GDX-502树脂富集高效液相色谱法测定地表水中酚类化合物

采用自制GDX-502固相萃取小柱萃取水中苯酚、对硝基酚、间甲酚、2，4-二氯酚、2，4，6-三氯酚、五氯酚等6种酚类化合物，以乙腈作为洗脱剂，选择280nm和290nm双波长紫外高效液相色谱进行检测。结果表明，方法检出限为0．01-0．05mg／L，IL水的平均加标回收率为82．5％-95．0％，精密度（RSD，n=7）为3．6％-9．2％。方法用于实际地表水中痕量酚类化合物的检测，操作简单，有机溶剂用量少，分析效率高；萃取小柱可多次重复使用，分析成本低。     

碳酸钙共沉淀-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定卤水中痕量铜铅锌

以碳酸钙共沉淀卤水中的痕量Cu、Pb、Zn，用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定。对试剂的加入量、富集时间、酸度等影响因素进行了实验，选择了最佳的共沉淀条件。方法已用于卤水分析，加标回收率为Cu94．0％～97．6％、Pb94．0％。102％、Zn93．4％-102％。对卤水样品6次测定的相对标准偏差为Cu0．49％、Pb0．79％、Zn1．85％。     

氧化偶氮肿Ⅲ褪色光度法测定痕量钴

基于0．02mol／L HCl介质中，痕量钴(Ⅱ)对重铬酸钾氧化偶氮胂Ⅲ褪色反应的催化作用，建立了测定痕量钴(Ⅱ)的动力学光度法。钴(Ⅱ)质量在0～4．0μg/L范围内服从比尔定律，方法检出限为0．076μg/L，在25mL溶液中，测定0．1μg钴(Ⅱ)的相对标准偏差为3．8％(n=11)。讨论了酸度、反应物浓度、温度、反应时间、干扰离子等因素的影响。研究了反应的最佳条件，并测定了一些动力学参数。催化反应的表观活化能为40．73kJ／mol。此法可用于井水、蜂蜜和维生素B12中钴(Ⅱ)的测定，相对标准偏差为1．8％-5．7％，标准加入回收率为99．6％～104．2％。     

导数-原子捕集联用火焰原子吸收法测定粉煤灰中镉

研究并提出了将测定信号变化率的导数技术和浓缩待测原子的原子捕集技术与火焰原子吸收相联用于测定痕量镉的新技术。通过测定标准粉煤灰GBW08401和82201中痕量镉含量验证了该技术的可行性。与常规法相比，新方法的灵敏度和检出限可分别改善2～3个数量级和1～2个数量级(1～3分钟捕集条件下)。10次测定的相对偏差为6．26％～7．23％，回收率可达95％～104％。研究表明．此技术可成功地测定粉煤灰中的痕量镉。     

碘化钾-甲基异丁基甲酮萃取-火焰原子吸收分光光度法连续测定地球化学样品中痕量银镉铊

研究了碘化钾-甲基异丁基甲酮（KI—MIBK）萃取-火焰原子吸收分光光度法连续测定地球化学样品中痕量银、镉和铊的主要条件。通过对火焰原子吸收分光光度计气路控制系统及雾化器的改进，较大地改善了萃取-火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定银、镉和铊的稳定性和灵敏度。选择萃取酸度为1．2mol／L HCl、水相和有机相体积配比为3：1～4：1，方法精密度（RSD，n=12）为Ag4．5％～9．6％、Cd1．5％～7．9％、T14．5％～5．4％，检出限（3s）为Ag0．004μg/g、Cd0．007μg／g、T10．011μg/g，符合多目标地球化学调查样品测试及质量监控要求。用国家一级标准物质和密码组合标准物质进行验证，测试结果令人满意。     

采用新型手持式光度计检测天然水中痕量铀

利用自行研制的高灵敏度手持式光度计对环境水样中的痕量铀进行了分析测定,讨论了波长、pH值、显色剂等主要因素对分析结果的影响,建立了应用手持式光度计进行环境水样中痕量铀测定的新方法。实验结果表明,与普通分光光度计相比,本方法具有仪器简单小巧,功耗低,灵敏度高,精密度好等特点。方法的检出限为0．05μg／L,线性范围为0．05～100μg／L,应用于自来水、湖水、河水、矿泉水和尾矿坝水样中痕量铀的测定,相对标准偏差为RSD=1．04％～2．78％（n=3）,加标回收率为95．7％～100．4％。     

内标和快速共沉淀-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中的镉

探讨了用火焰原子吸收法测定以（2-吡啶偶氮）-2-萘酚-Ni（Ⅱ）为共沉淀体系，以Mn（Ⅱ）为内标，在pH=9．0的条件下快速共沉淀分离富集食盐中的痕量Cd。当试液为100mL时，方法的检出限为5．7μg/L，加标回收率为96％～101％，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=6）〈5％，基本消除了基体干扰。     

化探样品微量银的光谱测定

采用氯化镉、氯化氨作反应剂,以背景为内标,在WSP-1型平面光栅摄谱仪上摄谱进行化探样品中微量银的测定。方法线性范围为0．02—5．0μg／ml,6次测定相对偏差为1．68％-3．39％,测定值与推荐值基本相符,能满足化探样品中痕量Ag的分析要求。     

断续流动在线分离富集-蒸气发生原子荧光光谱法测定复杂环境样品中痕量镉

用D201阴离子交换树脂富集样品中的痕量Cd，使Cd与共存干扰元素Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn有效分离，消除了这些元素对镉蒸气发生的干扰，从而建立了断续流动在线分离富集-蒸气发生原子荧光光谱法测定复杂环境样品中痕量Cd的分析方法。方法的检出限为3ng／L（3σ）；测定精密度（RSD）为1．9％（对1μg/L Cd，n=11）。用该方法对国家一级标准物质（土壤、水系沉积物和岩石）中的痕量镉进行了测定，结果与标准值相符。     

从渭南剖面有机质类型的差异探讨黄土地区湿度的演变趋势

对陕西渭南12．6m黄土剖面做了235个样品有机碳(TOC)、有机硫(TOS)及岩石有机质快速评价仪(Rock-eval)热解分析。TOC的含量在黄土层(L1和L2的顶部)为0．04％-0．45％，古土壤层(S0和S1)为0．05％-0．64％，它随深度呈周期性变化，在古土壤层中含量较高，特别是在古土壤层向黄土层转变的界面上明显增高。黄土中的干酪根最高热解峰温度（Tmax)主要分布在525℃、古土壤的主要在475℃。引入大气物理学中测量湿度的比湿概念，根据模拟实验结果，将干酪根不同湿度的热解烃。划分为与下降水有关的以低等生物为主的热解烃(pHC2-1)、以高等生物为主的热解烃(pHC2-2)和与蒸发作用有关的次生碳酸盐包裹烃(pHC2-1)，提出计算黄土地区第四纪古湿度公式Q9=(pHC2-1 pHC2-2)／pHC2-1 pHC2-2 pHC2-3)。经计算该剖面由下而上湿度分别为L2＜60%，S1为55％-75％，L1为45％-63％，S0为55％-72％，以及现今尚处于较湿周期的总趋势。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861