INVESTIGATION OF GROUND WATER RADIAL FLOW USING RADIOACTIVE TRACERS

Abstract

Field experiments had been made to study the effective porosity of the ground water aquifer, injecting I¹³¹ simultaneously with H³, as a reference, at different depths, in the aim of examining the influence of the depth of injection of the radioisotopes on the values obtained for the effective porosity of the aquifer under pumping conditions.

A pumped well, fully penetrating a homogeneous sandy aquifer, was chosen. Three runs were undertaken injecting the radioisotopes in a 10 metres distant observation well at three different levels. An additional run was made injecting I¹³¹ at the three depths simultaneously. In each run, the activity of the outflowing water was followed till it reached the background level.

The results indicate that the values obtained for the effective porosity of ground water aquifer using tracers are not dependent on the depth of injection of the tracer. This conclusion holds for radial flow, in homogeneous aquifers, between the observation well and the pumped well.

The percentage recovery of the injected activity was calculated.

The experiments were undertaken in Wadi El-Natrun area in the western desert of the U.A.R. The value of the effective porosity for the investigated locality was found to be 0.09.     

地下水位变化引起的地面形变

本文探讨了抽用地下水对地面形变所造成的影响。文中应用了几个抽水试验实例, 说明了它们在时间上、空间上的相互变化关系。抽水所造成的地下水漏斗区范围内, 不仅能产生垂直形变, 而且在其影响的不同部位, 还形在压缩和拉伸的水平形变。对抽水引起的地面形变与其他因素所造成的地面形变的区别, 进行了视步的讨论。     

石油钻孔开采对地下水位的影响

本文根据多年地震地下水微动态研究的主要结果,给出了石油开采使含水层底板卸压引起水位下降的基本解释,并应用开采及注水资料计算其影响水位变化的定量结果。     

OCCURRENCE OF VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IN NEBRASKA GROUND WATER

Abstract. This report summarizes results of monitoring programs for volatile synthetic organic chemicals (VOCs) in Nebraska's private and public water-supply wells conducted by two State agencies. Of 97 community water-supply systems sampled as of June 1984, 16.5 percent (16 systems) showed quantifiable levels of at least one VOC. Detectable amounts of one or more VOCs were measured in samples from 15.9 percent (10) of 63 private wells sampled in 1982. These percentages are consistent with results of other State and national surveys.     

吉林省地下流体多年趋势变化分析

通过对吉林省地下流体多年动态观测数据进行全时域的计算机扫描，系统研究其变化规律和特点，分析各种影响因素，重点分析了气象要素与水位变化的相关性，发现相关的节律性和差异性，同时确定吉林省下流体趋势异常指标，进而对吉林省近期地震趋势进行预测。     

地震前地下水位的短期及临震变化异常

本文广泛收集了我国54次地震前地下水位变化的观测资料,对地下水位短期和临震的变化形态、时间空间特征进行了叙述和分析。着重说明事实和寻找可能有的规律,指出: 1)地下水位下降异常是一种最普遍的震前现象; 2)异常的空间展布是不均一的,形态是多样的,而不是如苏联学者所认为的那样是均匀的,形态单一的。异常特征与井孔本身所处的局部构造有关。      

EFFECT OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON POLIOVIRUS SURVIVAL IN GROUND WATER

Abstract. Poliovirus survival was studied in ground water under hyperbaric pressures ranging from 500 to 4000 psi. It was found that, as compared to control samples incubated at atmospheric pressure, poliovirus was stable under hyperbaric pressures. The virus was, however, comparatively less stable in sea water subjected to 1000 psi pressure.     

昌黎井水氡、水位、降雨之间的相关分析

对1982年至1997年昌黎井的水氡、水位月均值和昌黎气象站的降雨资料,以不同的时间尺度进行了相关计算。结果表明, 水氡与水位资料的趋势变化具有很好的相关性(R=0.833, n=168)和同步性。较小时间尺度的相关计算结果显示,水位、水氡与降雨不仅具有相关性、同步性,而且也具有差异性,这种差异性特征可作为地震前兆异常,并与唐山地区的地震对应较好,据此可作为短期地震预报指标。     

WHAT ABOUT GROUND WATER?

EDITOR'S NOTE: The following article by Ralph C. Heath which appeared in the January 1973 issue of the North Carolina Engineer is another excellent example of how ground-water geologists and hydrologists should and must speak out in their communities in support of ground-water development.     

关于地震地下水观测井建设的若干问题

根据有关的国家与地震行业技术标准,结合建井的实践经验,论述了地震地下水观测井的定位、观测井结构设计与钻井施工的技术要求。     

西安地裂缝近期活动与热水井水位关系研究

本文根据西安小寨地裂缝与西影井第三系深层热水水位的观测资料,分析了二者变化周期的准同步和相位的滞后性特征,并结合地面沉降速率和周围地震活动性,探讨了地裂缝与第三系深层承压水位之间存在内在联系的原因,以及抽水—地面沉降对地裂缝影响的构造动态调制作用.