Implementing urban waterfront redevelopment in an historic context: a case study of the The Boston Naval Shipyard

The paper provides a critical analysis of revitalisation strategies for the Yard, including the integration of naval heritage in regeneration. The Yard's working history, which led to inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places, is briefly reviewed. The planning role of the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA) is established, and this agency's strategic division of the site into heritage-dominated and other zones is discussed. The BRA's focus on public investment to initiate clearance and revitalisation based on public spaces and heritage exploitation is demonstrated. Particular attention is also given to the BRA's political, financial and design strategies. Despite the Yard's reputation for successful revitalisation, it is shown that these strategies encountered major difficulties which severely delayed and heavily modified the eventual outcomes. It is concluded that heritage-based and mixed-use revitalisation developed a symbiosis contributing to the successes achieved, but that the difficulties identified highlight major lessons. These relate chiefly to public and private sector investment, timely public sector decision-making, the pitfalls of over-regulated conservation policy and the importance of local community relationships.     

Naval heritage and the revitalisation challenge: lessons from the Venetian Arsenale

In the context of the Venetian Arsenale, the paper explores the difficulties which naval heritage may impose on waterfront revitalisation processes and planning. The rise and decline of this outstanding naval waterfront are outlined and the nature of the heritage legacy is reviewed. State-locality relations are shown to be central to slow regeneration progress to date, but it is demonstrated that revitalisation must overcome additional impediments: neglect and dereliction of the built environment, restoration resource constraints and the severity of the regulatory regime for conservation. Isolation from the city, the adoption of a flexible approach to heritage definition, and the need to assess competing futures are also shown to be relevant challenges. While the Arsenale is considered unique, the conclusion employs the implications of the analysis to propose a research agenda for historic naval waterfronts in general.     

A model-based approach to unravelling naval defence heritage: supply- and demand-side issues in Portsmouth's coastal zone

The paper explores the nebulous concept of heritage in order to highlight issues relevant to the revitalisation and management of historic naval waterfronts. A model separating supply and demand sides, and further subdividing each side into political, social and economic structures, is used as a framework for analysis. The whole is set within a perceptual filter, and interpretation is subsumed within social structure. The model is applied to heritage concepts at Portsmouth Dockyard and to the legacy of naval defence in the neighbouring coastal zone. From the review of all three structures it is shown that economic considerations are increasingly powerful on both the supply and demand sides, as sovereignity passes to customers who are less interested in authenticity and architectural quality than in securing value for money. Issues and implications arising from this trend, and relevant to naval heritage planning and management, are identified.     

Heritage and change on the naval waterfront: opportunity and challenge

The paper examines naval waterfront decline, the potential heritage legacy of that decline, and the challenges which that legacy poses for urban and coastal zone planning and management. An initial analysis of decline processes is juxtaposed with exploration of the state's changing role in the abandonment of naval waterfronts. The range of potential heritage resources likely to be released by naval retreat is assessed, and it is shown that this rich endowment frequently extends well beyond the immediate urban waterfront to engage other parts of the cityport and the wider coastal zone. The impressive 20th-century growth of naval ports raises issues concerning heritage definition, but it is also argued that naval heritage of whatever era has the capacity to create an additional and extensive range of planning and management challenges. These extend from building constraints, through aesthetic issues to economic-impact and market considerations. It is on these challenges, which often contrast sharply with commercial waterfront experiences, that the case for naval waterfront research is based.     

Possible prospects of the Northern Fleet coast infrastructure conversion

Due to changes in the geopolitical situation in Russia and an increase of freight traffic through northern ports, a serious shortage of port capacities exists. To overcome this shortage, a program of navy base conversion has been proposed. This program is feasible due to the substantial reduction of the navy forces. Such a re-orientation is being used in programs for implementing the projects on the development of shelf hydrocarbon deposits in the Arctic. The ample opportunities for conversion of the naval force coastal infrastructure are discussed in this paper.     

上海港与周边港口的国际竞争策略

世界航运中心从大西洋转向了太平洋，东亚地区已成为国际集装箱运输的核心区域。随着该地区各集装箱港口的发展，大家都在努力争夺新的国际航运中心的地位。与上海港直接竞争的是釜山港、神户港和高雄港。本文分析了三港以及上海港的有关情况，通过设置有关的港口国际竞争力的指标，对上述四个港口在软硬件方面的竞争情况作了比较。文章最后给出了港口动态竞争模型，通过对8该模型的建立，阐述了各港口应采取的竞争与合作战略。     

Questionnaire-based assessment of Mediterranean fishing ports,Nile Delta,Egypt

The fisheries sector is a significant contributor to the Egyptian economy. Recently, issues relating to fishing ports have been highlighted in port planning, availability of facilities, management, and environmental issues. Additional problems include Egypt's lack of specific guidelines for planning and design of fishing ports. This paper aims to assess the current status of five fishing ports (both natural and artificial) located along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Data were collected via a questionnaire supplied directly to the fishermen. The questionnaire contains two sections that cover information regarding the fishermen and fishing vessels. There are sections to assess the degree of satisfaction of the fishermen regarding economic, environmental, planning, facilities, and managerial issues. 250 fishermen received the questionnaire. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results confirm that the fishing ports are negatively affected by a number issues, as well as management deficiencies, resulting in several weaknesses. The main issues include pollution, sedimentation, deterioration of infrastructure, and lack of port facilities. It is recommended that decision-makers should develop monitoring tools and improve infrastructure and services. Recommendations are made for future development to enable the expansion in the fishing industry and improve the sustainability of fishing ports.     

Third World navies — new responsibilities,old problems

Two articles are presented below focusing on Third World navies. The enlargement of areas of national jurisdiction and the evolving new ocean order have led to the emergence of a number of controversial issues of importance to developing countries — for example, enforcement and surveillance, offshore patrolling, and the development of naval capabilities to carry out such tasks. In the first article, Lee Dowdy, a research associate at Dalhousie University, examines the factors which place limitations on the abilities of Third World states to ensure their rights under a new ocean regime, and suggests possible measures which could be undertaken in Third World naval policies. In a complementary article Dr Michael A. Morris of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) takes Latin America as a case study of the expansion of Third World navies on the new ocean order. Dr Morris presents also a Third World naval hierarchy being developed as part of a broader SIPRI study, and applies it to the Latin American case.     

Strategic forum : Soviet seapower — a new kind of navy

The purpose of this article is to draw attention to a change in the trend of Soviet naval developments. This change stems from a combination of: (1) a sharp increase in the allocation of resources to naval shipbuilding; (2) a marked rise in the navy's political influence; and (3) a new approach to the role of seapower in Soviet policy. Professor MccGwire, Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, USA, believes that both the nature and the significance of the change are being obscured by the fact that for the past decade naval leaders in the West have been talking of ‘a Soviet naval build-up’, and continue to use the same language to describe the very different present situation. There is no general awareness, even within naval circles, that we are now facing a significant change in established trends. This article draws on a longer and more general article.¹     

Numerical Study on Scale Effect of Form Factor for DTMB5415, KCS,KVLCC2, and 4000TEU Container Ship

China Ocean Engineering - Four ships, a twin-propeller naval ship, two single-propeller container ships, and a single-propeller very large crude carrier (VLCC), were studied to investigate the...     

Analysis of vibrating, thin, rectangular plates with point supports by the method of differential quadrature

The title problem is solved by an approach first suggested by Bellman early in the 1970s and which has recently been used in the solution of solid mechanics problems. It is shown that the methodology offers several important advantages from the point of view of naval analysts and designers.     

Naval Mine Impact Burial Prediction using Seafloor Database, Experiment, and GIS Technologies

The possibility of naval mines buried in the seafloor poses difficulties for navies concerned with port and seaway operations. To devise countermeasures, predictions of degrees of impact burial over wide areas of seabed must be made. Under ideal conditions, this is done with a knowledge of local seabed shear strengths, but in practice, such data are rarely available.

We describe an alternative prediction method. Probabilistic predictions of mine impact burial are made across areas of variable seafloor by combining data on sedimentary character directly with experimental impact burial results. The most useful seafloor characteristics are mud content and consolidation. The predictions are relatively accurate (SD 1-22%), and are computable in detail over wide geographic areas. They are of a form immediately useful for naval operations (including calculations of risk) and are easily displayed in geographic information systems (GIS). An example is shown for the northern Gulf of Mexico.     

Naval Mine Impact Burial Prediction using Seafloor Database,Experiment, and GIS Technologies

The possibility of naval mines buried in the seafloor poses difficulties for navies concerned with port and seaway operations. To devise countermeasures, predictions of degrees of impact burial over wide areas of seabed must be made. Under ideal conditions, this is done with a knowledge of local seabed shear strengths, but in practice, such data are rarely available.

We describe an alternative prediction method. Probabilistic predictions of mine impact burial are made across areas of variable seafloor by combining data on sedimentary character directly with experimental impact burial results. The most useful seafloor characteristics are mud content and consolidation. The predictions are relatively accurate (SD 1–22%), and are computable in detail over wide geographic areas. They are of a form immediately useful for naval operations (including calculations of risk) and are easily displayed in geographic information systems (GIS). An example is shown for the northern Gulf of Mexico.     

美国海军海洋环境保障业务研究

美国海军拥有完备的海洋环境保障体系,业务能力处于世界先进水平,为海军部队作战目的达成和行动安全保障发挥了重要支撑作用。阐述了美国海军海洋环境保障作战保障概念,介绍了美国海军海洋环境保障业务的组织架构,分析了美国海军海洋环境保障内容和主要特点,论述了美国海军用于海洋环境作战辅助决策的信息系统,为我国海洋环境保障领域的建设发展提供参考和借鉴。     

Navies — the decisions ahead

This article introduces a new feature in MARINE POLICY. The aim of the series is to present the views of specialists on questions of maritime strategy and naval policy. Future articles will focus on three broad areas: the major political and technical issues involved in framing future naval strategy; analyses of individual states' strategic outlooks and naval procurement policies; and surveys of the arenas of potential maritime conflict. Professor Peter Nailor of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, UK, begins the series with a wide-ranging consideration of the issues confronting naval powers in the development of future maritime strategy and defence policies.     

Real-time acceleration monitoring-based rapid earthquake response for ports in Korea

To establish viable earthquake counterplans for ports in Korea, data regarding earthquake motion on the ground and in buildings must be collected using acceleration monitoring systems. Acceleration monitoring-based strategies for port facilities are useful not only for ensuring rapid responses during and after earthquakes but also for regional data collection to assist reliable seismic design. Acceleration monitoring systems were installed at coastal facility sites in target ports, including a soil site to represent the facility and a rock site as a reference. The systematic earthquake alert software was designed to help them in decision-making about a possible seismic hazard and its reporting. The earthquake alert system was composed of two sequential functional software systems sharing an acceleration monitoring database applied to the target ports. The earthquake response software system triggers an alarm based on the peak ground acceleration per second computed from the monitored data. Then, the earthquake hazard estimation software system evaluates possible earthquake-induced site-specific geotechnical hazards linked to the peak ground acceleration. The integrated system was successfully operated and was able to rapidly provide an emergency report containing event records and geotechnical earthquake hazards during the September 2016 Gyeongju earthquake, the largest recorded earthquake in Korea.     

Some additional results on vibrating, simply supported rectangular plates with free, rectangular cut-outs

The present study deals with numerical experiments performed using the doublesine Fourier expansion and the Ritz method to determine natural frequencies of vibration of simply supported rectangular plates with free rectangular holes parallel to the plate sides.The problem is of basic structural interest in naval and ocean engineering systems since holes are frequently practiced in plate-type structural elements to allow for the passage of ducts, elevators, etc…     

Forced vibrations of a clamped-free beam with a mass at the free end with an external periodic disturbance acting on the mass with applications in ships’ structures

An exact, analytical solution is obtained for the title problem which constitutes a classical one although no solution is available in well known textbooks and handbooks normally used by the structural engineer in several fields of technology: ocean and naval engineering, aerospace applications, etc. The authors performed this study motivated by a situation where excessive displacements were noticed in a structural element carrying a relatively small motor at the free end and placed at the engine room of a naval vessel. The Bernoulli-Euler model has been employed.     

Conflict at sea

Naval conflict has been less important in the second half of the twentieth century than in the first. Navies have operated in support of armies or as instruments of coercive diplomacy. There has been only one true naval war. Conflict in the Falklands was typical because it was local, limited and unexpected. These are likely features in future, for total war at sea seems so pointless that it could only arise by accident, a risk increased by some naval activities in peace. But the motives and the capacities for local and limited conflict at sea are proliferating.     

Social responsibility in shipping

This paper discusses the effects of competition in shipping, noting recent gains for the consumers of shipping services, a variety of strategies for investors in shipping and some of the effects on seamen. The dangers of monopolistic effects in ports are described and there is a discussion of the externalities involved in maritime safety, including pollution. The current regulatory regime, particularly the involvement of classification societies, is criticised and it is suggested that lessons can be learnt from other industries.