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Conventional Kalman filter (KF) relies heavily on a priori knowledge of the potentially unstable process and measurement noise statistics. Insufficiently known a priori filter statistics will reduce the precision of the estimated states or introduce biases to the estimates. We propose an adaptive KF based on the autoregressive (AR) predictive model for vehicle navigation. First, the AR model is incorporated into the KF for state estimation. The closed-form solution of the AR model coefficients is obtained by solving a convex quadratic programming problem, which is according to the criterion of minimizing the mean-square error, and subject to the polynomial constraint of vehicle motion. Then, an innovation-based adaptive approach is improved based on the KF with the AR predictive model. In the proposed adaptive algorithm, the process noise covariance is computed using the real-time information of the innovation sequence. Simulation results demonstrate that the KF with the AR model has a higher estimated precision than the KF with the traditional discrete-time differential model under the condition of the same parameter setting. Field tests show that the positioning accuracy of the proposed adaptive algorithm is superior to the conventional adaptive KF. 相似文献
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研究Kalman滤波和自适应Kalman滤波算法,结合边坡监测点的运动模型将其应用于边坡变形监测动态数据变形预测。利用小湾水电站二号山梁高边坡GPS监测数据进行实验研究。结果表明,自适应Kalman滤波在边坡三维形变预测及变形速率估算方面有很好的预测结果。 相似文献
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When certain constraints in the kinematic state parameters of a multi-sensor navigation system exist, they should be taken
into account for the improvement of the positioning accuracy and reliability. In this paper, two types of robust estimators
for integrated and two stages of Kalman filtering with state parameter constraints are derived based on the generalized maximum
likelihood Lagrangian condition, respectively. The properties of the two estimators are discussed. The changes of the state
estimates and their covariance matrices as well as the residual vector caused by the constraints are derived and analyzed.
It is shown by a simulated example that the precision of the state estimates provided by the Kalman filtering with constraints
is better than that provided by the Kalman filtering without considering the state parameter constraints; and the robust Kalman
filtering with constraints further improves the reliability and robustness of the state estimates. 相似文献
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本文分析介绍了模型误差对滤波解和预报残差影响的表达式.随后,针对GPS/INS松组合导航系统观测信息无冗余的情况,给出了基于Kalman滤波的动力学模型误差估计算法.最后利用一个车载实测数据证明了算法的有效性. 相似文献
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针对单系统RTK定位精度以及稳定性不足的问题,该文提出了BDS、GLONASS双系统联合RTK定位方法,通过对双系统进行时空基准统一,基于附加模糊度参数的卡尔曼滤波函数模型双系统RTK定位算法的研究,开发了BDS/GLONASS双系统RTK定位程序,对超短基线、短基线实测数据进行计算,并且与GPS系统结果进行比对。实验结果表明,BDS、GLONASS、BDS/GLONASS这3种模式定位精度虽稍逊于GPS,但也能够达到厘米级精度,从而提供高精度的定位服务。 相似文献
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动态Kalman滤波模型误差的影响 总被引:4,自引:11,他引:4
动态Kalman滤波模型误差的影响与静态平差模型误差影响不同。它包括观测异常误差影响和动力学模型异常的影响。本文分别讨论了观测异常误差和动力学模型异常误差对当前历元滤波结果的影响及对后续历元滤波结果的影响;构建了异常误差影响表达式,并对各类异常误差的检测方法进行了分析。 相似文献
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Benedikt Soja Richard S. Gross Claudio Abbondanza Toshio M. Chin Michael B. Heflin Jay W. Parker Xiaoping Wu Tobias Nilsson Susanne Glaser Kyriakos Balidakis Robert Heinkelmann Harald Schuh 《Journal of Geodesy》2018,92(9):1063-1077
The Global Geodetic Observing System requirement for the long-term stability of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame is 0.1 mm/year, motivated by rigorous sea level studies. Furthermore, high-quality station velocities are of great importance for the prediction of future station coordinates, which are fundamental for several geodetic applications. In this study, we investigate the performance of predictions from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) terrestrial reference frames (TRFs) based on Kalman filtering. The predictions are computed by extrapolating the deterministic part of the coordinate model. As observational data, we used over 4000 VLBI sessions between 1980 and the middle of 2016. In order to study the predictions, we computed VLBI TRF solutions only from the data until the end of 2013. The period of 2014 until 2016.5 was used to validate the predictions of the TRF solutions against the measured VLBI station coordinates. To assess the quality, we computed average WRMS values from the coordinate differences as well as from estimated Helmert transformation parameters, in particular, the scale. We found that the results significantly depend on the level of process noise used in the filter. While larger values of process noise allow the TRF station coordinates to more closely follow the input data (decrease in WRMS of about 45%), the TRF predictions exhibit larger deviations from the VLBI station coordinates after 2014 (WRMS increase of about 15%). On the other hand, lower levels of process noise improve the predictions, making them more similar to those of solutions without process noise. Furthermore, our investigations show that additionally estimating annual signals in the coordinates does not significantly impact the results. Finally, we computed TRF solutions mimicking a potential real-time TRF and found significant improvements over the other investigated solutions, all of which rely on extrapolating the coordinate model for their predictions, with WRMS reductions of almost 50%. 相似文献
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本文探讨了利用星载GPS数据实现平方根推广卡尔曼滤波(SR-EKF)定轨的方法,采用SR-EKF对两颗GRACE卫星进行了定轨试验计算,并将计算结果与Bernese5.0的计算结果进行了比较,比较分析表明:采用SR-EKF方法进行GRACE卫星定轨可以得到优于10cm的定轨精度;经验力参数可以平衡几何观测信息和动力模型信息,但增大了观测异常对定轨结果的影响;对位置和速度进行噪声补偿可以减弱观测异常对定轨结果的影响,但有可能使轨道出现系统性偏差。 相似文献
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基于Kalman滤波定轨的基本原理,本文针对GEO卫星定轨中的系统误差,提出了消参数双向Kalman滤波定轨方法,给出了该方法的状态模型和观测模型,并推导出解算公式.最后以卫星钟差为例,分别对常数项、线性变化和二次多项式形式的系统误差进行了模拟计算,结果表明:该方法能有效削弱系统误差的影响,提高了定轨精度,并能较好地估... 相似文献
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动态导航与定位的质量取决于对动态载体扰动和观测异常扰动的认知和控制质量。在实践中,观测向量及其动态模型信息均可能存在异常,此时若仍利用标准Kalman滤波,则状态滤波解将极不可靠。在标准Kalman滤波原理的基础上,结合模糊控制理论,提出了一种基于模糊理论的抗差Kalman滤波算法。该方法是依据滤波处理后的数据残差,利用模糊理论构造等价权,从而有效控制粗差对导航解的影响,并用算例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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动态导航与定位的质量取决于对动态载体扰动和观测异常扰动的认知和控制质量.在实践中,观测向量及其动态模型信息均可能存在异常,此时若仍利用标准Kalman滤波,则状态滤波解将极不可靠.在标准Kalman滤波原理的基础上,结合模糊控制理论,提出了一种基于模糊理论的抗差Kalman滤波算法.该方法是依据滤波处理后的数据残差,利用模糊理论构造等价权,从而有效控制粗差对导航解的影响,并用算例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性. 相似文献
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当多个传感器安装于同一载体之上,构成组合导航系统时,必然存在位置约束关系,当定位传感器等于或多于三个时,会产生多个这样的关系。利用这些条件,采用传统的约束滤波算法可以提高组合定位系统的整体精度,但有时也会造成高精度传感器的精度损失。本文中将这些位置约束条件看作观测量,通过设计适当的权矩阵,并结合自适应卡尔曼滤波算法,提出了一种用于提高传感器滤波精度的方法,并和传统的约束滤波算法进行了比较。仿真计算表明:在各传感器精度相当时,该算法可以提高各个传感器的精度,并和传统的约束滤波算法等效;当各传感器精度不同时,该算法仍然可以提高高精度传感器的滤波精度或保证高精度传感器的滤波精度不受损失。 相似文献
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基于反距离加权和克里格插值的S-A多重分形滤波对比研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以铜陵矿集区土壤Cu元素含量数据为例,对比研究反距离加权插值法和克里格插值法对S-A多重分形滤波的影响。与单纯的反距离加权插值和克里格插值结果相比,无论是基于反距离加权插值还是克里格插值,多重分形滤波(S-A)方法分解得到的铜陵矿集区Cu元素异常场对已知Cu矿田的指示均更加准确。基于克里格插值结果的异常场相比于基于反距离加权插值结果的异常场,具有更好的异常识别效果,与铜陵矿集区已知Cu矿床分布的空间相关性更加显著,具有矿田尺度的成矿预测价值。 相似文献