可控源音频大地电磁测深在浅部地下水勘查中的应用

可控源音频大地电磁测深法是近些年发展起来的,主要用于探测深部地质构造的一种电磁测深方法.国内一些单位采用可控源音频大地电磁测深法在探寻中深部地热及地下水资源方面做了大量工作[1、2],取得了很好的实际应用效果,但其在探寻浅部地下水方面应用相对较少.这里通过今年在山东泰安开展抗旱找水工作所取得的成功案例,探讨了利用可控源音频大地电磁法在浅层地下水地球物理勘查中的应用效果.     

综合电法在岩溶山区地下水勘探中的应用——以湖南怀化长塘村为例

岩溶山区水文地质条件复杂,地下水的分布规律对不同的物探方法可能存在不同的响应特征。综合采用高密度电阻率法和音频大地电磁法,在湖南怀化长塘村进行找水勘探,综合勘探结果很好地指示出异常特征和比较具体的异常位置。推断结果与钻井结果基本一致,最大涌水量大于146.88 m³/d/。此次成果表明:对称四极反演结果能有效对地下横向电阻率的变化进行响应,且纵向上能够利用电阻率测深曲线(单支曲线)进行分层;音频大地电磁法探测深度大,能有效对地下断层构造进行响应。     

地下水地球物理勘查技术模式

通过对音频大地电磁测深法(EH-4电导率成像系统)和激发极化法的使用条件以及勘查特点的分析研究,结合在保定市顺平县的找水实例,提出了两种方法在组合形式、工作原理以及资料解释等方面勘查地下水的技术模式,并在实际工作中进行验证,取得了令人满意的效果.     

综合物探在花岗岩严重缺水区地下水勘查中的应用

通过对音频大地电磁测深法(EH4电导率成像系统)、高密度电阻率法和激发极化法的技术原理以及勘查特点的分析研究,结合花岗岩严重缺水区地下水勘查的难点,以及在北京昌平长陵镇的找水实例,提出了几种方法在组合形式、适用条件以及资料解释等方面勘查地下水的技术模式,并在实际工作中进行验证,取得了令人满意的效果。     

综合物探方法在应急抗旱找水中的应用

通过结合区域地质资料,采用重力、高密度电法、激电测深及音频大地电磁测深等多种地球物理勘探技术,计算机数值模拟反演计算等工作手段,为河南省鹤壁市气象干旱缺水区开展应急抗旱找水。多种物探方法的运用,对于应急抗旱找水打井的井位合理的布置、快速定井,保证成井后的出水率和地下水的合理利用提供了重要的依据,为综合物探方法的应用和类似应急找水工作提供了一定的借鉴。     

综合物探方法在秦安县水资源勘查中的应用研究

文章介绍了高密度电法和可控源音频大地电磁测深法在甘肃秦安县严重缺水地区找水勘查中的应用研究。在综合分析水文地质资料基础上,布设十字交叉剖面进行高密度电法测量,首先初步查明了第四系的覆盖情况,优选水文意义较大的剖面,开展了可控源音频大地电磁测深,通过评估构造破碎带发育,两种方法综合分析和补充验证。表明本区地下水主要赋存于构造裂隙中。经钻探验证,成功探明出水量为80 m³／d构造裂隙水。     

音频大地电磁法在地下水质评价中的应用

以西北某区的地下水勘查为例,对音频大地电磁法的野外工作方法技术作了较详细的介绍,并对其应用效果进行分析。音频大地电磁法因其装备相对轻便,勘探深度相对较大,应用效果良好,在地下水勘查中有着广泛的应用前景。     

电磁法在川南大坝地区岩溶勘查中的应用

四川宜宾长宁地区页岩气资源丰富,尤其是大坝区块,但该区块地表主要出露地层为嘉陵江组等碳酸盐地层,岩溶管道特别发育,区块内有大鱼洞、小鱼洞、鱼井等若干处暗河排泄点,是大坝乡(含周边村)及兴文县的饮用水源,因此在页岩气开发之前对岩溶及岩溶管道进行勘查工作,在施工过程中规避这些不良地质体,具有有重要意义。为了查明大坝地区地下岩溶、暗河(管道)特征,根据各物探方法勘探深度的不同,联合高密度电法和音频大地电磁法进行岩溶管道勘查。首先,对大坝地区区域地质特征和水文地质特征进行了简要介绍,根据勘探深度有针对性的选取高密度电法和音频大地电磁法进行联合勘探;将两种物探方法进行综合解释,推断出工区内岩溶管道发育情况;最后,采用连通试验对岩溶管道发育情况进行验证评价,为页岩气钻井平台选址提供技术支撑。     

电磁法在川南大坝地区岩溶勘查中的应用

四川宜宾长宁地区页岩气资源丰富,尤其是大坝区块,但该区块地表主要出露地层为嘉陵江组等碳酸盐地层,岩溶管道特别发育,区块内有大鱼洞、小鱼洞、鱼井等若干处暗河排泄点,是大坝乡(含周边村)及兴文县的饮用水源,因此在页岩气开发之前对岩溶及岩溶管道进行勘查工作,在施工过程中规避这些不良地质体,具有有重要意义。为了查明大坝地区地下岩溶、暗河(管道)特征,根据各物探方法勘探深度的不同,联合高密度电法和音频大地电磁法进行岩溶管道勘查。首先,对大坝地区区域地质特征和水文地质特征进行了简要介绍,根据勘探深度有针对性的选取高密度电法和音频大地电磁法进行联合勘探;将两种物探方法进行综合解释,推断出工区内岩溶管道发育情况;最后,采用连通试验对岩溶管道发育情况进行验证评价,为页岩气钻井平台选址提供技术支撑。     

物探直流电法在隐伏岩溶地区找水中的应用

丰润东部城区地处燕山南麓的山前倾斜平原,区内地下水分布不均,局部缺水严重,区内地质条件较复杂,找水难度极大。在近年丰润地区隐伏岩溶区缺水区找水工作中,以地质成因控水理论为指导,综合物探勘查、钻探验证等技术手段,成功实施了地下水勘查示范案例,通过对实例的分析,指出要高度重视野外水文地质调查与物探直流电法相互验证,能有效的提高隐伏岩溶地区找水的经验。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861