中国二叠纪植物群与地层分区的关系

中国二叠纪分布着安格拉植物群、华夏植物群和冈瓦纳植物群。三个植物在地地层中的分布是受古地理模式控制的，安格拉植物群沿北部边缘地层区，塔里木地层区展布；冈瓦纳植物群仅见于喜马拉雅地层区；华夏植物物群分布在华北地层区和华南地层区。三个植物群常混生有欧美植物群的分子。在植物群与地层分区关系的基础上，探讨了中国二叠纪植物群古气候特征。     

试论中国西部地区二叠纪植物区系特征

一九七五年至一九七九年,笔者研究了新疆、西藏地区的二叠纪地层及其所含的植物化石后,发现在新疆和西藏的古植物地理分区,以及其对安加拉和华夏、冈瓦纳三大植物区系的关系的研究探讨上是很有意义的。新疆北部地区(即北疆的准噶尔、吐鲁番两个盆地)二叠纪的植物基本上属“安加拉”型,即与苏联库兹涅茨盆地的库兹涅茨植物群相类似(库兹涅茨植物群也称“安加拉”植物群,是以该盆地中的“安加拉”河命名的)。但其中也有不少与华夏植物混生的情况出现。新疆南部的塔里木盆地则是以华夏植物群为主,在北缘亦有混生的安加拉型分子,而藏北是华夏植物区,藏南却是冈瓦纳植物区。总之,新疆、西藏地区在研究安加拉植     

中国早石炭世小孢子和微古植物地理区

中国早石炭世地层发育,沉积类型多样,动植物化石众多,研究程度较高。通过讨论中国早石炭世孢子演化事件,微古植物地理分区,沉积环境和古气候,进而探讨了中国早石炭世微古植物群与西欧、北美、前苏联和冈瓦纳大陆微古植物群之间的关系及中国早石炭世古地理位置。     

华夏植物群及其与全球同期植物群的比较

文中研究的焦点是华夏植物群及其与全球同期植物群的比较 ,并论证了石炭纪和二叠纪的古植物地理再造。在石炭纪和二叠纪 ,华夏植物区和欧美植物区皆位于具热带气候的赤道区 ,在类似的气候条件下 ,这两个地区的一些植物具有形态上的相似性。此外 ,华夏植物群含有一些与欧美植物群共有的分子 ;因此 ,这两个植物群的关系比较密切。尽管华夏植物群具有相当数量的分子是与欧美植物群所共有的 ,但是在大羽羊齿类植物中 ,在种级上两者并没有相同的成分。华夏植物群是以热带雨林气候为特征。在二叠纪 ,华夏区的气候比欧美区的气候更为湿润。华夏植物群的分子不同于安加拉植物群的分子 ;此外 ,安加拉植物群代表了温带气候条件。在石炭纪和二叠纪 ,冈瓦纳植物群分布在南半球高纬度地区 ,不同于分布于北半球低纬度的华夏植物群的组成分子 ;因此 ,这两个植物群没有必然联系。在石炭纪和二叠纪 ,在北半球华夏植物群与欧美植物群的一些植物在形态上的相似性以及在南半球 (西藏、沙特阿拉伯、土耳其、新几内亚和伊拉克 )一些华夏型分子的分布可以是起因于类似的气候条件、大陆位置、板块运动、洋流作用、古地理环境等因素的影响。华夏植物群与其同期植物群的差异反映了植物群成分、古气候、古地理位置和陆地生态系在时?     

滇西亲冈瓦纳微古植物的发现及其地质意义

本文首次报道滇西保山丁家寨组孢子花粉４０属５５种,其中新种Ｐｌｉｃａｔｉｐｏｌｅｎｉｔｅｓｂａｏｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ１个。丁家寨组的孢子花粉组合是一个以冈瓦纳植物地理区分子为主,兼有少量华夏植物地理区和其它植物地理区分子。丁家寨组的Ｐａｒａｓａｃｉｔｅｓｄｉｓｔｉｎｃｔｕｓ－Ｍｉｃｒｏｂａｃｕｌｉｓｐｏｒａｆｅｎｔｕｌａ（ＤＦ）孢子带可与冈瓦纳植物地理区Ｐａｒａｓａｃｉｔｅｓ孢子带比较,时代为阿舍尔阶（Ａｓｅｌｉａｎ）萨克马尔阶（Ｓａｋｍａｒｉａｎ）。丁家寨组的微古植物研究不仅有重要的地层学和古生物学意义,而且对研究冈瓦纳大陆与欧亚大陆之间的关系有着十分重要的意义。     

青海南部二叠纪类生物古地理区系

冈瓦纳与欧亚大陆间的昌都地块构造属性存在争议,解决问题的关键是生物古地理区系判别.青海南部二叠纪类化 石群的研究表明昌都地块该生物群一直表现为暖水的特提斯型,与华南地区始终表现出更多的相似性,其生物古地理归属应 为特提斯大区华夏-特提斯区华南亚区.昌都地块南界龙木错-双湖-澜沧江缝合带在早二叠世为划分青藏高原暖水型特提 斯区的南界,不仅是华南亚区与藏北冷暖混合亚区的分界线,也是特提斯大区与冈瓦纳大区的分界线.中二叠世以后该带不再 构成大区界线,但在确定次一级分区界线上仍是一个很好的划分标志;北界金沙江缝合带二叠纪两侧生物群表现出一致性, 未形成浅海底栖生物自由迁移的障碍,不具有生物古地理分区意义.      

豫西—皖北地区二叠纪植物地理区系性质探讨

基于对豫西－皖北地区和华北、华南二叠纪植物化石分布状况的全面对比统计,简略分析了豫西－皖北地区二叠纪植物群演替,将该区各阶期与华北及华南同期植物群进行了工对其间Simpson相似性系数作了求算。结果表明它应作为华夏植物各华北植物区内的一个次级植物地理单元对待其成因与华北、华南二叠纪时古板块的旋转、漂移、聚散等行为及其特定的古地理条件密切相关。     

论中国早石炭世珊瑚的地理区系

依据中国早石炭世珊瑚群特征的研究，岩关期珊瑚地理区系可分（一）北方珊瑚大区——中国北方珊瑚区：①兴安珊瑚分区以Ａｎｋｈｅｌａｓｍａ和Ｈｏｍａｌｏｐｈｙｌｉｔｅｓ等北美分子为主的单体不具鳞板的珊瑚；②准噶尔珊瑚分区以Ｋａｓｉｎｅｌａ，Ｈｅｂｕｋｅｐｈｙｙｌｕｍ等欧亚分子为主体的单体无鳞板珊瑚。（二）特提斯珊瑚大区——中国南方珊瑚区：①华南珊瑚分区以Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ－Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｕｒａｌｉｎｉａ为代表的珊瑚群；②西部珊瑚分区以Ｂｅｉｃｈｕａｎｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ－Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｐｈｙｌｉａ－Ｈｕｍｂｏｌｄｔｉａ为代表的珊瑚群。大塘期珊瑚地理区系可分（一）特提斯珊瑚大区——Ｋ．Ｙ．珊瑚区：①北天山—吉中珊瑚分区以Ｙｕａｎｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ－Ｇａｎｇａｍｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ－Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｐｈｙｌｉａ为代表的珊瑚群；②南部珊瑚分区以Ｙｕａｎｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ－Ｋｅｉｃｈｏｕｐｈｙｌｕｍ为代表的珊瑚群。（二）冈瓦纳珊瑚大区——藏南珊瑚区：①冈底斯—口念青唐古拉珊瑚分区以Ｒｈｏｐａｌｏｌａｓｍａ－Ｍｉｒｕｓｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ为代表的小型单体无鳞板的珊瑚群；②喜马拉雅珊瑚分区以Ｌｏｎｇｉｃｌａｖａ－Ｃｕｍｍｉｎｓｉａ为代表的单体不具鳞     

中国早石炭世晚期植物地理分区问题初见

分析了近年来发现于辽东太子河流域早石炭世晚期植物群以及中国其它地区同期植物群的性质后认为,在中国,早石炭世晚期植物地理分区现象已经出现,以塔里木盆地北缘向东至华北板块北缘一线为界。在这条界限以北为安加拉植物地理区,以南则为欧美-华夏植物地理区.     

藏南昂仁县贡久布地区晚二叠世孢粉组合的特征及其意义

贡久布一带的敌布错组分布于隆格尔-南木林地层分区,含较丰富的孢子花粉化石,以华夏植物群孢子花粉为特征,同时采获大量的植物化石,其时代为晚二叠世早期。根据地层中孢子花粉的演化规律,可建立Vetreisporitessignatus-Limitisporitesrectus孢子花粉组合带。丰富了古生物学的研究内容,为研究该区晚二叠世的沉积环境、古生态、生物古地理分区和地质演化历史提供了基础资料。结合区域资料分析,认为植物组合由冈瓦纳植物群与华夏植物群混生到典型华夏植物群是逐渐演化的。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861