共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
苏经宇,研究员,博士生导师,国家注册岩土工程师,北京工业大学抗震减灾研究所常务副所长。同时,还兼任国家减灾委员会专家委员会专家、全国工程建设标准设计专家委员会委员、中国勘察设计协会抗震防灾分会常务理事兼秘书长、中国工程建设标准化协会建筑振动专业委员会委员、住房城乡建设部城市防灾减灾专家委员会副主任、全国城市抗震防灾规划审查委员会委员兼办公室主任、中国建筑学会抗震防灾分会城镇抗震防灾专业委员会主任委员、北京市城市规划与建筑防火专业委员会委员等。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
城市震灾特点与江西省城镇抗震防灾工作中的地震问题 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文根据历史地震记载,现代地震台网记录资料和近年来的地震活动,工程地震和地震地质方面的研究成果,简述了城市地震灾害的特点;介绍了江西省境内城镇震灾概况和省境内地震活动的基本特征;提出了我省城市城镇抗震防灾工作中应注意的几个地震问题,即城市地区地震预测的基础研究,基岩山区的山崩,滑坡,沿江(河,湖)地区沉陷,砂土液化和水库下游城市的次生灾害等。 相似文献
6.
7.
分析了烟台市区的地震环境特点和地震活动态势 ,研究了烟台市区抗震防灾的现状与问题 ,并提出抗震防灾的对策与建议。 相似文献
8.
《中国勘察设计》2013,(5):23
2013年,住房城乡建设部将继续贯彻"预防为主,防、抗、避、救相结合"的方针,以切实抓好房屋建筑和市政公用设施抗震设防监管为目标,以制定、修订住房城乡建设系统防灾减灾法律法规、技术标准为重点,加强抗震设防管理体制机制研究,加强新建建筑工程抗震设计、施工质量监管,加强城市抗震防灾规划的编制与实施,继续抓好农村危房改造工作,积极推动既有建筑抗震性能普查和加固工作,进一步提升城市防灾和工程抗震水平。加强法规制度建设,作好工作部署一是按照国务院立法计划,做好《建设工程抗御地震灾害管理条例》起草工作。二是开展《城市抗震防灾规划管理规定》和《超限高层建筑工程抗震设防管理规 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
This study uses data from Mao-Luo-Hsi Bridge to model the bridge structure and a set of developed alarm and action values
to formulate guidelines for bridge maintenance and seismic hazard prevention. The bridge model is improved by incorporating
on-site ambient vibration measurement to perform modal analyses. Dynamic analyses of the bridge are implemented using the
established 3D model subjected to uniform loading and seismic force, with or without consideration of soil interaction with
the structure. The maximum displacements for different sections of the bridge are compared, and statistical regression analyses
are used to explore their correlation. Information for bridge safety assessment is proposed, which can mitigate loss of property
and lives due to bridge failure. Regression analyses of the maximum displacements between abutments D and E of the considered
bridge in the axial, horizontal, and vertical directions under various seismic intensities are conducted, giving R
2 values of 0.9462, 0.9352, and 0.9010, respectively. The developed maintenance guidelines are reliable since all parameters
from regression analyses have a 95% confidence interval excluding the zero value. The bridge alarm value and action value
are determined for this bridge site at earthquake intensity scales of 4 and 5, respectively. 相似文献
12.
Risk-targeted seismic design maps for mainland France 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
In this article, the recently proposed approach known as ‘risk targeting’ for the development of national seismic design maps is investigated for mainland France. Risk targeting leads to ground-motion maps that, if used for design purposes, would lead to a uniform level of risk nationally. The Eurocode 8 design loads currently in force for France are used as the basis of this study. Because risk targeting requires various choices on, for example, the level of acceptable risk to be made a priori and these choices are not solely engineering decisions but involve input from decision makers we undertake sensitivity tests to study their influence. It is found that, in contrast to applications of this methodology for US cities, risk targeting does not lead to large modifications with respect to the national seismic hazard map nor to changes in the relative ranking of cities with respect to their design ground motions. This is because the hazard curves for French cities are almost parallel. In addition, we find that using a target annual collapse probability of about 10?5 for seismically designed buildings and a probability of collapse when subjected to the design PGA of 10?5 leads to reasonable results. This is again in contrast to US studies that have adopted much higher values for both these probabilities. 相似文献
13.
To explain the failure mechanism of a retaining wall in an earthquake and put forward effective aseismic measures based on
energy theory, and taken from the upper bound theorem as a measure, the safety of anchor system is defined, and then the mechanism
of input and dissipation of seismic energy is studied. Furthermore, by analyzing the wave characteristics of a destructive
earthquake, an aseismic design of a retaining wall is proposed according to the flexible retaining theory. At last, an example
is given and the result shows that the seismic behavior of a common rigid retaining wall is poor and the structure fails quickly
under large seismic force with specific direction. On the contrary, the new system with an EPS damping layer can dissipate
seismic energy well. 相似文献
14.
基于GIS的城市防震减灾信息系统设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以地理信息系统系列工具软件为开发平台,采用先进的计算机数据库管理技术和可视化技术,设计了城市防震减灾信息系统,为政府部门进行城市震前、震时、震后的科学管理提供有力的辅助工具,为提高城市综合防震能力提供有效手段。文章采用了系统化设计思想,阐述了城市防震减灾信息系统的组成及其功能,并详细介绍了基础数据库的构建过程。 相似文献
15.
我国规范液化分析方法的发展设想 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过分析我国地震形势、液化震害潜在威胁以及震害防御工作现状,阐明了我国发展液化分析方法的客观需求,简要评述了我国规范中现有液化判别方法,总结了我国近来两次大地震液化考察经验,提出了与规范修订相关的研究设想。通过我国地震安全性评价工作的发展现状以及我国大陆地震重点监视区与第四纪沉积分布性态分析,说明了我国发展液化分析方法的必要性和紧迫性。根据2003年新疆巴楚地震和2008年汶川大地震中液化震害考察结果,比较我国规范现状,提出了与未来规范的完善和发展相关的10个研究课题,包括:液化对设计谱的影响、 特殊土类液化判定标准、区域性的液化判别标准、场地液化概率评价、基于液化土层PGD的结构物损害估计、液化引起地裂缝的生成条件、基于剪切波速的液化判别方法、VI度区内场地液化及危害性判定、深层土液化判定以及场地液化的现场判定和识别技术 相似文献
16.
针对基岩明显起伏、土层非均匀分布的典型河口盆地场地,考虑土体非线性特征,采用黏弹性人工边界模拟无限域对地震波动的影响,建立大尺度精细化二维有限元模型,分析了盆地地表地震动幅值、频谱、持时、传递函数特征,探讨了基岩起伏土层的地震动聚集效应及盆地边缘效应。结果表明:(1)盆地近地表土层表现出不同程度的地震动放大效应,且随土层深度增加呈非单调递减特征,基岩突变处地震动聚集效应明显,盆地两侧产生较为显著的边缘效应;场地中、长周期地震动的放大作用显著;(2)多遇地震、偶遇地震和罕遇地震水平时,场地卓越周期依次介于0.35~0.65 s、0.40~0.75 s和0.50~1.05 s之间;给出了盆地地表PGA(地表峰值加速度)、卓越周期均值等值线图及地表加速度反应谱放大因子建议值,地表设计地震动参数amax(地震影响系数)与Tg(特征周期)明显大于现行《建筑抗震设计规范》取值;(3)盆地特殊位置地表地震动持时得到不同幅度增长,且与输入地震动特性相关;(4)该盆地对0.5~2.0 Hz频段基岩地震动的放大效应比较显著,对小于0.2 Hz或大于2.5 Hz的基岩地震动,该盆地地震动放大效应不明显;(5)福州城区及其邻近区域地震动放大效应普遍较大。大尺度二维非线性分析一定程度上能合理反映微地形起伏、土层分布及土体非线性对地震波传播过程的影响。 相似文献
17.
Earthquake disaster is still the number one among all natural disasters, particularly, in terms of destructive power in causing deaths. Can earthquake engineers control seismic casualties through the seismic design of buildings? For this purpose, a conception of casualty control based seismic design is presented and a “two-step decision-making” method is proposed for determining the optimum seismic design intensity (or ground-motion) for controlling both seismic death and economic losses. The key problems in establishing the model are to determine the appropriate socially acceptable level of earthquake mortality and establish the corresponding objective function and /or constraint conditions in determining the optimum seismic design intensity. Ten different grades of socially acceptable mortality are suggested and the final socially acceptable mortality level was proposed for seismic design based on a questionnaire that was distributed nationwide in China. Finally, the method was applied to eight cities with different seismic hazard in China and the effects of various grades of acceptable earthquake mortality on seismic design intensity are analyzed. 相似文献
18.
在工程抗震设计领域,以SHAKE为工具的场地反应分析已得到广泛应用。场地反应分析简单、易行,然而要得到准确、可靠的分析成果仍需要长期的经验积累和相当的技巧。其中需特别注意的是:场地反应分析所需要的各土层参数均具有相当大的不确定性。这些不确定因素主要来自于:初始剪切模量G0(或最大剪切模量Gmax)、剪切模量衰减曲线、阻尼曲线以及可能存在的软弱土层。对于大型基建工程,场地反应分析的成果对于整个工程的安全、经济性都有重大影响;因此,针对其不确定性应该进行严谨地论证,并在工程设计中充分考虑。建议对各主要参数进行敏感度分析,并将结果综合起来以形成一套理性、可靠的场地反应分析方法。 相似文献
19.
从基础地质资料收集、镶边偏移量估算、勘探边界"整形"、时间采样间隔加密、有效覆盖次数,以及新区三维地震勘探设计建议等几个方面的讨论入手,结合实例分析与正演模拟,对今后煤矿采区三维地震勘探施工设计提出了一些建议,供煤矿业主方与地震勘探施工单位参考. 相似文献
20.
三维地震勘探中特观设计的可视化和精确化是迄今为止长期困扰勘探界同行的难题之一,该文介绍的地震数据采集计算机辅助设计系统应用软件,以其形象的用户界面和简易的交互式操作方式使这一难题迎刃而解. 相似文献