏罗纪时从早到晚不断抬升、剥蚀,形成相对华北克拉通内部的高地势特点,由此大量的剥蚀产物向南输运而成为鲁西隆起侏罗系的主要碎屑物源。     

Jurassic break-up of the Peri-Gondwanan margin in northern Colombia: Basin formation and implications for terrane transfer

Jurassic extensional basins developed along the northwestern margin of South America during the break-up of Pangea. Presently, these basins are dispersed in several tectonic blocks of the northern Andes and Mexico, hindering reconstruction of western equatorial Pangea before break-up. This is the case of the Cosinas Basin (Guajira block) and the Machiques Basin (Perijá Range), in northern Colombia, which are filled by Jurassic sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary successions. Autochthonous and para-autochthonous hypotheses on the origin of this basins have been proposed. The purpose of this research is to document the sedimentological evolution, depositional age (Sr-isotope + U-Pb geochronology), sediment provenance and paleogeography of the Cosinas and Machiques basins in order to constrain whether these basins formed within a single extensional margin or they formed as extensional basins in different tectonic blocks. Volcanic detrital zircon U-Pb ages documented in La Quinta Formation in the Machiques Basin and at the base of Rancho Grande Formation in the Cosinas Basin suggest that extensional basins were active in Early Jurassic time. However, a significant difference exists in their subsequent history. Whereas in the Machiques Basin dominates the accumulation of Lower and Middle Jurassic volcanoclastic deposits with abrupt lateral thickness changes, accumulation in the Cosinas Basin is dominantly of siliciclastic strata, with the record of two major marine incursions in Late Jurassic time. Integration of provenance results indicates that the Santander Massif supplied sediments to the Machiques Basin. In contrast, Middle to Upper Jurassic sandstones of the Cosinas Basin document unroofing of basement blocks that include metamorphic, sedimentary and plutonic rocks from the Guajira and Maya blocks. The similarity in age and composition of pre-Jurassic rocks in northwestern South America and the so-called peri-Gondwana blocks in the Mexican subcontinent (i.e., Maya and Oaxaquia blocks) challenge the use of detrital zircon population as an indicator of the autochthonous or para-autochthonous origin of the Guajira block. Large uncertainty of paleomagnetic results, and the lack of constraints for the time magnetization acquisition preclude estimating paleolatitudes for the Guajira block in Jurassic time but support previous interpretation of ca. 70°-90° clockwise rotation of the Guajira block relative to stable South America craton.Our preferred paleogeography considers that the Cosinas and Machiques basins were close to each other along the western continental margin of Pangea during the onset of extension in Early Jurassic time. The change from continental to marine depositional environments in Middle to Late Jurassic time along the Cosinas Basin, which have not been identified in the Machiques Basin or other autochthonous Jurassic basins in northwestern South America, allow us to propose that these blocks were separated during the Callovian - Tithonian interval, with the Cosinas Basin remaining closer to a conjugate Mexican margin, that we interpret as the Maya block. Collision of the Guajira block with the South American margin occurred near the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary, as documented by deformation of Jurassic units previous to deposition of Berriasian strata in the Guajira block.     

合肥盆地圆筒山组物源分析及其地质意义：来自碎屑锆石的证据

合肥盆地位于华北板块东南缘,形成于华南、华北板块碰撞过程中。合肥盆地形成时表现为大别造山带向北逆冲形成的前陆挠曲盆地,早白垩世在区域伸展背景下转变为断陷盆地。中侏罗统圆筒山组是合肥盆地前陆挠曲阶段的沉积地层之一,主要表现为湖泊相沉积,与下伏的防虎山组典型的河流相沉积明显不同。为了获得圆筒山组更详细的物源信息,对肥西地区出露的圆筒山组紫红色粉砂岩开展了碎屑锆石LA-ICP MS U-Pb定年。定年结果显示,两个粉砂岩样品均获得了约2.0 Ga和约770 Ma两个主要峰值以及约2.4 Ga次要峰值。该特征与扬子板块锆石年龄分布特征几乎完全一致,指示圆筒山组物源应来自扬子板块。考虑到盆地地层的物源不应来自其周边隆起区分水岭的另一侧,因而推测圆筒山组物源应来自张八岭隆起中侏罗世时地表出露岩石。在燕山运动A幕影响下,下扬子地区发生逆冲褶皱活动,张八岭隆起发生明显隆升,上部岩石被剥蚀殆尽,仅保留现今出露的新元古代张八岭群及肥东杂岩,被剥蚀的岩石搬运沉积于合肥盆地内,形成圆筒山组。     

Early Mesozoic unroofing pattern of the Dabie Mountains (China): Constraints from the U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology and Si-in-white mica analysis of synorogenic sediments in the Jianghan Basin

This paper presents the results of an integrated U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology and Si-in-white mica analysis for synorogenic sediments in the Jianghan Basin to the south of the Dabie Orogen. The results provide an improved understanding of the provenance of these sediments and the unroofing pattern of the early Mesozoic Dabie Mountain. Si contents of detrital white micas range from 3.09 to 3.34 atoms pfu for the upper Triassic sandstones whereas 3.06 to 3.59 atoms pfu for the lower and middle Jurassic sandstones. The majority of detrital white micas in the lower Jurassic sandstones is phengitic and originated exclusively from the Dabie high- to ultrahigh- pressure rocks. The U-Pb dating results of the detrital zircons for seven samples suggest that these synorogenic sediments have a significant change of provenance from late Triassic to early and middle Jurassic. For the upper Triassic sandstone, the U-Pb age clusters of these zircons are characterized by ~ 420-450 Ma, ~ 750-820 Ma, ~ 1050-1200 Ma and ~ 2500 Ma with minor Luliangian (~ 1700–2000 Ma) components. In contrast, the zircon ages of the Jurassic sandstones are dominated by the Luliangian (~ 1700–2000 Ma) ages with only minor Caledonian (~ 420-450 Ma) and Greenville (~ 1050-1200 Ma) ages. In combination with other available geological data, it can be concluded that the Dabie HP-UHP rocks might initially be exposed to the surface at the beginning of early Jurassic (~ 190 Ma). The Jiangnan terrain (also named “Jiangnan old continental in Chinese) to the south of the Jianghan basin provided the predominant supply of upper Triassic sediments, whereas the Paleoproterozoic Yangtze crustal materials (overlying the present Dabie Complex at the time) were the important provenance of the Jurassic sediments in the Jianghan basin.     

Sedimentary record of Jurassic northward subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean: insights from detrital zircons

The subduction polarity and related arc–magmatic evolutional history of the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean, which separated the South Qiangtang terrane to the north from the North Lhasa terrane to the south during the Mesozoic, remain debated. This study tries to reconstruct the subduction and evolution of the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean on the basis of U–Pb and Hf isotopic analyses of detrital zircons in samples from sedimentary rocks of the middle-western section of the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone in Gerze County, central Tibet. The Middle Jurassic Muggargangri Group in the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone was deposited in a deep-sea basin setting on an active continental margin. The Late Jurassic strata, such as the Sewa Formation, are widely distributed in the South Qiangtang terrane and represent deposition on a shelf. The Early Cretaceous Shamuluo Formation in the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone unconformably overlies the Muggargangri Group and was probably deposited in a residual marine basin setting. The detrital zircons of the Muggargangri Group contain seven U–Pb age populations: 2.6–2.4 Ga, 1.95–1.75 Ga, 950–900 Ma, 850–800 Ma, 650–550 Ma, 480–420 Ma, and 350–250 Ma, which is similar to the age populations in sedimentary rocks of the South Qiangtang terrane. In addition, the age spectra of the Shamuluo Formation are similar to those of the Muggargangri Group, indicating that both had a northern terrane provenance, which is conformed by the north-to-south palaeocurrent. This provenance indicates northward subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang oceanic crust. In contrast, two samples from the Sewa Formation yield variable age distributions: the lower sample has age populations similar to those of the South Qiangtang terrane, whereas the upper possesses only one age cluster with a peak at ca. 156 Ma. Moreover, the majority of the late Mesozoic detrital zircons are characterized by weakly positive εHf(t) values that are similar to those of magmatic zircons from arc magmatic rocks in the South Qiangtang terrane. The findings, together with information from the record of magmatism, indicate that the earliest prevalent arc magmatism occurred during the Early Jurassic (ca. 185 Ma) and that the principal arc–magmatic stage occurred during the Middle–Late Jurassic (ca. 170–150 Ma). The magmatic gap and scarcity of detrital zircons at ca. 140–130 Ma likely indicate collision between the Qiangtang and Lhasa terranes. The late Early Cretaceous (ca. 125–100 Ma) magmatism on both sides of the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone was probably related to slab break-off or lithospheric delamination after closure of the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean.     

大兴安岭中段晚石炭世-早二叠世砂岩碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及地质意义

位于中亚造山带东段的中国东北地区由众多微地块拼合而成,但各地块间的拼贴时间、位置和演化过程一直是地学界争议的关键科学问题.针对大兴安岭中段蘑菇气地区晚石炭世-早二叠世宝力高庙组砂岩开展了详细的岩相学、碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,分析了砂岩母岩区大地构造背景,进而约束兴安地块与松辽地块的汇聚过程.研究结果表明,砂岩具有成分成熟度低、近源快速沉积特点,碎屑骨架成分显示了火成岩区物源供给.锆石颗粒CL图像、Th/U值及REE特征均指示了锆石为岩浆成因.测试样品中锆石U-Pb年龄主要集中在282~360 Ma（n=134）,峰值年龄约为290 Ma、305 Ma、325 Ma和350 Ma.结合区域内前人的研究成果,暗示了其物源可能来自蘑菇气-嫩江-黑河一线的晚古生代俯冲-同碰撞期岩浆弧;样品中最年轻的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为282±4 Ma（样品15MG10）和287±4 Ma（样品15MG11）,可以限定砂岩的沉积下限为早二叠世.对比索伦-蘑菇气地区晚石炭世-早三叠世砂岩的碎屑锆石年龄组成,发现兴安地块内晚石炭世-早二叠世碎屑组分与松辽地块内中二叠世-早三叠世碎屑组分基本相同,说明兴安地块与松辽地块已于晚石炭世前沿贺根山-黑河缝合带完成拼合.