应用顺磁性液体测量微小矿物比重和磁化系数的初步研究

一、前言 比重是矿物的一个重要物理常数。迄今为止,测量比重已有多种经典方法。但对于测量微小矿物比重及扩大比重测量范围,已有的方法已不能满足要求。为此,笔者利用六十年代后发展起来的磁流体新技术,利用对于仅在垂直方向上有梯度变化的磁场中,顺磁性液体具有“按比重分层的现象”这一原理、实现了测定微小矿物比重和磁化系数。该方法可对粒度在170—30目、磁化系数小于100×10~(-6)emu矿物的比重和磁化系数进行测量,范围可达21g/cm~3。通过对一些纯金属及矿物的实测、表明该方法是成功的。     

珍珠岩的显微比重测定

比重是矿物、岩石的重要物理常数之一,也是鉴定岩石、矿物种属的一个重要参数。测定比重的方法较多,直接的方法有比重瓶法、静水力学法、悬浮法和显微比重法;间接的方法如 X 射线法、岩石化学法、折射率法等。对于人工火山玻璃比重前人作了许多工作,但对于酸性火山玻璃的比重国内缺乏系统的报导,而酸性火山玻璃熔岩(即珍珠岩、松脂岩、黑曜岩,以下简称珍珠岩)作为一种新的矿产资源正在日益被重视,因此研究其物理     

WBC—1型微小矿物比重仪研制成功

我所研制的应用顺磁液体测量微小矿物比重和磁化系数仪于1933年10月通过鉴定。现已投入小批量生产。欢迎用户订购。仪器主要性能指标:对比重在10以下矿物测定,其测量误差大都在0.05以下。比重值愈小,测量精度     

用克列里奇液测定细小微量矿物比重的方法

比重是矿物的一个重要物理常数,已有许多比较完善和精确的测定方法。由于矿物研究工作的深入,常常遇到一些细小、微量矿物,有时只有一、二粒,它们的比重无法用一些常规方法来测定,因而测定矿物比重的重液悬浮法日益受到了重视。重液的种类很多,比较理想的是克列里奇液,能够测出比重小于4.2的各种矿物的比重。方法操作简便、迅速,测定精度较高。本文就是阐述用克列里奇液测定细小微量矿物比重的方法和经验的。     

用克列里奇液测定细小微量矿物比重的方法

比重是矿物的一个重要物理常数,已有许多比较完善和精确的测定方法。由于矿物研究工作的深入,常常遇到一些细小、微量矿物,有时只有一、二粒,它们的比重无法用一些常规方法来测定,因而测定矿物比重的重液悬浮法日益受到了重视。重液的种类很多,比较理想的是克列里奇液,能够测出比重小于4.2的各种矿物的比重。方法操作简便、迅速,测定精度较高。本文就是阐述用克列里奇液测定细小微量矿物比重的方法和经验的。     

岩石比重的成分计算法

指出了在分析变质作用中成分和体积变化时，需考虑岩石比重的影响，岩石比重除直接测定法外，介绍了利用岩石矿物成分和化学成分计算比重的方法。     

多功能JS-950矿物包体爆裂谱仪

一、前言近年来,国内外利用矿物气液爆裂法测定矿物形成的温度,使应用矿物包体找矿的“三晕”方法研究有较大的进展。在铀矿普查勘探中应用包体、“氡晕”、“二氧化碳晕”显示矿化地段已收到一定成效。为了促进该方法的研究和应用,并针对爆裂法破坏性测量的特点,1980年开始研制JS-950型爆裂谱仪(图1)。该仪器不仅能确定矿物形成的温度,测定包体爆     

序

<正>自然重砂测量是利用矿床或含矿岩石中某些矿物在风化、搬运、沉积和富集的地质作用过程中,由于物理性质(硬度、比重、解理等)和化学性质的差异,在残坡积层或水系沉积物(冲积层)中沉积并被鉴定出的密度较大(密度一般大于2.9g/cm~3)、相对硬度高、耐风化的自然矿物进行找矿的一种地质矿物找矿方法。自然重砂可作为指示性矿物,追索原岩产出位置,研究原岩成因,因此具有找矿指示意义。中国自然重砂测量工作是在20世纪50—80年代伴随1:20万(包括部分1:5万)区域地     

基于热红外遥感数据的西藏冈底斯东段岩性识别

ASTER数据包含有从太空测量来自地球表面的多光谱热红外辐射数据。通过对JHU光谱库中岩石矿物热红外光谱特征的分析,以及对ASTER影像TIR波段光谱特征进行分析,利用比值法和光谱角制图法SAM相结合进行石英、砂岩和硅酸盐岩类等造岩矿物识别并在西藏冈底斯东段泽当矿田应用,最后将遥感解译分析结果与该区已的地质资料进行比较。结果表明,ASTER影像TIR波段基本上能识别硅酸盐类造岩矿物,并且对于岩性识别具有很大的应用潜力。     

在显微镜下测定矿物比重的方法

固体的比重是指物体的重量与其体积的比值.在数值上与物体的密度相等.可按如下公式计算物体比重值:?式中:D——物体比重,P——物体重量,V——物体体积.比重是矿物的主要物理常数之一,根据比重值来鉴别矿物是研究岩石矿物的一种方法.测定矿物比重值的方法很多,如比重瓶测定法,量筒法、比重计测定法、扭力天平测定法和在液体     

Analysis of the ferromagnetic contribution to the susceptibility by low field and high field methods in sedimentary rocks of the Southern Pyrenees and Northern Ebro foreland basin (Spain)

Magnetic susceptibility in rocks is the sum of the contributions of different magnetic particles (paramagnetic, diamagnetic and ferromagnetic s.l.). These contributions can be measured at variable temperatures or at variable fields (hysteresis loops). Both are time‐consuming techniques that cannot be routinely used in magnetic fabrics analysis. In this study, we propose a simplified method to determine the ferro‐ and paramagnetic contributions to the susceptibility, based on the discrete measurement of susceptibility at two different fields (near 0 and 2.5 T). The results obtained in samples from the Southern Pyrenees and Ebro Basin indicate that the ferromagnetic contribution vary considerably within homogeneous susceptibility values and within the expected range of paramagnetic values. Standard bulk susceptibilities higher than 200 10^?6 SI contribute significantly to the ferromagnetic fraction (>50% on average).     

A feasibility study simulating superconducting magnetic separators for weakly-magnetic ores

A “straight-wire” flow-through magnetic ore separator has been designed, built, and successfully used to separate magnetite from synthetic slurries. The purpose of these experiments was to simulate the field profile of a “straight-wire” superconducting magnetic separator which would be capable of separating weakly-magnetic hematite ore from typical slurries. Magnetite is used as the test mineral because it experiences the same magnetic forces at low field as does hematite at high field; thereby making possible less expensive low-field simulation.The present separator concept is based on the fact that there is a particle concentration profile due to the gravity field for low-velocity turbulent flow. When an upward magnetic force is applied, the concentration profile of magnetic particles can be reversed leaving the nonmagnetic particles flowing alone at the bottom of the channel. By means of a divider at the end of the channel, the concentrate is separated from the tailings. It is shown that the time needed to deflect hematite particles in a narrow cylindrical channel concentric with the superconducting wire is small enough so that high throughputs in the turbulent flow region are possible. In the case of a high-field superconducting separator, the centrifugal force could replace gravity by rotating the flow around a straight-wire conductor.     

Mineral processing characteristics of natural zeolites from the Aritayn Formation of northeast Jordan

The inferior grade of natural zeolite ores in comparison to their synthetic counterparts has been identified as a possible factor responsible for the relatively small market share of the former. This paper describes the results of laboratory-scale mineral processing trials carried out on relatively low-grade natural zeolite ores from the Aritayn Formation of northeast Jordan to improve their purity through removal of unwanted gangue constituents. Appropriate sample preparation and mineral processing methods were selected which utilised contrasts in texture, particle-size, hardness, specific gravity and magnetic susceptibility between gangue and target constituents to achieve beneficiation. Sample preparation by autogenous comminution was able to selectively liberate zeolite minerals from the surface of pyroclasts and therefore was an effective method of pre-concentration. Subsequently, using widely-available magnetic and gravity separation equipment, a high-grade concentrate containing 89% zeolite was produced at a recovery of 37% from a lapilli tuff of 47% head grade.     

Unraveling magnetic fabrics

The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility has been proven to be an excellent indicator for mineral fabrics and therefore deformation in a rock or sediment. Low-field anisotropy is relatively rapid to measure so that a sufficient number of samples can be measured to obtain a good statistical representation of the magnetic fabric. The physical properties of individual minerals that contribute to the observed magnetic fabric include bulk susceptibility and intrinsic anisotropy of the mineral phase, its volume concentration, and its degree of alignment. Several techniques have been developed to separate magnetic subfabrics arising from magnetization types, i.e., ferrimagnetism, antiferromagnetism, paramagnetism, and diamagnetism. Susceptibility anisotropy can be measured in low or high fields and at different temperatures in order to isolate a particular subfabric. Measuring the anisotropy of a remanent magnetization can also isolate ferrimagnetic fabrics. A series of case studies are presented that exemplify the value of isolating magnetic subfabrics in a geological context. It is particularly useful in rocks that carry a paramagnetic and diamagnetic subfabric of similar magnitude, such that they negate one another. Further examples are provided for purely paramagnetic subfabrics and cases where a ferrimagnetic subfabric is also identified.     

江苏矿产资源潜力评价重力专题属性库结构

介绍了基于MapGIS平台的重力测量工作程度图、布格重力异常图、剩余重力异常图和重力推断地质构造图属性库结构及字段要求,属性库规范、有序,已在江苏矿产资源潜力评价中得到应用。     

Research of the Rock Magnetic Susceptibility Characteristics in Southern Hotan Region in Xinjiang

In order to cooperate with 1∶ 50000 aeromagnetic survey work, master the rock magnetic characteristics and fill in the material blank of rock magnetic susceptibility data in southern Hotan Region in Xinjiang, we carried out regional rock magnetic susceptibility investigation work in the region from 2013 to 2015 years, completed properties measurement work of 331 points, obtained 10 256 effective volume magnetic susceptibility data and collected 270 pieces of rock samples. According to classified statistics in detail for the measured data and further analysis, we found that the magnetic susceptibility of this region rocks was mainly influenced by the mineral composition of rocks, structure and space-temporal distribution. The magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks was mainly decided by the content of the biotite in rocks, and the contribution of biotite to the magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks was higher than other super paramagnetic minerals. The magnetic susceptibility of the same lithology rocks was high along the distribution of deep fault, and was relatively low along the secondary fracture distribution. The magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks in early Paleozoic was higher than the magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks in the late Paleozoic. This research work can provide an important basis for the aeromagnetic data interpretation, geological prospecting and tectonic evolution research.     

A theoretical approach to the magnetic flocculation of weakly magnetic minerals

Energy of interaction of a system of mineral paramagnetic and diamagnetic particles of colloidal dimensions is calculated under the influence of external magnetic field according to DLVO theory. Conditions of rapid flocculation into a potential well are derived in terms of threshold magnetic field as a function of particle size and magnetic susceptibility. The effect of surface potential, Debye-Hückel reciprocal length parameter and Hamaker constant is briefly discussed. The values of the flocculating magnetic field correspond more closely to reality than other theoretical models.     

天津周边海-陆过渡地区航空重力调查及主要成果

随着人类对海洋矿产资源需求的日益增加,海洋基础地质调查对海洋矿产资源勘探具有重要意义。我国海洋地质地球物理调查起步较晚,整体工作程度较低,而航空重力测量作为一种快速高效的地球物理测量方法,对加强海洋基础地质调查研究具有重要作用。2006年我国引进了国际先进的GT-1A航空重力测量系统,并于2011年首次在天津周边海-陆过渡地区开展了1:20万比例尺航空重力测量工作,完成了高质量的航空重力测量数据3万测线公里,在海-陆过渡地区实现了海-陆连续测量,填补了研究区内高精度航空重力测量的空白。阐述了本次航空重力调查工作取得的主要成果,并从航空重力的角度对研究区内石臼坨凸起进行了研究,认为石臼坨凸起基底具有分段性,并圈定出新的基岩凸起构造,为石臼坨凸起油气资源的进一步勘探提供方向; 同时对渤中凹陷正高磁异常体可能的地质成因进行了探讨。对海-陆过渡地区主要构造单元的重力场特征进行研究,在基底和断裂研究方面取得的新认识对海-陆过渡地区基础地质和环境研究具有重要意义。     

Description of an aerodynamic levitation apparatus with applications in Earth sciences

Background  

In aerodynamic levitation, solids and liquids are floated in a vertical gas stream. In combination with CO₂-laser heating, containerless melting at high temperature of oxides and silicates is possible. We apply aerodynamic levitation to bulk rocks in preparation for microchemical analyses, and for evaporation and reduction experiments.     

适用于青藏高原地区中大比例尺重力勘查的大地测量方法技术研究

中大比例尺重力勘查工作是各种物探方法中对大地测量精度(尤其是高程精度)要求最高的一种。近年来,在青藏高原地区开展的矿产地质调查项目中越来越多地应用了重力勘查手段,但由于青藏高原地区特殊的自然地理及人文环境,基础测绘程度低,因此,一些在人口稠密、经济发达的内地开展工作时常用的成熟大地测量方法在青藏高原地区已不方便或出现了新的问题。本文通过对青藏高原地区近年来开展中大比例尺重力勘查时测量工作遇到的实际问题进行梳理研究,结合具有针对性地方法技术试验成果,总结了一套解决问题的方法,可作为今后青藏高原及类似困难地区开展中大比例尺重力勘测时的参考。