俄罗斯含煤洼地中新的稀土和金-铂族元素矿化类型

俄罗斯含煤洼地中新的稀土和金－铂族元素矿化类型＠Ｖ．Ｖ．Ｓｅｒｅｄｉｎ＠王金平俄罗斯含煤洼地中新的稀土和金－铂族元素矿化类型对俄罗斯远东地区新生代含煤洼地褐煤矿床中的稀土元素（ＲＥＥ）、Ａｕ－Ｐｔ族元素（ＰＧＥ）矿化进行了详细的研究，这些资料可能有助于研究...     

拉尔玛—邛莫金矿床的地质特征及成矿模式

拉尔玛－邛莫金矿床产于西秦岭南亚带寒武系硅岩建造中，受地层，岩性，构造控制十分明显，但与其它层控金矿相床比较，该矿床不仅含矿主岩特殊，而且矿石矿物和元素组合十分复杂，矿床中除Ａｕ外，Ｃｕ，Ｕ，Ｍｏ，Ｓｂ，Ｖ，Ｚｎ等元素在局部地段亦可圈出独立矿体。同时，矿床中存在铂族元素（ＰＧＥ）铟的高异常以及硒的矿化富集体，从而构成了Ａｕ－Ｃｕ－Ｕ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｅ－ＰＧＥ建造矿床，研究表明，金矿床的形成，至少经历了喷     

西秦岭寒武系层控金矿床中成矿元素富集规律

产于西秦岭南亚带寒武系硅岩建造中的金矿床, 是我国境内发现的一种与海底喷流作用有关的、具有独特地质特征的层控金矿床。成矿元素富集规律研究表明, 矿床中富集的元素种类十分丰富, 不仅含有具基性、超基性特征的元素群, 而且含有具酸性特征的元素群, 元素组合相当复杂。除Ａｕ 外, Ｃｕ、Ｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｂ、Ｖ、Ｚｎ等在局部地段亦可圈出独立的矿体。尤为重要的是, 矿床中铂族元素（ＰＧＥ）、分散元素（Ｓｅ、Ｉｎ） 的富集程度达到了综合利用的程度, 从而构成特殊的Ａｕ－Ｃｕ－Ｕ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｅ－ＰＧＥ建造矿床。     

蚀变超基性岩金（镍）矿床中的贵金属元素──以云南墨江金矿和陕西煎茶岭金矿为例

云南墨江金矿和陕西煎茶岭金矿中Ａｇ、Ａｕ和ＰＧＥ（铂族元素）的丰度和共生状况如下：（１）两矿床中的Ａｇ－Ａｕ关系呈三种情况：硅质岩型矿石和其他类型低品位金矿石中Ａｇ－Ａｕ基本上不具相关关系；石英脉型矿石中Ａｇ－Ａｕ呈明显的正相关关系；氧化矿石中Ａｇ－Ａｕ呈负相关关系。（２）所有样品中的ＰＧＥ均低于７１×１０（－６），其ＰＧＥ的特征是Ｐｔ≥Ｐｄ和Ｒｕ＞Ｏｓ、Ｉｒ、Ｒｈ。（３）这些样品的地幔标准化ＰＧＥ分布模式是以Ｒｈ为峰的上凸曲线，而墨江样品又具Ｉｒ的负异常。与一般超基性岩的情况不同，这些样品的模式曲线中Ｐｄ－Ａｕ部分呈陡弯折，它表明矿化元素金可能主要由区域成矿流体提供。     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF WATER-ROCK HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN ISOTOPE EXCHANGE IN XIANGSHAN URANIUM ORE-FIELD

ＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＷＡＴＥＲ－ＲＯＣＫＨＹＤＲＯＧＥＮＡＤＯＸＹＧＥＮＩＳＯＴＯＰＥＥＸＣＨＡＮＧＥＩＮＸＩＡＮＧＳＨＡＮＵＲＡＮＩＵＭＯＲＥ－ＦＩＥＬＤTXＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＷＡＴＥＲＲＯＣＫＨＹＤＲＯＧＥＮ...     

SOME FEATURES OF THE PERMIAN-TRIASSIC GASTROPOD FAUNAS IN CHINA

ＳＯＭＥＦＥＡＴＵＲＥＳＯＦＴＨＥＰＥＲＭＩＡＮＴＲＩＡＳＳＩＣＧＡＳＴＲＯＰＯＤＦＡＵＮＡＳＩＮＣＨＩＮＡＰａｎＹｕｎ－ｔａｎｇＧｒａｄｕａｔｅＳｃｈｏｌ,ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｏｆＣｈｉｎａ,Ｂｅｉｊ...     

缅甸铂族金属砂矿中的矿物种类

采用电子探针分析（ＥＰＭＡ），对缅甸铂族金属砂矿中的矿物种类进行了研究。物质组成研究查明：主要组合矿物是Ｐｔ、Ｉｒ、Ｏｓ、Ｒｕ的自然元素和金属互化物。主要矿物是自然铂矿、铁铂合金、钌铱锇矿、等轴锇铱矿和铱锇矿。次要及稀有矿物是铂族金属的硫化物、砷化物、包括（Ｒｈ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ）２Ａｓ和（Ｒｈ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ、Ｎｉ）２Ａｓ两种陌生矿物、锑化物，以及含铂族元素的Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ硫化物。     

GEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF MU US DESERT EVO-LUTION SINCE 0.5MAB.P.

ＧＥＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＥＶＩＤＥＮＣＥＯＦＭＵＵＳＤＥＳＥＲＴＶＯ－ＬＵＴＩＯＮＳＩＮＣＥ０．５ＭＡＢ．Ｐ．TXＧＥＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＥＶＩＤＥＮＣＥＯＦＭＵＵＳＤＥＳＥＲＴＥＶＯ┐ＬＵＴＩＯＮＳＩＮＣＥ０．５ＭＡＢ．Ｐ．ＳｕｎＪｉｍｉｎ，ＤｉｎｇＺｈｏｎ...     

河北红石砬铂矿床铂、钯地球化学异常特征

红石砬铂矿地球化学异常组分简单,仅发育Ｐｔ和Ｐｄ的强异常,部分伴生Ａｕ异常,不伴生Ｃｒ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｖ、Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ａｇ、Ｐｂ等元素异常。岩石、土壤、水系沉积物中Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ的分布和异常模式与铂族矿化特征、矿体剥蚀程度及其表生地球化学行为等有关。矿体出露地表时,Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ呈强异常分布,异常的ｗ（Ｐｔ）／ｗ（Ｐｄ）比值与矿石中ｗ（Ｐｔ）／ｗ（Ｐｄ）比率基本一致;隐伏矿体上方,Ｐｄ有明显的浓集,ｗ（Ｐｔ）／ｗ（Ｐｄ）比值小于地表矿体。表生环境中,Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ可以呈矿物碎屑、可溶态等多种形式迁移,在疏松沉积物中形成异常。因此,以Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ作为直接指示元素,进行地球化学勘查,可以发现这种类型的铂族矿床。     

FUCHSITE QUARTZITE IN ARCHEAN CAOZHUANG GROUP OF EASTERN HEBEI,CHINA AND ITS GEOLOGICAL IMPLIC-ATION

ＦＵＣＨＳＩＴＥＱＵＡＲＴＺＩＴＥＩＮＡＲＣＨＥＡＮＣＡＯＺＨＵＡＮＧＧＲＯＵＰＯＦＥＡＳＴＥＲＮＨＥＢＥＩ，ＣＨＩＮＡＡＮＤＩＴＳＧＥＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＩＭＰＬＩＣ－ＡＴＩＯＮTXＦＵＣＨＳＩＴＥＱＵＡＲＴＺＩＴＥＩＮＡＲＣＨＥＡＮＣＡＯＺＨＵＡＮＧＧ...     

Platinum-Group Element Geochemical Characteristics of the Picrites and High-Ti Basalts in the Binchuan Area,Yunnan Province

The Binchuan area of Yunnan is located in the western part of the Emeishan large igneous province in the western margin of the Yangtze Block.In the present study,the Wuguiqing profile in thickness of about 1440 m is mainly composed of high-Ti basalts,with minor picrites in the lower part and andesites,trachytes,and rhyolites in the upper part.The picrites have relatively higher platinum-group element（PGE） contents（ΣPGE=16.3-28.2 ppb）,with high Cu/Zr and Pd/Zr ratios,and low S contents（5.03-16.9 ppm）,indicating the parental magma is S-unsaturated and generated by high degree of partial melting of the Emeishan large igneous province（ELIP） mantle source.The slightly high Cu/Pd ratios（11 000-24 000） relative to that of the primitive mantle suggest that 0.007%sulfides have been retained in the mantle source.The PGE contents of the high-Ti basalts exhibit a wider range（ΣPGE=0.517-30.8 ppb）.The samples in the middle and upper parts are depleted in PGE and haveε_Nd（260 Ma） ratios ranging from -2.8 to -2.2,suggesting that crustal contamination of the parental magma during ascent triggered sulfur saturation and segregation of about 0.446%-0.554% sulfides,and the sulfide segregation process may also provide the ore-forming material for the magmatic Cu-Ni-PGE sulfide deposits close to the studied basalts.The samples in this area show Pt-Pd type primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns,and the Pd/Ir ratios are higher than that of the primitive mantle（Pd/Ir=1）,indicating that the obvious differentiation between Ir-group platinum-group elements（IPGE） and Pd-group platinum-group elements（PPGE） are mainly controlled by olivine or chromites fractionation during magma evolution.The Pd/Pt ratios of most samples are higher than the average ratio of mantle（Pd/Pt=0.55）,showing that the differentiation happened between Pt and Pd.The differentiation in picrites may be relevant to Pt hosted in discrete refractory Pt-alloy phase in the mantle;whereas the differentiation in the high-Ti basalts is probably associated with the fractionation of Fe-Pt alloys,coprecipitating with Ir-Ru-Os alloys.Some high-Ti basalt samples exhibit negative Ru anomalies,possibly due to removal of laurite collected by the early crystallized chromites.     

豆荚状铬铁矿铂族元素地球化学研究进展

豆荚状铬铁矿是蛇绿岩中特有的一类矿产，按其化学成分可分为高Cr型和高Al型两种。其中的PGE主要以RuS2和Os、Ir、Ru合金等包体形式存在，或以类质同像形式进入铬铁矿晶格。两种类型的铬铁矿均表现出负倾斜型PGE配分模式，其Pt、Pd含量相近；与高Al型铬铁矿相比，高Cr型铬铁矿有更高的Os、Ir、Ru含量，部分豆荚状铬铁矿表现出Pt、Pd相对富集的平坦到正倾斜型PGE配分模式。目前对豆荚状铬铁矿PGE含量及配分模式还缺少一个统一的解释，但其PGE地球化学可为豆荚状铬铁矿的成因及构造背景解释提供更多的信息。     

ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENTS (PGE) IN PERIDOTITE FROM THE DAGZHUKA OPHIOLITE IN TIBET:IMPLICATIONS FOR MANTLE METASOMATISM

ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENTS (PGE) IN PERIDOTITE FROM THE DAGZHUKA OPHIOLITE IN TIBET:IMPLICATIONS FOR MANTLE METASOMATISM     

四川木落稀土矿床方解石铂族元素地球化学特征

方解石作为木落稀土矿床常见的脉石矿物,其中的铂族元素(简称PGE)地球化学特征有可能记录了地质流体的性质。采用ICP-MS分析木落方解石中PGE的含量,并对铂族元素的分布、相关性、成因进行了探讨。木落方解石可以分为两类:I型方解石和Ⅱ型方解石。I型方解石中∑PGE(不含Os)0.62～1.33ng/g,具相对低的Pd/Pt、Pd/Rh、Pd/Ru、Pd/Ir比值,不太显著的Pt-Pd分配模式,为岩浆成因方解石,与成矿作用密切相关;Ⅱ型方解石中∑PGE(不含Os)1.85～2.97ng/g,具相对高的Pd/Pt、Pd/Rh、Pd/Ru、Pd/Ir比值和显著的Pt-Pd分配模式,为热液成因方解石,代表了成矿作用后的一期地质流体作用,与成矿关系不大,仅局部地区存在改造前次流体作用形成的稀土矿体。富CO2热液具有携带PGE的能力,并能够导致PGE的分异,与富CO2岩浆相比,富CO2热液对铂族元素具有一定程度的富集作用。     

Platinum-group element abundances in the upper mantle: new constraints from in situ and whole-rock analyses of Massif Central xenoliths (France)

Fourteen peridotite xenoliths collected in the Massif Central neogene volcanic province (France) have been analyzed for platinum-group elements (PGE), Au, Cu, S, and Se. Their total PGE contents range between 3 and 30 ppb and their PGE relative abundances from 0.01 to 0.001 × CI-chondrites, respectively. Positive correlations between total PGE contents and Se suggest that all of the PGE are hosted mainly in base metal sulfides (monosulfide solid solution [Mss], pentlandite, and Cu-rich sulfides [chalcopyrite/isocubanite]). Laser ablation microprobe-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses support this conclusion while suggesting that, as observed in experiments on the Cu-Fe-Ni-S system, the Mss preferentially accommodate refractory PGEs (Os, Ir, Ru, and Rh) and Cu-rich sulfides concentrate Pd and Au. Poikiloblastic peridotites pervasively percolated by large silicate melt fractions at high temperature (1200°C) display the lowest Se (<2.3 ppb) and the lowest PGE contents (0.001 × CI-chondrites). In these rocks, the total PGE budget inherited from the primitive mantle was reduced by 80%, probably because intergranular sulfides were completely removed by the silicate melt. In contrast, protogranular peridotites metasomatized by small fractions of volatile-rich melts are enriched in Pt, Pd, and Au and display suprachondritic Pd/Ir ratios (1.9). The palladium-group PGE (PPGE) enrichment is consistent with precipitation of Cu-Ni-rich sulfides from the metasomatic melts. In spite of strong light rare earth element (LREE) enrichments (Ce/Yb_N < 10), the three harzburgites analyzed still display chondrite-normalized PGE patterns typical of partial melting residues, i.e., depleted in Pd and Pt relative to Ir and Ru. Likewise, coarse-granular lherzolites, a common rock type in Massif Central xenoliths, display Pd/Ir, Ru/Ir, Rh/Ir, and Pt/Ir within the 15% uncertainty range of chondritic meteorites. These rocks do not contradict the late-veneer hypothesis that ascribes the PGE budget of the Earth to a late-accreting chondritic component; however, speculations about this component from the Pd/Ir and Pt/Ir ratios of basalt-borne xenoliths may be premature.     

中国铬铁矿的铂族元素分布特征

用NiS溶解和Te沉淀方法富集铂族元素（PGE），制成镍扣，再溶解于浓HCl中，使PGE和Te一起沉淀。制备的样品溶液在ELAN－5000型电感耦合等离子质谱仪（ICP－MS）上分析PGE。中国铬铁矿矿石，包括蛇绿岩套中的豆荚状铬铁矿床、非层状侵入体铬铁矿，计13个矿床（化）样品，其PGE模式表明，主要呈RU正异常模式，个别不同模式是由母岩不同以及铂族元素矿化叠加引起的。铬铁矿的PGE模式不取决于铬铁矿的化学成分，而取决于其母岩性质以及形成温度和铂族元素的熔点。     

金川铜镍硫化物矿床岩浆通道型矿体地质地球化学特征

金川铜镍硫化物矿床6行富铜（铂族）矿体曾因Cu、Pt、Pd等含量明显高于相邻其它矿体而被认为是岩浆期后热液叠加作用的产物,研究发现,空间上该矿体受断层构造控制,在矿石组构、矿物组成和硫同位素组成方面与相邻岩浆融离型1号矿体一致,显示了该矿体岩浆成矿作用的特征。在元素地球化学方面,6行富铜（铂族）矿体的Cu、Ni、Pt、Pd含量及Cu/Ni比值明显高于1号主矿体,而Os、Ir、Rh、Ru却明显低于后者,同时,前者相对富含LREE,轻、重稀土分异程度高于后者。根据硫化物结晶分异过程中金属元素分配规律及稀土元素特征,阐明了6行富铜（铂族）矿体为岩浆通道型矿体,是岩浆硫化物晚期结晶的产物。矿区中西部存在的Cu、Ni、Pt、Pd、Au等含量高,而Os、Ir、Rh、Ru含量低的部位,是寻找岩浆通道型矿体的有利部位。     

北大别白垩纪镁铁－超镁铁岩的铂族元素地球化学研究

采用镍锍火试金法结合ICP-MS分析了12个北大别白垩纪镁铁-超镁铁岩样品的Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt和Pd的含量,结果显示铂族元素（PGE）的含量较低,原始地幔标准化后的PGE分布模式呈正斜率型,PPGE相对原始地幔略微亏损,而IPGE强烈亏损,Pd/Ir值远高于相应的地幔比值。这些镁铁-超镁铁岩中PGE的强烈分异是地幔低程度的部分熔融过程中,PPGE主要受硫化物控制,而Ir则存在于非硫化物相如尖晶石,可能还有合金之中造成的。同时,铂族元素的分布特征表明这些镁铁-超镁铁岩是岩浆结晶分异的产物。     

The characteristics of automobile catalyst-derived platinum group elements in road dusts and roadside soils: a case study in the Pearl River Delta region,South China

The emission of platinum group elements (PGE) from automobile catalytic converters has led to enrichment of PGE in road dusts and roadside soils in urban areas that are well above the natural background levels. This paper evaluates the source of contamination of all the PGE and Au in road dusts and roadside soils in the Pearl River Delta region, including three major cities, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Hong Kong, South China. Samples were digested using Carius tube and analyzed by isotope dilution ICP-MS; Os was separated by distillation and other PGE by Te-coprecipitation. All samples have elevated PGE concentrations above the background values of uncontaminated soils and contain higher Pt, Pd and Rh than other PGE. The maximum values are 181 ng/g Pt, 514 ng/g Pd, 53 ng/g Rh and 1345 ng/g Au. There are clear positive correlations between Pt and Pd, Pt and Rh, and Pd and Rh, indicating that the main emitted of PGE from automobile catalyst are Pt, Pd and Rh. High concentrations of Au were also found in road dust samples from Hong Kong and Shenzhen. Dust samples with higher Os contents have lower ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios. Samples from Hong Kong show relatively high Pt/Rh ratios. Positive correlations between Pt and Ru, and Pt and Ir were found in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, but only positive correlations between Pt and Ir were found in Guangzhou. These different characteristics reflect different automobile catalytic systems used in Hong Kong and mainland China.