寒武纪年代地层的研究现状和研究方向

全球寒武系的底、顶界层型已被确定 ,但寒武系内的统和阶一级的全球标准划分尚待进行。介绍了国际地层委员会寒武系分会有关建阶的意见和推荐的 13个分阶的层位 ;同时介绍了劳亚大陆新近提出的 4统 6阶的年代地层划分方案。回顾了我国的建阶过程 ,指出我国现有的阶一级单位实质上仍然是岩石地层单位 ,具有建立在单位层型上、底界被粗略界定因而时间意义不明确、对比性差、与岩石地层单位重名和不利于竞争国际标准阶和GSSPs等一系列缺点。在湘西、黔东地区新建的 5个阶可取代我国现有的中—晚寒武世年代地层系统。建议暂将我国寒武系划分为 3统和 9个阶 ,即 :下寒武统梅树村阶、筇竹寺阶、沧浪铺阶和龙王庙阶 ;中寒武统台江阶和王村阶 ;上寒武统酉水阶、瓦儿岗阶和桃源阶。     

内蒙古色尔腾山地区寒武系岩石地层单位的划分

色尔腾山地区寒武系，长期以来许多学者和单位，根据三叶虫化石的时代，将其划分为三个“统”级年代地层单位，并作为基本单位进行填图。显然不符合采用岩石地层单位进行填图的要求。本文首次根据地层多重划分原则，对本区寒武纪岩石地层单位进行了划分，自下而上建立了两个组，下部为色麻沟组；上部为老孤山组。本文还对层型剖面等进行了描述。     

安徽滁州一带寒武系最新划分方案

安徽滁州一带寒武系出露齐全,长期以来一直采用三分方案。随着地质研究程度的提高,全球寒武系开始采用四分方案。本文系统的梳理了滁州地区寒武系的划分历史,在详细论述滁州地区寒武系岩石地层特征的基础上,对比了区域寒武系地层与皖中南寒武系地层,进而提出了安徽滁州地区寒武系最新划分方案。     

宁镇山脉寒武系的划分和对比

本文依照岩石地层单位的含义,对宁镇山脉寒武系地层作了进一步研究,并与扬子区寒武系一些典型剖面进行了对比。对前人的划分方案作了修订和补充,将本区寒武系分为:下寒武统小仑山组(新名),幕府山组和迈皋桥组,下中寒武统炮台山组,中上寒武统观音台组。     

迎接寒武系全球年代地层的新划分——2004年版“国际地层表”述评

评述了国际地层委员会最新公布的2 0 0 4年版“国际地层表”的寒武系部分,包括它的底界全球层型和点位的确定和存在的问题、寒武系当前的再划分情况、芙蓉统和排碧阶及其底界全球层型剖面和点位、寒武系的时代跨度。介绍了全球寒武系年代地层的研究方向和正在表决中的全球寒武系最新划分方案。讨论了与我国寒武系年代地层的划分和建立地方性、区域性年代地层系统的相关问题     

新疆阿尔泰南缘冲乎尔一带多重地层划分对比研究

通过1:5万区域地质矿产调查,对研究区地层进行了多重地层划分与对比研究.岩石地层划分为喀纳斯群、康布铁堡组、阿勒泰组等1群2组3个正式地层单位和4个非正式段;生物地层新建双壳:Pterinopecten-Ptychoptedria(Cornellites?)组合带,研究了化石生态地层学特征,新建双壳Pterinopecten-Cypricardinia-Paracyclas群落.讨论了研究区内震旦-寒武系、泥盆系年代地层系统,新厘定了下泥盆统(未分)和新近系.根据化学元素特征将研究区地层划分为6段.     

雪峰山西侧地区寒武系地层划分与对比

在最新的寒武系“四统十阶”年代地层划分方案的框架下,根据对雪峰山西侧地区以三叶虫为主的生物地层资料的分析以及牙形石生物地层学的研究,探讨了雪峰山西侧地区寒武系各统内部的地层划分与对比问题,从而为这一地区提供了可靠的寒武系地层划分与对比方案.     

河南汝州寒武纪地层的多重划分

以现代地层学理论为指导,分析多重地层划分单位的标准,首次引入层序地层学,对寒武系进行层序地层的划分。在寒武世地层中识别出一个“1”型不整合层序界面,五个“2”型不整合层序界面,将寒武系划为一个超层序,详细研究了超层序内部不同类型层序的沉积特征。重点讨论了地球化学分层、层序地层与传统地层学的关系,重新厘定了寒武纪的岩石地层单位的划分,以河南汝州阳坡剖面为例说明多重划分理论的具体应用。     

苏皖北部晚前寒武纪地层层序的厘定

<正> 苏皖北部晚前寒武纪地层是指凤阳群不整合面之上,寒武系下统猴家山组平行不整合面之下的一套地层。这套地层在没有进行1:20万区域地质调查之前,前人的地质工作主要是在淮南,所建立起来的晚前寒武纪地层层序是正确的,如徐嘉炜(1959)所确定的晚前寒武纪地层层序及其划分(自下而上为下震旦统八公山统下部石英岩,它不整合在前震旦纪角闪片岩为主变质岩系上,其上为刘老碑页岩,再上为上部石英岩和上震旦统四顶山统泥质灰岩及泥灰岩层,其上是矽质灰岩,并被寒武系下统猴家山组平行不整合覆盖)是比较完善的。     

安徽省寒武纪地层最新划分方案

在对安徽省内寒武纪典型或标准地层剖面测量和总结的基础上,据中国地层表的四分方案,对区内寒武系进行了修订。安徽省寒武系顶底及各统界线也做了相应修定,其底界年龄为541Ma,第一与第二统界线年龄为521Ma,第二与三统界线年龄为507 Ma,第三四统界线年龄为497Ma,顶界年龄为485.4 Ma。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861