辽西建昌县玲珑塔含翼龙和带羽毛恐龙化石地层层序和时代归属

最近辽西建昌地区报道发现了一系列带羽毛恐龙和翼龙化石, 其赋存化石的地层层位时代一直富有争议。我们结合前人资料对玲珑塔含化石地层剖面进行了野外调查和实测, 厘定了含化石地层沉积层序和时代归属。剖面顶底岩石组合特征主要以溢流相中性熔岩和近火山口相火山碎屑岩为主, 中间层位为河流相-湖泊相碎屑岩。该剖面产有大量叶肢介、介形类、双壳类、昆虫、鱼类、植物化石和大量脊椎动物化石。上述化石指示含恐龙化石地层时代为中侏罗世。通过区域对比认为含恐龙化石地层与区域上髫髻山组地层层序和岩石组合相似, 因此认为含恐龙化石地层为中侏罗世髫髻山组(火山岩同位素年代学年龄范围为152~165 Ma)。     

辽宁建昌玲珑塔地区中侏罗世地层与化石初步报道

辽西建昌县玲珑塔地区出露一套火山岩所夹的沉积地层, 富含叶肢介、介形类、双壳类、鱼、昆虫、脊椎动物和植物等化石。经区域地层研究, 结合对玲珑塔大西山地质剖面实测以及对该剖面新近所采集的各门类化石的综合研究, 确认此套沉积地层位于义县组之下, 属髫髻山组, 化石显示“燕辽生物群”面貌, 时代为中侏罗世。     

A New Darwinopterid Pterosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Western Liaoning, Northeastern China and its Ecological Implications

A new species of Darwinopterus, D. robustodens sp. nov. is described and named. Based on the new specimen, the diagnostic characters of Darwinopterus are amended and include: rostral dentition composed of well-spaced, spike-like teeth; the longest teeth are confined to the anterior half of the tooth row; tooth alveoli have raised margins; nasoantorbital fenestra confluent; inclined quadrate; elongate cervical vertebrae with low neural spine and reduced or absent ribs; long tail of more than 20 caudals partially enclosed by filiform extensions of the pre- and postzygapophyses; short metacarpus less than 60 per cent length of humerus, fifth toe with two elongate phalanges and curved second pedal phalanx of the fifth toe with the angle between the proximal and distal segments about 130 degrees. The complete specimen of the new pterosaur D. robustodens sp. nov. provides much more osteological information. The differences in tooth morphologies between Darwinopterus modularis and D. robustodens sp. nov. suggest that they filled different ecological niches. The hard integument-bearing Coleoptera may have been the main food source of Darwinopterus robustodens.     

华北陆块东北缘张三沟岩组SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究及其地质意义

出露于华北陆块东北缘的张三沟岩组为一套变质火山－沉积岩系,前人根据变质程度和地层对比将其划归古元古代。本文通过SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究,获得2517±9 Ma 、2518±7 Ma 和2534±26Ma原岩年龄,2439±24Ma、2464±73Ma和2433±71Ma变质年龄。这表明该套变质岩层形成于新太古代晚期,变质时代在新太古代末－古元古代初。结合区域资料,其变质年龄可能代表了古龙岗陆块与位于其北东侧的其它陆块（如佳木斯陆块）碰撞造山的时代,表明华北克拉通在新太古代末－古元古代初期经历过一次重要的克拉通化。     

中国辽西中侏罗世地层发现船颌翼龙新属新种

根据不完整的化石骨架,建立船颌翼龙一新属新种:李氏凤凰翼龙.它产自辽西中侏罗世的髫髻山组.具有以下特征:上颌有11对以上牙齿,最后一枚牙齿位置靠后,位于眶前孔后下角的下方.翼掌骨长度大约为肱骨的55%.凤凰翼龙的发现不但增加了船颌翼龙的新成员,而且对船颌翼龙的古地理分布提供了重要信息.它代表目前为止最早的船颌翼龙类.为我们了解船颌翼龙的起源和演化具有重要意义.     

川西前陆盆地侏罗纪层序地层格架、沉积体系配置及演化

通过地表露头和钻井岩心的观察, 以及测井曲线和地震剖面的综合分析,对分割川西前陆盆地侏罗系陆相碎屑岩充填实体的层序界面进行了识别和追踪,将该区层序界面划分为两种类型:不整合面及侵蚀沉积间断面和最大湖泛面,据此在全盆侏罗系地层中识别出13个层序界面,将川西前陆盆地侏罗系划分为13个三级层序。据盆地沉积特征,自西向东选择一些有代表性的层序剖面,进行盆地内不同相带间的层序对比,建立了研究区侏罗纪等时层序地层格架。并在川西前陆盆地侏罗系中识别出4种沉积体系:冲(洪)积、湖泊、扇三角洲、三角洲沉积体系。并在层序格架中讨论了各沉积体系的横向展布,大体是从盆地西缘到东缘为冲积扇—冲积平原、三角洲平原—三角洲前缘—湖底扇—滨浅湖—半深湖—三角洲—曲流河的展布方式。其中冲积扇和冲积平原分布范围相对较小,而三角洲—滨浅湖分布范围广阔,且三角洲与浅湖相在垂向上频繁交替。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘下-中侏罗统碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

改造盆地主要发育时期原始沉积边界的厘定具有重要的油气地质和区域构造意义。物源分析是厘定盆地原始沉积边界的重要内容和有效手段。对鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘邻区下-中侏罗统砂岩碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄谱的研究,为厘定盆地西南沉积边界提供了新的依据。盆地西南缘六盘山地区上流水和炭山剖面的下-中侏罗统延安组砂岩碎屑锆石年龄谱较为相似,而与靖远地区红会四矿剖面同期地层的碎屑锆石年龄谱相差较大。将这三区碎屑锆石的年龄谱与周邻构造单元结晶岩体的年龄对比表明,早-中侏罗世期间靖远地区沉积物来源于西南侧的祁连造山带,而六盘山地区沉积物来源于西北侧阿拉善地块和北侧的华北克拉通北缘。对物源、地层厚度、岩性、煤层特征等差异的综合研究认为,这两个地区在早-中侏罗世期间属不同沉积域,鄂尔多斯盆地的西南沉积边界为海原断裂带。     

New Fossils of Eoptychopteridae (Diptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Northeastern China

Three new species of the extinct genus of Eoptychopterina from the Eoptychopteridae     

中国东北辽西中侏罗世达尔文翼龙新标本

传统上讲,翼龙类分为两大类群,构成复系的基干类群和构成单系的进步类群。本文记述的一新达尔文翼龙,它与正型标本模块达尔文翼龙发现于同一地点,二者均产自中侏罗世的髫髻山组。但是与模块达尔文翼龙存在区别,可能代表达尔文翼龙一新种。新的标本完整,可为研究达尔文骨骼学提供更多信息。 在理解翼龙的演化,分布及生态学起着非常重要的作用。     

New Fossils of Eoptychopteridae (Diptera)from the Middle Jurassic of Northeastern China

Three new species of the extinct genus of Eoptychopterina from the Eoptychopteridae family, Eoptychopterina antica sp. nov., Eoptychopterina adnexa sp. nov., and Eoptychopterina mediata sp. nov., are described and illustrated. These three new species are established based on fossil specimens with bodies and complete wings. All were collected from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou in eastern Inner Mongolia, China. Based on the new materials, the name of two species in Eoptychopterina from China--Eoptychopterina elenae Ren and Krzeminski and Eoptychopterina gigantea Zhang--is sysnonymum junius.     

Event Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy of Neoproterozoic in North China

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辽西台里黑云母二长花岗岩地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年代学

辽西台里地区花岗质岩石主要由花岗质片麻岩、斑状花岗质片麻岩和黑云母二长花岗岩等组成,这些花岗质岩石均曾被视为新太古代花岗岩。根据各类花岗质岩石的产状序次关系确定,块状/片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩呈岩脉或岩枝状侵入太古宙花岗质片麻岩和斑状花岗质片麻岩中,分别出露于研究区南北两侧。地球化学研究表明,黑云母二长花岗岩属于准铝质-弱过铝质的I型花岗岩,显示火山弧花岗岩的特点。黑云母二长花岗岩中锆石组成复杂,大量继承性锆石和新生锆石共存。新生锆石岩浆结晶特征明显,内部发育振荡生长环带,并具较高的Th/U值（0.15~1.70）。两个样品的新生锆石U-Pb定年结果（加权平均年龄）分别为(153.7±2.0) Ma和(153.7±4.7) Ma。研究表明,黑云母二长花岗岩为源自下地壳中基性火成岩的晚侏罗世花岗质侵入岩,其构造背景与古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆下俯冲作用有关。     

Zircon U–Pb Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Early Cretaceous Volcanic Rocks from the Manitu Formation in the Hongol Area,Northeastern Inner Mongolia

We undertook zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks from the Manitu Formation in the Hongol area,northeastern Inner Mongolia,to determine their age,petrogenesis and sources,which are important for understanding the Late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Great Xing'an Range.The volcanic rocks of the Manitu Formation from the Hongol area consist primarily of trachyandesite,based on their chemical compositions.The zircons from two of these trachyandesites are euhedral-subhedral in shape,display clear oscillatory growth zoning and have high Th/U ratios(0.31-1.15),indicating a magmatic origin.The results of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicate that the volcanic rocks from the Manitu Formation in the Hongol area formed during the early Early Cretaceous with ages of 138.9-140.5 Ma.The volcanic rocks are high in alkali(Na_2O + K_2O = 6.22-8.26 wt%),potassium(K_2O = 2.49-4.58 wt%) and aluminium(Al_2O_3 = 14.27-15.88 wt%),whereas they are low in iron(total Fe_2O_3 = 3.76-6.53 wt%) and titanium(TiO_2 = 1.02-1.61 wt%).These volcanic rocks are obviously enriched in large ion lithophile elements,such as Rb,Ba,Th and U,and light rare earth elements,and are depleted in high field strength elements,such as Nb,Ta and Ti with pronounced negative anomalies.Their Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions show positive ε_(Nd)(t)(+0.16‰ to+1.64‰) and low T_(DM)(t)(694-767 Ma).The geochemical characteristics of these volcanic rocks suggest that they belong to a shoshonitic series and were likely generated from the partial melting of an enriched lithospheric mantle that was metasomatised by fluids released from a subducted slab during the closure of the MongolOkhotsk Ocean.Elemental and isotopic features reveal that fractional crystallization with the removal of ferromagnesian minerals,plagioclase,ilmenite,magnetite and apatite played an important role during the evolution of the magma.These shoshonitic rocks were produced by the partial melting of the enriched lithospheric mantle in an extensional regime,which resulted from the gravitational collapse following the final closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean in the Middle-Late Jurassic.     

赣东北侏罗纪陆盆的沉积建造及构造旋回

阐述下侏罗统林山组、中侏罗统罗坳组、上侏罗统至下白垩统武夷群的建造类型及建造序列 ,总结了侏罗纪陆盆的发展阶段。本区中生代构造运动划分为 3个亚旋回 :印支亚旋回 (分为Ⅰ幕金子运动 ,Ⅱ幕南象运动 )、早期燕山亚旋回、晚期燕山亚旋回 ;4个构造幕 ,尤以燕山Ⅲ幕最为剧烈 ,使本区地势由东升西降转变为西升东降。     

北京西山侏罗纪南大岭组玄武岩的继承锆石年代学及其含义

文中报道了北京西山侏罗纪南大岭组玄武岩的锆石结晶年龄。115个已分析的南大岭组玄武岩中的锆石绝大部分是继承的。它们的年龄峰值集中在~190Ma,~310Ma,~430Ma和~520Ma。此外,还有~171Ma,~830Ma和~1840Ma的年龄组,个别太古宙末和元古宙初期的继承锆石也可观察到。我们认为(174±8)Ma年龄组的锆石有可能是南大岭组玄武岩喷溢期结晶的锆石。古元古代和太古宙的继承锆石很可能来自中下地壳基底的岩石。~830Ma的锆石颗粒的来源有待今后资料进一步积累说明,不排除华北克拉通岩石圈也曾经历过此事件。190Ma的锆石组与区域早侏罗世陆内的构造-岩浆作用有关。~310Ma的锆石组形成于晚古生代古亚洲洋洋壳向华北克拉通的俯冲。而~430Ma和~520Ma的锆石组可能于古大陆拼合的全球事件引发的邻近陆块岩石圈深部的热扰动中生成。这些继承锆石的年龄表明:华北克拉通岩石圈至少在古生代就经历了幕式的改造。因此,其演化很可能是长期的、幕式的和渐进的。我们的观测不排斥早白垩世至早期新生代期间华北克拉通岩石圈可能经历的剧变,但是似乎不支持全球岩石圈在深部对超大陆裂解产生响应的观点。     

晋东北侏罗纪盆地早中侏罗世沉积充填记录及其构造意义

侏罗纪/白垩纪之交是中国中东部乃至东亚地区构造活动的重要时期,发生了构造变形、岩浆-成矿、气候环境突变等一系列重大的构造事件,被称为"燕山运动",但对于其启动时限的认识却一直存在着争议。本文以晋东北侏罗纪盆地为研究对象,在早中侏罗世沉积序列划分和重矿物组合特征变化研究的基础上,结合重点层位火山岩夹层锆石U-Pb同位素测年,详细刻画了这期构造事件启动的具体时限。研究认为,中侏罗统云岗组(J2yg)底部砾岩沉积时期,沉积序列由早期的湖进序列向湖退序列转换,碎屑岩的成分由早期的以石英、长石为主过渡为以长石、岩屑为主,重矿物组合由早期的以锆石为主过渡为以石榴子石为主,预示着侏罗纪构造活动进入了启动阶段。通过下侏罗统永定庄组(J1y)火山碎屑岩的年龄(179.2±0.79)Ma和中侏罗统云岗组(J2yg)顶部凝灰质碳酸盐岩年龄(160.6±0.55)Ma的制约,推测中侏罗统云岗组(J2yg)底部砾岩沉积时间大约为168 Ma,这个时间代表了侏罗纪构造活动(燕山运动)的起始时限。该成果在沉积学方面为燕山运动的起始时限提供了新的制约。     

Morphological and Phylogenetic Study Based on New Materials of Anchiornis huxleyi (Dinosauria,Theropoda) from Jianchang,Western Liaoning,China

Anchiornis huxleyi, which is a member of the Middle–Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota, is the smallest feathered dinosaur ever known. It has been described as a critical link between feathered dinosaurs and birds. Recent studies, including those of Anchiornis, Xiaotingia, Eosinopteryx and Aurornis, challenged Archaeopteryx as the most basal bird. The new Anchiornis huxleyi specimens that are described in this paper show some minor different characters compared to previously reported Anchiornis specimens, which has revised the character list of Anchiornis and indicates a different phylogenetic point from former opinions.