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在《天津双桥咸水层井水位动态映震敏感条件与监视预报效能剖析》的基础上,本文采用较恰当的数学处理及合适的异常指标,由计算机自动识别出了1977年以来的18次异常。 根据异常—发震时间、井—震距、异常性质作了统计计算,得出了最佳发震时间为异常出现后87天至117天,最佳发震距离为井震距66公里至86公里。由异常幅度、面积、陡度特征及其与地震发生地点的关系,广泛地模拟专家依据本统计之外的地下水异常特征、异常井点位及其与断层的关系,给出了地点加议统计发震概率。正演检验表明,预测发震时间、地点、震级与实际发生的地震基本相符。 相似文献
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依据六合体应变异常所作两次地震短临预测意见的反思 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
依据六合体应变异常,在2006年7月26日安徽定远4.2级地震和2007年5月6日江苏响水ML4.0地震前,我们提出了短临预测意见。预测实践表明,根据六合体应变异常提出11~24天时间段在450km范围内有发生5.5级左右地震、在200km范围内有发生4.0级左右地震可能性的预测意见有一定的科学性,还有可能根据异常最低点出现时间提出3天之内发震的临震预测意见,实践还表明依据六合体应变异常所预测的震中位置和震级会有较大误差。反思两次地震预测实践,我们有依据期望通过每一点进步来挑战地震预报难题,目前力求能在震前有所察觉,提前向领导部门打个招呼。 相似文献
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本文提出一种利用时间序列法(ARIMA模型)进行震前电离层异常探测的新方法.首先,对比分析了该方法与传统探测方法(四分位距法、滑动时窗法)预测TEC背景值的精度.结果表明,时间序列法预测背景值的精度要明显高于传统方法,且预报背景值的平均偏差要比传统方法小2倍左右,说明传统探测方法预测的背景值具有较大系统偏差.为更准确地探测震前电离层扰动,除了得到准确的参考背景值,还需得到更加合理的探测限值,由此本文提出一种更为合理的限差确定策略.最后,以2012年1月10日苏门答腊岛7.2级地震为例,利用该方法分析了其震前电离层的异常扰动情况,并验证了该方法的有效性,实验结果表明:在震前第13天、第8~9天、第1~2天和地震当天电离层均会发生较为明显的异常.而且,其正异常(观测值高于正常值)一般发生在震中以北,距发震时间相对较远;负异常(观测值低于正常值)则在震中各方向均会出现,且距发震时间较近.同时,通过对异常结果分时段统计,发现在发震时刻前,距发震时刻越近的时段发生异常的频率越高,此规律将会对未来更为准确的预报发震时段提供重要参考. 相似文献
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应广大读者要求,我们定期公布全球7级以上大地震和中国4级以上地震目录。地震参数取自中国地震台网中心的“中国地震速报台网观测报告”和“中国地震月报目录”及“中国数字地震台网观测报告”。其中:发震时间为北京时(BJT);震中位置除给出经纬度外还给出了参考地区名,以供查阅时参考;MS为面波震级、ML为近震震级;MW为矩震级(取自美国PDE报告);mb为短周期体波震级;mB为中长周期体波震级。表1世界地震目录(2010年1~3月,M≥7.0)编号发震时间年-月-日-时:分:秒震中位置φ/(°)λ/(°)深度/km震级MS MW地区1 2010-01-04-06:36:33.6 8.90S 157.30 相似文献
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基于最大熵原理,得到地震时间间隔和地震震级的概率分布函数。根据时间间隔分布,得到地震发震概率,当概率上升达到警界值时,可对云南5级以上中强地震做出预测。6个月以内中短期预测对应率为91%;3个月以内,短临期预测对应率为73%。根据震级分布,得到用最大熵原理求出的地震理论发生次数,理论发震次数与实际较为接近。用最大熵原理求出了云南不同地区不同震级档次5级以上中强地震的复发周期。分析认为,云南7级以上大震危险性在逐步逼近,西部危险性高于东部。 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,(4)
正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and 相似文献
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George W. Housner 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(2):I0001-I0001
Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study 相似文献
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JianCheng Shi 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2281-2282
正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases 相似文献