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1998年2月4日阿富汗北部地区发生里氏6.1级破坏性地震,造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失,至少20几个村庄被毁,4450人死亡,2000多人受伤,数万人无家可归。本文综合介绍了这次地震的破坏和人员伤亡,地震参数,发震背景,地质构造的历史地震记录及抗震救灾情况等。 相似文献
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地震目录资料是进行地震预测、地震危险性分析、地震活动性研究等地震学研究的基础资料.对地震目录资料的完整性可靠性分析是地震学研究的基础工作之一.近几十年来我国积累的大量的仪器地震记录,历史地震也在不断更新,为地震活动性研究提供了更为丰富的样本,因此有必要对新的地震目录进行完整性分析.本文采用了新的统计方法对我国仪器记录地震目录和历史破坏性地震目录进行了完整性分析.结果表明,对于仪器记录地震目录(M≥3.0)我国东部地区1975年后基本完整,西部地区1980年后基本完整.对于历史地震目录(M≥5.0),东部地区1500年后基本完整,西部地区1950年后基本完整.考虑到华北地震区历史破坏性地震(M≥43/4)活动的时间非平稳性,我们采用突变点分析法研究了华北地震区历史破坏性地震目录的时间特征,得到了华北地震区地震活动周期性变化的突变点位置,并揭示了华北地震区历史破坏性地震目录完整起始时间约为公元1500年前后. 相似文献
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1997年5月10日伊朗东北涪霍拉桑省加恩-比尔兼德地区发生了一次7.1级破坏性地震。该地区1968年1979年曾发生两次地震,造成发大的破坏和人损伤亡。遭受破坏的地区位于伊朗中东部地震构造带的东北部。现有资料表明,该地区自1968年8月31日达什特巴亚兹7.3级地震以来,地震活动水平显著地加。 相似文献
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16世纪初云南永胜发生过一次破坏性地震,长期以来其强度判定成为疑难问题。本文通过解读《明实录》以及地方志中相关史料记载认为,由于对《明实录》相关记述解读有误,以及采信了“石门阙”“田陷成湖”等地方志衍袭夸大、与自然规律相矛盾的记载,并“捆绑”了大理、鹤庆等2次破坏性地震,《中国历史强震目录》高判了此震强度,导致其地震影响场有悖于地震影响衰减的一般规律。本文分析表明,此地震时间为“弘治十五年七月己亥(1502年8月31日)”,强度≤7级。此永胜地震的强度问题会影响该地区未来地震的危险性分析、判断等。 相似文献
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从历史最大地震烈度分布图分析,可知揭阳、汕头、潮州三市位于Ⅶ~Ⅷ度高地震烈度区。该城市群地震灾害有以下特点:市区发生破坏性地震的潜在危险性大;地震时市区地震烈度高,地震灾害大,损失严重。采用宏观经济易损性的地震损失分析方法,重演该区的历史破坏性地震。分析表明:抓好该区的防震减灾工作是保持社会和经济建设持续发展的一项重要工作。 相似文献
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Taking the northeastern Fujian area as an example, we provide some new technological ideas and contents for the historical earthquake investigation of significant engineering construction sites. ① Make sure the integrity of earthquake materials with reference to the regional histories of culture and disasters; ② Evaluate the influence of historical earthquakes on the basis of actual records, review and identify the epicenter location and magnitude of destructive earthquakes. The research by the new technological ideas will endue the investigation of historical earthquakes with new meanings in the cultural phylogeny and credible time domain, so as to make the results of historical earthquake research more scientific. The aim of the paper is to improve the level of historical earthquake investigation for a better service to the engineering construction. 相似文献
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The housing loss assessment of rural villages caused by earthquake disaster in Yunnan Province 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Introduction In accordance with the systematical theory of natural disaster, the intensity of disaster-causing factor and the frangibility of the disaster-bearing body decide the disaster degree (SHI, 1991, 2002). The building facilities is the uppermost disaster-bearing body in the earthquake disaster system, as the population and fortune in the city are concentrated, the density of the housings is large, the antiseismic and disaster reduction of the city have always been an important aspect… 相似文献
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对历史记载的公元1738年玉树西北地震的震级及其发震构造目前仍存有争议。卫星影像解译和野外调查发现沿甘孜-玉树断裂当江段分布一条长约75km的左旋走滑地震地表破裂带,其最大同震水平位移约2.1m。综合分析该地表破裂带特征、探槽揭露信息、测年结果以及历史文献记载等资料,认为当江段应为1738年玉树西北地震的发震断层,基于震例类比和经验公式估算该次地震的震级为71/2级。沿甘孜-玉树断裂的历史地震破裂分布显示,玉树段在隆宝镇以西存在近50km长的破裂空段;当江段距1738年地震的离逝时间也可能已经接近其地震复发周期,上述两个段落未来均存在大震危险。 相似文献
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Earthquakes may cause destruction disproportionate to ground conditions and distance from the epicenter. This paper suggests
that disproportionate destruction may be caused by the long duration of the earthquakes. However, to date the mechanism leading
to earthquakes of long duration was unknown. On the basis of a detailed analysis of a large number of macroseismic data from
historical earthquakes in Armenia, we proposed during 1965–1992 that disproportionate destruction occurred as a result of
the spatially separated multifocus character of these earthquakes. A new analysis of instrumental, geodynamic, and engineering-geological
data on some typical highly destructive earthquakes that occurred in recent decades shows that the long duration of earthquakes
is indeed related to their multifocus character. The destructive effect of the latter occurs irrespective of ground conditions
and also at great distances from the epicenters. Seismic movements of long duration have additional impact on constructions,
and on seismic instrumnents, as well. It is demonstrated which type of constructions are most vulnerable to long-duration
earthquakes and which, on the contrary, are more resistant. We present some recommendations for improvement of the seismic
construction code. 相似文献
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地震目录给出的 1067年广东潮汕地震的参数不能合理解释历史记载中该地震的震害分布。文中将这次地震与 1918年南澳大地震在相同地点的震害记载进行了对比,发现几乎相同,进而论证了这两次地震属发生在同一震源的特征地震事件的可能性,认为 1067年地震的震中很可能位于南澎列岛西侧,其震级可达 71 /4。鉴于目前对 1574年福建东北沿海 53 /4级地震事件有不同的认识,文中重新分析了该地震的破坏区与有感区的分布,并与 1906年厦门海外地震进行了比较。结果认为, 1574年地震的震中更有可能位于福州—莆田以东的海域,且震级可能达到 61 /4。文中还认为:史料中有关 1574年浙江庆元地震的记述所指的可能不是发生在当地的破坏性地震,而更可能就是同年发生在福州—莆田以东海域的那次地震。1067年和 1574年地震可能都发生在NE向的滨海断裂带上 相似文献
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Western Macedonia, Northern Greece, was a seismically quiescent region for one or more centuries, and was regarded as a nearly aseismic, rigid block inside a broad zone of distributed continental deformation and faulting, and a region of minimum seismic risk. Consequently, the May 13, 1995 destructive earthquake (M = 6.6) which hit this assumed aseismic zone was a surprise for scientists, government and population.However, historical and archaeoseismic evidence, as well as coastal change data indicate that the assumed aseismic region of Western Macedonia has been affected in the last 2,000 years by at least seven, and possibly nine destructive earthquakes. One of these earthquakes occurred in circa 1700, and probably had the same epicentre with, but higher magnitude than the 1995 shock.The earthquake in circa 1700 is deduced from historical data and is modelled on the base of a swarm of church repairs which is explained as post-seismic recovery of the broader Kozani area: except for certain well known cases of towns or areas in which religious privileges were granted, large scale repairs or reconstruction of churches during the Ottoman period were possible only after Sultan's permissions, usually following earthquakes and other calamities.It can hence be concluded that some, at least, of the apparently aseismic regions inside broad zones of distributed seismicity are hit by stronger shocks, but with longer (200 years or more) recurrence intervals than their adjacent zones. Consequently, the seismic risk of the apparently aseismic regions is certainly not low, especially since relatively long periods of seismic quiescence lead to constructions vulnerable to earthquakes. 相似文献