东昆仑卡特里西铜锌矿成因

卡特里西铜锌多金属矿是新疆东昆仑地区首次发现的海相火山沉积型硫化物矿床,该矿产于下石炭统托库孜达坂群内的火山岩地层中,矿体分布明显受地层控制,含矿岩性为一套双峰式火山岩上部的灰绿色基性凝灰岩,一般呈平行层状、似层状、透镜状夹于灰岩中及灰岩与含炭粉砂岩的接触处。该矿海相火山沉积特征明显,为在相对封闭的浅海盆地内,火山活动形成的成矿物质在火山机构边部洼地内堆集形成。东昆仑下石炭统托库孜达坂群地层中海相火山岩带分布有众多铜多金属矿点,为一较有前景的海相火山岩型铜矿成矿带,卡特里西铜锌矿找矿及成因认识上的突破不但填补了东昆仑一带该矿床类型的空白,而且对在该区广泛分布的托库孜达坂群内火山岩系地层中寻找该类矿床具有重大指导意义。     

内蒙古查干哈达庙块状硫化物型铜矿床类型的确认及其义

经研究确认,内蒙古查干哈达庙铜矿床属于块状硫化物型富铜矿床。该矿床类型的首次确认,为华北陆块北缘寻找古生代块状硫化物型富铜矿床提供了例证。查干哈达庙铜矿床位于华北陆块北缘,赋矿地层（即含矿岩系）为石炭系上统本巴图组流纹质凝灰岩、凝灰质板岩,其上为条带状结晶灰岩、生物碎屑结晶灰岩。含矿岩系中存在硅质岩、含铁硅质岩、碧玉岩及萤石重晶石矿层。硫化物矿体呈层状、似层状,产于流纹质凝灰岩、凝灰质板岩岩层中,产状与岩层产状一致。矿床含矿岩系具有＂火山碎屑岩、硫化物矿体、碧玉岩＂的＂三位一体＂特征。矿石具有条带状、层纹状构造。矿石中主成矿元素为Cu,伴生有益元素为Au,S,Pb,Zn,铜矿石品位较高,属富铜矿。矿床地质特征表明其属块状硫化物型铜矿床。该类型矿床的找矿标志是,在海相酸性火山岩及碳酸盐岩之间,地表存在与硅质岩共存的黄钾铁矾、铁帽型硫化物氧化带;具有以铜为主的铜、锌组合的化探异常;具有低阻高极化的物探异常。     

刚果(金)Dipeta铜钴矿床地质特征与找矿方向

Dipeta铜钴矿床处在中非铜矿带北西端,是全球范围内规模最大的铜钴矿床之一.主矿体为产在罗安群矿山亚群SDB和RSF中的上部矿体和下部矿体,呈层状、板状,总体形态、产状与地层一致.主要控矿因素为矿山亚群地层、沉积相、构造和表生氧化作用,主要找矿标志有地层、构造、典型矿物、物化探异常、地形、植物学和古采坑标志等.迪佩特...     

新疆克兰盆地红墩铅锌矿床与铁木尔特铅锌矿床的对比研究

虽然红墩铅锌矿床与铁木尔特铅锌矿床均产于新疆阿尔泰山南缘中部的克兰裂谷盆地,且二者的矿体产状与地层走向一致,具有明显的纹层状构造,但是在某些主要地质特征上,二者却存在显著的差异.例如,前者赋存于中泥盆统阿勒泰镇组的沉积碎屑岩,与海相基性火山岩有关,表现为锌多铅少,不含铜,且闪锌矿为含铁较少的低温闪锌矿;而后者却赋存于下泥盆统康布铁堡组的火山碎屑-碳酸盐岩中,与海相酸性火山岩有关,表现为铅多锌少,富含铜,且闪锌矿为含铁较多的高温闪锌矿.综合对比研究表明,红墩铅锌矿床属于SEDEX型铅锌矿床,而铁木尔特铅锌矿床则属于VHMS型铅锌矿床.     

小柳沟铜钨矿田矿化特征及找矿方向

小柳沟铜钨矿田现已发现矿床4处，小柳沟铜钨矿床以赋存于云母角闪片岩，夕卡岩，夕卡岩化灰岩中的似层状矿化为主，矿体规模较大，品位高，矿物成分复杂，围岩蚀变发育，世纪铜钨矿床仅以云母角闪片岩中似层状矿化为主，矿体规模较大，品位较高，矿物成分较简单，围岩蚀变较发育。祁宝铜钨矿床以赋存于岩体接触带中夕卡岩型矿化为主，矿体规模较小，品位低，矿石成分简单，围岩蚀变较发育。贵山铜钨矿床以云母角闪片岩中似层状矿化为主，矿体规模小，品位较低，矿石成分简单，围岩蚀变较发育。其找矿方向为：小柳沟铜钨矿床西部，世纪铜钨矿床西部及北部，贵山铜钨矿床东部云母角闪片岩，灰岩及Ⅰ－Ⅱ级重砂异常分布区，花岗岩体接触带各石英脉。     

福建浦城屏峰伴生铂、金的多全属矿床地质特征

屏峰矿区是一个以硫为主的大型多金属矿床,铅、锌亦可达中型规模,并伴生有铂、金等元素。矿体产生于沉积岩夹火山岩中,含矿三层,矿体产状同围岩一致,其形态呈层状和似层状。矿区内构造有华夏系和新华夏系断裂,控制了矿体的分布。岩浆活动频繁,并伴有矿液活动,使沉积形成的矿体更趋富集。根据矿体中出现大量的铂元素,推测矿区内存在属裂谷成因的古火山岩——基性和超基性岩体,为找铂提供了新的线索.     

哈密黄土坡铜锌矿地质特征及找矿方法探讨

哈密铜锌矿是新疆西拓矿业有限公司发现和评价的隐伏中型块状硫化物型铜锌矿床,矿床产于卡拉塔格火山穹窿西南侧下泥盆统卡拉塔格组海相火山岩地层中,黄铁绢英岩(化)是与成矿有关的最重要围岩蚀变,主矿体呈饼状,向NE向侧伏,致密块状构造为主,地球物理特征表现为中-低电阻率,中-高极化率.     

新疆霍什布拉克铅锌矿床地质、地球化学特征研究

新疆霍什布拉克铅锌矿床的矿体和含矿地层的产状一致,主矿体的矿石具有条带状、纹层状构造,矿石中大量发育霉球状、管状和环带状生物结构,显示出层控、热水沉积成因的特点。含矿地层和矿石样品的主量元素PER图解显示含矿碳酸盐岩以含石膏的灰岩为主,围岩的白云岩化微弱,矿化与硅化关系密切。矿石、含矿碳酸盐岩和页岩、粉砂质灰岩和泥质粉砂岩等碎屑岩具有各自鲜明的微量元素分布特征,上层矿体矿石中较强的富集过渡族元素Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、非活动性元素Zr、Hf及大离子亲石元素Sr和Pb,亏损活动性元素Na、K、Rb、Ba和非活动性元素Nb、Th。其围岩重结晶泥晶灰岩富集Ti、Mn、Ni、Sr和Pb,亏损Na、K、V、Fe、Rb、Ba、Zr、Hf、Nb和Th。下层矿体的围岩页岩和泥质、粉砂质灰岩样品的微量元素分布在平均上地壳线附近,部分样品较明显的富集Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Rb、Y、Zr和Hf,亏损Na、Fe、Sr、Nb。上层矿体矿石和下层矿体围岩中的部分碎屑岩富集强亲岩浆元素Cr、Co、Ni,且上层矿体矿石的稀土元素分布模式具有强的正Eu异常,部分下层矿体围岩具有较明显的正Eu异常。地质和地球化学特征显示该矿床属于热水沉积矿床中的SEDEX型矿床。     

新疆阿尔泰山南缘克兰盆地红墩SEDEX型铅锌矿

红墩铅锌矿床位于克兰裂谷盆地,形成于被动陆缘裂谷构造环境,具有SEDEx型铅锌矿床的地质特征,容矿岩性为一套巨厚的粉砂质、泥质碎屑岩建造,成矿作用与海相基性火山岩有关,矿体产状与地层走向一致,矿石具有明显的纹层状构造,在矿物共生组合上,表现为锌多铅少,不含铜,且闪锌矿为含铁较少的低温闪锌矿。     

滇西大平掌铜矿成矿地质条件及找矿前景

大平掌铜矿位于滇西澜沧江火山岩带的中南段,矿体呈层状、似层状赋存于泥盆纪-石炭纪的一套细碧-石英角斑岩系中,矿体具明显的"上层下脉"双层结构特征,即上部为块状矿体,下部为细脉-浸染状矿体。矿床为火山岩型块状硫化物(VHMS)特征矿床。矿石的金属矿物为铜-铅-锌-金-银矿物组合为主,矿化及蚀变具明显的分带性。沿矿区北西向控岩控矿构造带南北两端及西侧具有较好的找矿前景。     

内蒙古阿右旗卡休他他夕卡岩型铁金矿床地质特征及控矿因素探讨

内蒙古阿右旗卡休他他铁金矿床属于夕卡岩-热液叠加型矿床。特定岩性、岩浆岩、构造是形成该种类型矿床的基本条件：辉长岩和石英闪长岩与围岩的接触带控制矿床的产出部位,岩体接触带的夕卡岩控制着铁、金矿体的分布范围,层间破碎带和构造裂隙带则控制着铁、金矿体的形态。铁矿化产于中基性岩体和围岩接触的夕卡岩带中,金矿体产在富铁矿体及其附近的夕卡岩中,金矿和铁矿是同一地质作用过程中不同阶段的产物,矿床可能形成于海西中期。     

云南大平掌铜多金属矿床硫、铅、氢、氧同位素地球化学

对云南大平掌铜多金属火山岩型块状硫化物矿床的矿石矿物和火山岩围岩的Ｓ、Ｐｂ同位素及脉石矿物、硅 化岩、硅质岩等的Ｈ、Ｏ同位素地球化学特征进行了研究,认为矿床中大多数硫来源于热液对火山岩的淋滤,或直接 来源于火山喷气作用;矿石铅与火山岩铅属同一来源,且以富放射性成因铅为特征;成矿流体可能主要来源于深循环的海水与岩浆水的混合流体,而大气降水参与的可能性很小。     

加拿大萨斯喀彻温省索西(Southey)钾盐矿床特征及成因

加拿大萨斯喀彻温省索西(Southey)钾盐矿床,主要赋存于中泥盆统的Elk Point(埃尔克波因特)群上部Prairie Evaporite(草原蒸发岩)组。钾盐矿层稳定,似水平状展布,埋深约1250~1550 m;钾盐矿物主要有钾石盐(KCl)和光卤石(KCl·Mg Cl2·6H2O),矿石品位高,w(K2O)可达11.17%~21.85%,是世界少有的高品质钾盐矿床。文章分别从构造位置、古地理条件、物源补给、沉积韵律和成矿过程等多个方面综合分析了索西钾盐矿床的成因。     

论凤山铜矿床的再生成因

凤山铜矿床产于中元古界昆阳群绿汗江组凤山段，其下伏为中元古代晚期的滇中裂陷槽中的狮山铜矿床。凤山铜矿床矿体呈脉状、巢状、囊状，切割围岩，形态产状受断裂构造及狮山段紫色层“刺穿体”的控制，是典型的后生矿床。矿石物质成分（以黄铜矿、斑铜矿为主）、黄铁矿的Co含量（0．6％）及Co/Ni比值（75．71）和硫化物的δ^34S值均继承了狮山铜矿床的特点；矿石具碎斑状、角砾状，细脉状和网脉状等后生矿石构造，凤山铜矿床黄铜矿、斑铜矿对各种波长入射光的反射率均高于狮山铜矿床黄铜矿、黄铜矿的Cu、Au、Ag含量高于狮山铜矿的黄铜矿，而S、As、Zn含量低于狮山矿的黄铜矿。基于上述特征，提出了凤山铜矿床的再生成矿模式。凤山铜矿床的成矿物质来自下伏的狮山铜矿床及狮山段紫色层细碧质火山角砾岩，经后期非含矿热液溶解而沿构造上升，而后在上覆地层的构造中沉淀、富集而形成再生矿床。     

云南白牛厂银多金属矿床成因

对云南白牛厂超大型银多金属矿床的地质、地球化学特征及矿床形成的长期性及多阶段性的研究认为:白牛厂银多金属矿床是热水沉积—叠生成因矿床,早期呈现寒武纪的热水同生沉积成矿作用,晚期为燕山期花岗岩浆热液成矿作用。该矿床是热水沉积成矿作用与岩浆热液成矿作用叠加成矿的产物。     

新疆和田县雪凤岭锂矿床、雪盆锂矿床和双牙锂矿床地质特征及伟晶岩脉群分带初步研究

作为战略性关键金属矿产,锂矿勘查与研究已成为当今矿产勘查和地学研究的热点。项目组2017年以来通过多次野外勘查、系统取样与室内化验分析,确认在新疆和田县白龙山锂多金属矿床东部的雪凤岭一带发现了雪凤岭、雪盆和双牙3处花岗伟晶岩型锂多金属矿床。雪凤岭锂矿床由3个含矿伟晶岩脉群共计47条锂多金属矿体组成,矿体长32～360 m,厚0.9～8 m,走向110°～120°,倾角49°～78°。对雪凤岭矿区伟晶岩脉群研究,发现含矿伟晶岩脉群-含白云母伟晶岩脉群-块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群-含黑色电气石伟晶岩脉群-块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群-含白云母伟晶岩脉群-含矿伟晶岩脉群具对称分带特征,进而在距雪凤岭1550 m南部的双牙山和雪盆沟发现较好的锂矿体,其中双牙锂矿床主矿体长850 m,厚12 m,出露最宽处近100 m;雪盆锂矿床3条锂矿体,长800～1200 m,厚4～8 m,向西合成一个矿体,厚12～20 m。各矿体Li₂O品位0.6%～4.02%。伴生BeO品位0.04%～0.15%, Rb₂O品位0.10%～0.23%, Nb₂O<...     

Silver-Bearing and Associated Minerals in El Zancudo Deposit, Antioquia, Colombia

The occurrence and the chemical compositions of ore minerals (especially the silver‐bearing minerals) and fluid inclusions of the El Zancudo mine in Colombia were investigated in order to analyze the genetic processes of the ore minerals and to examine the genesis of the deposit. The El Zancudo mine is a silver–gold deposit located in the western flank of the Central Cordillera in Antioquia Department. It consists mainly of banded ore veins hosted in greenschist and lesser disseminated ore in porphyritic rocks. The ore deposit is associated with extensive hydrothermally altered zones. The ores from the banded veins contain sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena, Ag‐bearing sulfosalts, Pb‐Sb sulfosalts, and minor chalcopyrite, electrum, and native silver. Electrum is included within sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite, and is also partially surrounded by pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and tetrahedrite. Native silver is present in minor amounts as small grains in contact with Ag‐rich sulfosalts. Silver‐bearing sulfosalts are argentian tetrahedrite–freibergite solid solution, andorite, miargyrite, diaphorite, and owyheeite. Pb‐Sb sulfosalts are bournonite, jamesonite, and boulangerite. Two main crystallization stages are recognized, based on textural relations and mineral assemblages. The first‐stage assemblage includes sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena and electrum. The second stage is divided into two sub‐stages. The first sub‐stage commenced with the deposition and growth of sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite. These minerals are characterized by compositional growth banding, and seem to have crystallized continuously until the end of the second sub‐stage. Tetrahedrite, Pb‐Cu sulfosalts, Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, and Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalts crystallized from the final part of the first sub‐stage and during the whole second sub‐stage. However, one Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, diaphorite, was formed by a retrograde reaction between galena and miargyrite. The minimum and maximum genetic temperatures estimated from the FeS content of sphalerite coexisting with pyrite and the silver content of electrum are 300°C and 420°C, respectively. These estimated genetic temperatures are similar to, but slightly higher than the homogenization temperatures (235–350°C) of primary fluid inclusions in quartz. The presence of muscovite in the altered host rocks and gangue suggest that the pH of the hydrothermal solutions was close to neutral. Most of the sulfosalts in this deposit have previously been attributed as the products of epithermal mineralization. However, El Zancudo can be classified as a xenothermal deposit, in view of the low pressure and high temperature genetic conditions identified in the present study, based on the mineralogy of sulfosalts and the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions.     

Geology, Geochemistry and Minerogenesis of the Shijuligou Zinc–Copper Deposit in Gansu, China

Abstract: The Shijuligou deposit was separated by an arcuate ductile shear zone cross the center of the deposit region, resulting in the difference between the southern and northern ore bodies. The lead (Pb) isotopic data of ores of the Shijuligou copper deposit have averages of 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb in 17.634, 15.444, and 37.312, respectively. It has been shown that ore-forming metals originated from intrusive and extrusive rocks in the upper part of ophiolites. The sulfur isotopic data of pyrite and chalcopyrite in the northern part change from +7.61‰ to +8.09‰ and +4.95‰ to +8.88‰ in the southern part. Isotopes of δ18O in the Shijuligou copper deposit are between +11.1‰ and +18.6‰, with the calculated δ18OH2O at +0.65‰. It is suggested that the mineralized fluid is a mixture of magma fluid, meteorological water, and seawater through circulating and leaching metals from the volcanic rocks. The zircon uranium-lead (U–Pb) dating of gabbro is 457.9±1.2 Ma, and the lower crossing age of the discordant and concordia curves of pyroxene spilite of zircon is 454±15 Ma. It is indicated that the Shijuligou deposit formed in a new ocean crust (ophiolite) of the back-arc basin in the late Ordovician. Mineralization should occur in the intermittence period after strong volcanic activity, and the age should be the late Ordovician. Moreover, the mineralization of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in the ancient orogenic belt of the late Ordovician in the northern Qilian Mountains was controlled by the primary fault/fracture, with the forming of a metallogenic hydrothermal system by a mixture of volcanic magma fluid and seawater, which circularly leached the metallogenic metals from the volcanic rocks, resulting in their accumulation. The ore bodies were transformed with morphology and metallogenic elements. Jasperoid is an important sign for prospecting such deposits. There were many island arcs in the continent of China. This study provides evidence for understanding and exploration of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in western China, especially in the area of northern Qilian Mountains.     

甘肃岷县寨上金钨矿床中钨矿特征及找矿标志

寨上矿床属于以金为主、伴生钨的多金属矿床。目前已发现15条钨矿化体,其中主要的6条钨矿体均与金矿体相重合。寨上矿区9处异常中有7处Au、W异常相重合。Au、W元素相伴生存在,局部地区形成金、钨矿化体共生的局面。钨矿物主要为白钨矿,极少量黑钨矿。白钨矿也是重要的载金矿物,金与钨关系密切。矿体主要产于碳质板岩、泥质板岩、钙质板岩等较软弱岩性地层。矿脉受控于层间或顺层断裂破碎带。矿区的主要蚀变类型有硅化、黄铁矿化,其次为碳酸盐化、绢云母化。低阻高极化异常能较准确的反映矿化带和矿脉的延伸位置。钨的水系沉积物异常和土壤异常均呈带状低值异常特征,与已知矿带吻合较好。研究成果及勘查实践证明,在该金矿化(带)体中寻找钨矿化体是最简捷的方法。     

201富铀矿床氢,氧,碳,硫,铅同位素研究

产于花岗岩中的２０１铀矿床是我国花岗岩型铀矿富矿之一。本文通过氢、氧、碳、硫、铅同位素组成的研究，探讨成矿溶液和成矿物质的来源，推测成矿环境。研究结果表明，该矿床成矿流体是以大气降水为主，主要成矿物质来自前燕山期花岗岩体，可能部分来自下部地壳，成矿作用是在较稳定的物化条件下进行。