The Late Triassic Sequence-Stratigraphic Framework of the Upper Yangtze Region, South China

In the transitional period between the Middle and the Late Triassic, the Indochina orogeny caused two tectonic events in South China: (1) the formation and uplift of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt along the northern margin of the South China Plate, due to its collision with the North China Plate; and 2) the development of a 1300-km-wide intra-continental orogen in the southeastern part of the South China Plate, which led to a northwestward movement of the foreland thrust-fold zone. These tectonic events resulted in the ending of the Yangtze Platform, and were a stable paleogeographic factor from the Eidacaran to the end of the Middle Triassic. This platform was characterized by the widespread development of shallow-water carbonates. After the end of the Yangtze Platform, the upper Yangtze foreland basin (or Sichuan foreland basin) was formed during the Late Triassic and became a accumulation site of fluvial deposits that are composed of related strata of the Xujiahe Formation. In western Sichuan Province, the Xujiahe Formation overlies the Maantang Formation shallow-water carbonate rocks of the Xiaotangzi Formation siliciclastic rocks (from shelf shales to littoral facies). The sequence-stratigraphic framework of the Upper Triassic in the upper Yangtze foreland basin indicates a particular alluvial architecture, characterized by sequences composed of (1) successions of low-energy fluvial deposits of high-accommodation phases, including coal seams, and (2) high-energy fluvial deposits of low-accommodation phases, including amalgamated river-channel sandstones. The spatial distribution of these fluvial deposits belonging to the Xujiahe Formation and its relative strata is characterized by gradual thinning-out, overlapping, and pinching-out toward both the east and south. This sedimentary record therefore expresses a particular sequence-stratigraphic succession of fluvial deposits within the filling succession of the foreland basin. The sequence-stratigraphic framework for the Upper Triassic in the Upper Yangtze region provides a record of the end of the Yangtze Platform and the formation of the upper Yangtze foreland basin.     

扬子地块与华夏地块的西段界线： 来自桂北和桂东新元古界—寒武系沉积岩的证据

华夏块体与扬子块体拼合带在广西境内的界线一直没有统一的认识.本文对桂北和桂东两个地区的新元古代—寒武纪浅变质沉积岩开展系统的地球化学、碎屑锆石年代学和Hf同位素学研究,以期为此提供岩石学证据.研究显示桂东大瑶山藤县地区存在南华系—震旦系沉积岩,沉积时代晚于741～622 Ma.这些南华系—震旦系沉积岩的碎屑锆石年龄谱以明显的～1.0Ga年龄峰和～2.5Ga弱峰为特征,相似于桂东广泛分布的寒武系沉积岩以及西华夏南岭-云开地体基底变质岩的锆石年龄谱.桂北龙胜地区新元古代沉积岩具有不同的碎屑锆石年龄谱,以一个～0.80 Ga主峰和两个(～2.0 Ga、～2.5 Ga)弱峰为特征,具有扬子南缘新元古代沉积岩的典型年龄谱.桂北新元古代沉积岩具有低的K2 O/Na2 O、Al2 O3/(Na2 O+CaO)和CIA指数,指示源区风化程度和成分成熟度较低,而桂东地区南华系—震旦系和寒武系沉积岩与之相反,说明源区的风化程度以及成分成熟度较高.主量元素和微量元素特征都表明桂北地区新元古代沉积岩的源区中有更多的镁铁质组分,相似于江南造山带其他地区新元古代沉积岩;而桂东地区南华系—震旦系和寒武系沉积岩的源区有较多长英质组分,相似于华夏南岭—云开地区新元古代沉积岩.结合桂东震旦系沉积岩具有与南岭-云开地体基底岩石相似的碎屑锆石Hf同位素组成,可以确定桂东大瑶山地区属于西华夏地块,而桂北龙胜地区属于扬子地块南缘江南造山带.因此,扬子地块与华夏地块西段的界线最有可能从桂北龙胜地区与桂东大瑶山地区之间通过.     

Organic Carbon Isotope Geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, South China

The Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation on the Yangtze Platform, South China, documents a sedimentary succession with different sedimentary facies from carbonate platform to slope and to deep sea basin, and hosts one of the world-class phosphorite deposits. In these strata, exquisitely preserved fossils have been discovered： the Weng＇an biota. This study presents carbon isotope geochemistry which is associated paired carbonate and organic matter from the Weng＇an section of a carbonate platform （shelf of the Yangtze Platform, Guizhou Province） from the Songtao section and Nanming section of a transition belt （slope of the Yangtze Platform, Guizhou Province） and from the Yanwutan section （basin area of the Yangtze Platform, Hunan Province）. Environmental variations and bio-events on the Yangtze Platform during the Late Neoproterozoic and their causal relationship are discussed. Negative carbon isotope values for carbonate and organic carbon （mean δ^13Corg = -35.0‰） from the uppermost Nantuo Formation are followed by an overall increase in δ^13C up-section. Carbon isotope values vary between -9.9‰ and 3.6‰ for carbonate and between -35.6‰ and -21.5‰ for organic carbon, respectively. Heavier δ^13Ccarb values suggest an increase in organic carbon burial, possibly related to increasing productivity （such as the Weng＇an biota）. The δ^13C values of the sediments from the Doushantuo Formation decreased from the platform via the slope to basin, reflecting a reduced environment with minor dissolved inorganic carbon possibly due to a lower primary productivity. It is deduced that the classical upwelling process, the stratification structure and the hydrothermal eruption are principally important mechanisms to interpret the carbon isotopic compositions of the sediments from the Doushantuo Formation.     

扬子地块西缘天全新元古代过铝质花岗岩类成因机制及其构造动力学背景

四川西部天全地区花岗岩属于扬子地块西缘岩浆岩带,是"康滇地轴"北段的重要组成部分。岩石形成年龄为851±15Ma(MSWD=0.7),属于新元古代花岗岩,与扬子地块西缘和北缘大量的中酸性侵入体和火山岩具有相近的形成年龄。火夹沟花岗闪长岩为过铝质、低Si O2、具有相对亏损的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学组成,结合岩石低的Al2O3/Ti O2和高的Ca O/Na2O比值,其应是在镁铁质岩浆底侵的条件下,成熟度较低的杂砂岩部分熔融形成的过铝质熔体,岩石较低的Si O2含量表明其同化了部分镁铁质熔体。而角脚坪花岗岩具有高的Si O2含量,为过铝质、富Na的熔体,而且具有极度亏损的Sr-Nd同位素组成,表明其应是亏损的玄武质岩石(洋壳或是与地幔柱有关的玄武岩)在H2O饱和条件下发生低程度部分熔融形成的过铝质熔体。结合扬子西缘其它新元古代火成岩的地球化学特征及区域构造资料,我们认为天全地区的Na质花岗闪长岩-花岗岩组合代表在高地温梯度条件下,玄武质岩石在H2O饱和条件下发生部分熔融形成的过铝质花岗岩。     

Sequence Stratigraphy and Evolution of the Neoproterozoic Marginal Basins Along Southeastern Yangtze Craton, South China

Four sequence sets have been recognized in the Neoproterozoic basins along the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Craton, South China. The first sequence set consists of the Baizhu and Hetong Formations (or their equivalents), which is absent or partially absent in the denudational areas of the Jiangnan Ridge division. It represents the beginning of the continental rifting. The second sequence set is made up of the Sanmenjie and Gongdong Formations (or their equivalents), and is characterised by widespread rift volcanism. The third sequence set is represented by the Chang'an Formation glacial deposits in the Hunan-Guangxi sub-basin, which is absent in land areas covered by continental ice sheets. The Nantuo tillites and subsequent carbonaceous and siliceous sediments (the Doushantuo and Dengying Formations) constitute the fourth sequence set in the study area, marking the end of the continental rifting. The first three sets have been interpreted as forming the rift-fill, and the last one the rift cover. This study is the first step towards a better understanding of the Neoproterozoic basin history in South China, and a more robust correlation with Neoproterozoic successions in other continents formed during the breakup of Rodinia.     

晚震旦世至早寒武世扬子地台北缘碳同位素研究

震旦-寒武交变期是地史上一个重大转折期,亦是一个具有特殊意义的过渡时期.运用碳同位素地球化学方法,探讨扬子地台北缘四川南江地区晚震旦世-早寒武世交变期,碳同位素地球化学异常与环境变化和生物演化的相互联系.南江剖面沉积岩有机碳同位素组成在-35.8‰~-30.1‰间变化;碳酸盐碳同位素组成从-3.5‰~+0.5‰.在灯影组顶部、牛蹄塘组下部和上部,变化的碳、硫同位素组成和不同的黄铁矿与有机碳含量反映了有机碳埋藏量和环境的变化.下寒武统富有机碳和黄铁矿的黑色页岩沉积,暗示了早寒武世早期缺氧环境的存在.     

溧水盆地晚中生代基性火山岩成因与深部动力学过程探讨

下扬子地区溧水盆地晚中生代龙王山组基性火山岩属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列,具有低MgO(3.16%～4.97%)和相容元素含量(如Cr11～34μg/g、Ni 9～27 μg/g),强烈富集大离子亲石元素(Ba/Nb=94～144)、轻稀土元素(La/Nb=3.7～4.6)和亏损Nb-Ta,稍高的Sr同位素组成[(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.705 73～0.706 17]和具弱负εNd(t)值(-3.0～-1.9).龙王山组基性火山岩的元素-同位素地球化学特征反映其来源于富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素的岩石圈地幔;它们在Sr-Nd同位素组成上与大别-苏鲁造山带同时代的基性火成岩具有明显的差别,暗示其熔融源区不大可能受到俯冲陆壳的改造富集作用,更可能是早期具高Rb/Sr、低Sm/Nd和亏损高场强元素的流体/熔体交代作用的结果,总体上具有俯冲大洋板片交代作用的特征.在岩浆熔融深部动力学方面,晚中生代高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩浆的起源主要归结于深部岩石圈地幔的热扰动作用和岩石圈伸展-减薄作用,在时空上匹配于同时代郯庐断裂带的巨大走滑活动.     

Mineralogical constraints on the origin of Neoproterozoic felsic intrusions,NW margin of the Yangtze Block,South China

Felsic intrusions in the Hannan region at the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Block mainly include the ca. 730 Ma adakitic Erliba and Wudumen plutons and the ca. 760 Ma calcic-alkali Xixiang and Tianpinghe bodies. These four intrusions were considered to have been formed by melting of the newly formed lower mafic crust. However, the two generations of granitoids have different lithologies and mineral compositions. Thermobarometry calculations reveal that the Erliba and Wudumen granitoids formed under approximately similar emplacement pressures (2.96–3.11 kbar) and temperatures (787–789°C). The Xixiang emplaced body was intruded at high pressure (?3.54 kbar) and low temperature (?676°C), whereas the Tianpinghe pluton solidified at low pressure (?2.00 kbar) and high temperature (～747°C). The four intrusions have similar oxygen fugacity ranges near the nickel-nickel oxide buffer, suggesting oxidized parental magmas. The Erliba and Wudumen are estimated to have been generated under pressures higher than 12 kbar, the Xixiang under a pressure of >10 kbar, and the Tianpinghe under a pressure of >6 kbar. Thus, the petrology and geochemical differences among these four felsic intrusions probably mainly resulted from variations of depth and degrees of partial melting. The whole-rock and mineral compositions have arc affinities, suggesting that they were formed in an active continental margin.     

Microfossils from the Upper Sinian (Late Neoproterozoic) Doushantuo Formation in Changyang, Western Hubei, China

l.IntroductionIn1978,YinLeimingandLiZaipingreportedonProterozoicmicroplansinsouthwestChina.Alt-houghmostwerefoundinmacerationofsiliclasticsandcarbonates,thinsectionsoftheDoushantuochertfromtheTianzhushandistrictnearChangyang(samples#TianR.l9and#TianR.29,inL.YinandLi,l978)containedtwolargespinosespeciesfAs-lerocaPsoidessinensis(upto325Umindiameter)andTianzhushaniasPinosa(45opmindiameter).Subsequentst-UdiesoftheDoushantuoFormationindicatethatthemicrofossilsintheDoushantuochertandphosph…     

扬子陆块西北缘早新元古代俯冲增生过程的岩浆记录

华南早新元古代俯冲相关岩浆作用记录为揭示罗迪尼亚超大陆边缘陆块的聚合及增生过程提供了重要制约。本文聚焦华南扬子陆块西北缘出露的早新元古代岩浆作用记录,总结梳理了其年代学框架、地球化学特征以及同位素特征,查明了其源区性质和岩石学成因、并探讨了不同阶段岩浆记录所对应的构造环境。结果表明,扬子陆块西北缘约1.0~0.9 Ga岩石具有与新生岛弧岩浆类似的微量元素特征,强不相容元素的含量略低于大陆弧,并且具有亏损的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成和略低于地幔值的锆石δ18O值,这些特征指示约1.0~0.9 Ga岩浆岩最有可能形成于洋内弧环境。相比之下,约0.9~0.83 Ga岩浆岩具有与平均上地壳类似的微量元素特征,富集强不相容元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,并且具有富集的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,锆石δ18O值与地幔值相当或略高,指示其可能形成于大陆弧环境。此外,镁铁质岩石全岩Nd和锆石Hf同位素随年龄的长期变化趋势揭示了地幔源区性质周期性地富集和亏损,这可能是由于俯冲带间歇性地前进和后撤引起的挤压–伸展构造体制的不断交替所致。本文结果为扬子陆块西北缘新元古代早期的构造演化历史和俯冲增生动力学机制提供了制约。     

Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Neoproterozoic, highly fractionated A-type granites from Mianning, South China

The origin of Neoproterozoic intrusions (ca. 860–750 Ma) along the western part of the Yangtze Craton has been the subject of debate in recent years, with two competing models proposed. The plume model argues for an extensional setting and emphasizes the role of a superplume in the Rodinia breakup, whereas the arc model argues for the presence of a subduction zone in the Yangtze Craton. As a contribution to this animated dispute, geochronologic and geochemical analyses have been carried out on the Mianning granite, which is the largest pluton (700 km²) in the northern Kangdian rift of the western Yangtze Craton. It is shown that the Mianning granites were emplaced at ca. 780 Ma and display highly fractionated feature (i.e., SiO₂ > 75 wt%; Eu/Eu* = 0.03–0.50; enrichment of K, Rb, Th, U, Zr, Hf, Y and REEs; depletion of Nb, Ta, Ba, Sr, P, Eu and Ti). They are metaluminous to strongly peraluminous (A/CNK = 0.93–1.55) and contain abundant perthite and minor alkali riebeckite and sphene, sharing the petrological and geochemical characters of A₂-type granites. Positive _Nd (t) (2.97–5.24) and zircon _Hf (t) (9.2–12.1) values are consistent with a derivation by partial melting of a relatively young crust formed about 1000–900 Ma. Given the general absence of A-type granites in arc settings, the Mianning A-type granites are suggestive of an anorogenic, crustal extensional environment for the western Yangtze Craton during the Neoproterozoic. The data presented in this study are therefore consistent with an intracontinental rift model, but are not sufficient to identify plume involvement in the Neoproterozoic magmatism.     

Neoproterozoic alkaline intrusive complex in the northwestern Yangtze Block,Micang Mountains region,South China: petrogenesis and tectonic significance

Voluminous Neoproterozoic mafic–ultramafic, felsic, and alkaline intrusions are found in the northern Yangtze Block, South China. Here, we present whole-rock major and trace element, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions, together with zircon U–Pb ages, for syenite and gabbro samples from the Shuimo–Zhongziyuan alkaline intrusive complex in the Micang Mountains region at the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Block. Zircon U–Pb dating yields crystallization ages for the Na- and K-rich Shuimo syenites of 869 ± 4 (MSWD = 0.85, 2σ) and 860 ± 5 Ma (MSWD = 0.47, 2σ), respectively, and for the Zhongziyuan gabbros of 753 ± 4 Ma (MSWD = 0.23, 2σ), indicating that the syenites and gabbros represent different stages of magmatism. The syenites include both Na- and K-rich types and have high values of the Rittman index (σ), and high SiO₂ and Na₂O + K₂O contents. These syenites are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large-ion lithophile elements (LILE), but depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSE), with high (La/Yb)_N values and small negative and positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.74–1.17). In contrast, the gabbros have lower SiO₂ and Na₂O + K₂O contents, are only slightly enriched in LREEs, are enriched in LILE but depleted in HFSEs, and have small negative and positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.86–1.37). The syenites have low initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.703340) and ?_Nd(t) values (+1.9 to +7.7). The gabbros have relatively high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.703562–0.704933) and positive ?_Nd(t) values (+1.6 to +4.5). These data suggest that the syenites and gabbros are isotopically similar and were largely derived from melts of depleted mantle. The syenites underwent significant fractional crystallization and small amounts of crustal contamination during magma evolution. In contrast, the gabbros were formed by partial melting (>15%) of a garnet lherzolite source and might also have experienced crustal assimilation. Taking into account the geochemical signatures and magmatic events, we propose that the Shuimo syenites formed in an intra-arc rifting setting, however, the Zhongziyuan gabbros were most likely produced in a subduction-related, continental margin arc setting during the Neoproterozoic, thus suggesting that the alkaline intrusive complex were formed by the arc-related magmatism in the Micang Mountains.     

中扬子地区晚震旦世-早寒武世沉积特征及岩相古地理

中扬子地区指青峰-湘广断裂带以南,湘黔桂海盆以北,鄂西恩施-龙山一线以东的湖北省和湖南省的大部分地区。根据中扬子地区上震旦统-下寒武统十余条代表性剖面的沉积特征及其横向展布规律,应用等时面优势相成图方法编制了晚震旦世的陡山沱期、灯影期,早寒武世的筇竹寺期、沧浪铺早期、沧浪铺晚期、龙王庙期共6幅岩相古地理图。中扬子地区上震旦统发育了从碳酸盐潮坪、开阔台地、浅滩、台地边缘、斜坡到台地前缘盆地等沉积,下寒武统下部主要为细碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组成的混合型浅海陆棚沉积,上部变成碳酸盐潮坪、开阔台地、台缘斜坡和台缘盆地沉积。晚震旦世岩相古地理格局由碳酸盐台地(鄂中台地)和南边的台缘盆地组成。由于地壳差异性升降运动,晚震旦世陡山沱期岩相古地理格局发生了急剧变化。早寒武世早-中期岩相古地理格局由鄂中古陆、围绕古陆的碳酸盐潮坪、陆棚及南边的陆棚边缘盆地组成。早寒武世中-晚期岩相古地理格局由碳酸盐潮坪、开阔台地、台缘斜坡和台缘盆地组成,该地区主体进入碳酸盐台地演化阶段。     

中上扬子地区早古生代烃源岩沉积环境与油气勘探

中上扬子地区早古生代沉积盆地主要表现为克拉通海相盆地(∈-O2)和发育在克拉通之上的隆后盆地(O3-S).由于受区域构造作用、海平面变化以及古气候等主控因素的制约,形成了有利于烃源岩生成的沉积环境,奠定了油气生烃成藏的物质基础.早寒武世,中上扬子地区主要表现为浅海环境,沉积了由上升洋流带来的磷质物质以及分布稳定的黑色页...     

大兴安岭牙克石地区新元古代与晚古生代两类岩石组合的构造属性及其地质意义

在内蒙牙克石地区发育两种不同构造属性的岩石组合:一类为乌奴耳-头道桥蛇绿混杂岩,另一类为晚古生代弧属性侵入岩。乌奴耳-头道桥蛇绿混杂岩由辉长岩、辉长辉绿岩、辉绿玢岩(岩墙?)、变玄武岩和放射虫硅质岩组成;地球化学特征显示基性岩类属于拉斑玄武岩系列,具有相似的稀土和原始地幔标准化配分模式,与N-MORB的特征类似,不具有Nb-Ta负异常,Nb/Nb~*值平均1;构造环境判别图显示该蛇绿混杂岩可能形成于扩张脊。晚古生代弧属性侵入岩出露于白井山、乌尔其汗,由中基性单元(辉长岩、辉长闪长岩和石英闪长岩)和酸性单元(花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩)组成;地球化学特征显示中基性单元和酸性单元属于钙碱性岩系列,富集LREEs和LILEs,具有Nb-Ta负异常,高Sr、Sr/Y值,低HREEs和Y,Eu异常不明显;酸性单元显示埃达克质岩的地球化学特征。乌奴耳-头道桥蛇绿混杂岩可能形成于新元古代,与头道桥蓝片岩、吉峰蛇绿混杂岩、新林蛇绿岩构成一条重要的缝合带,暗示本区古洋盆的存在。晚古生代弧属性侵入岩中,辉长岩的结晶年龄为326±1.9Ma,花岗闪长岩的结晶年龄为323.7±1.9Ma;微量元素的组成特征显示,中基性单元和酸性单元的形成与早石炭世洋壳板片的俯冲作用有关,暗示兴安地块和松嫩地块之间洋盆的萎缩。     

Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic transition: Geochemistry, provenance and tectonic setting of clastic sedimentary rocks on the SE margin of the Yangtze Block, South China

The SE margin of the Yangtze Block, South China is composed of the Mesoproterozoic Lengjiaxi Group and the Neoproterozoic Banxi Group, with Sinian- and post-Sinian-cover. A geochemical study was undertaken on the Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic clastic sediments in order to delineate the characteristics of the sediment source and to constrain the tectonic development and crustal evolution of South China.Our results show that the Mesoproterozoic clastic sediments have a dominant component derived from a metavolcanic-plutonic terrane, with a large of mafic component. There is a minor contribution of mafic rocks and older upper crustal rocks to the provenance. Strong chemical weathering in the source area occurred before transport and deposition. The provenance for the Neoproterozoic clastic sediments was most likely old upper continental crust composed of tonalite–granodiorite-dominated, tonalite–granodiorite–granite source rocks, which had undergone strong weathering and/or recycling. A minor component of older K-rich granitic plutonic rocks and younger volcanogenic bimodal rocks is also indicated.Based on the regional geology, the geochemical data and the inferred provenance, the Mesoproterozoic Group is interpreted as a successive sedimentary sequence, deposited in an extensional/rifting back-arc basin, adjacent to a >1.80 Ga continental margin arc-terrane. The progressive extension/rifting of the back-arc basin was followed by increasing subsidence and regional uplift during continental marginal arc-continent (the Cathaysian Block) collision at 1.0 Ga caused the deposition of the Neoproterozoic Group into back-arc to retro-arc foreland basin. Therefore, the depositional setting of the Proterozoic clastic sediments and associated volcanic rocks within the back-arc basin reflected basin development from an active continental margin (back-arc basin), with extension or rifting of the back-arc basin, to a passive continental margin.     

扬子地块西缘新元古代泸沽A型花岗岩成因与变泥质岩熔融

前人对扬子地块西缘新元古代I型和S型花岗岩开展了深入的研究工作,但有关A型花岗岩的研究则鲜有报道,其岩石成因及大地构造意义仍存较大争议。文章选择最新发现的泸沽A型花岗岩体为研究对象,开展系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石学和地球化学研究,探讨其成因机制和地质意义。泸沽花岗岩由钾长花岗岩和二长花岗岩组成,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析显示其结晶年龄分别为(806±5)Ma和(815±5)Ma,属新元古代岩浆活动产物。岩石具有高硅(SiO_2=71.2%~76.1%)、高碱(K_2O+Na_2O=6.73%~8.95%)、高K_2O/Na_2O比值(1.89~3.60)和强过铝质(A/CNK=1.07~1.49)的特征。[FeO~T/(FeO~T+Mg O)]-SiO_2和[(Na_2O+K_2O)-CaO]-SiO_2图解均指示泸沽花岗岩为铁质碱钙性A型花岗岩。泸沽花岗岩具有较高的稀土元素含量(∑REE=221×10~(-6)~387×10~(-6)),具有轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损的特征((La/Yb)N=3.42~9.69),具有明显Eu的负异常(δEu=0.10~0.34)。泸沽花岗岩具有较高的Zr、Nb、Ce和Y含量,具有较高的Ga/Al、Y/Nb、Yb/Ta和Ce/Nb比值,显示出典型的A2型花岗岩特征。综合元素地球化学及区域地质资料,文章提出泸沽新元古代铝质A2型花岗岩起源于新元古代早期俯冲造山过程中的变泥质岩熔融。     

扬子克拉通拉伸系莲沱组年代框架与沉积过程

扬子克拉通保存的独特拉伸纪晚期碎屑岩建造为研究新元古代中期演化提供了绝佳素材,内部丰富的凝灰岩夹层和同位素年龄也为扬子克拉通新元古代中期演化提供有效的年代学约束。然而扬子克拉通拉伸系莲沱组内部演化缺少年代学约束,制约了拉伸纪晚期扬子克拉通的沉积演化研究。本研究通过野外地质调查,采用LA-ICP-MS技术获取莲沱组底界(神农架)凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为763.1±6.2 Ma,莲沱组下部陆相地层中获得(鹤峰)的凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄761.8±7.1 Ma,莲沱组中下部海陆过渡段获得通山(764.1±3.5 Ma)、长阳(751.5±6.3 Ma)、神农架(752.1±6.5 Ma)三组凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄。莲沱组顶部海相地层获得729.6±9.2 Ma(皖南休宁组)、722.4±4.5 Ma(神农架)凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄,以及城口龙潭河组凝灰岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄(712.4±6.4 Ma)。这些凝灰岩锆石年龄数据和地层序列表明：820～770 Ma扬子克拉通普遍处于暴露剥蚀环境,770～750 Ma开始沉积陆相-海陆过渡相莲沱组,750 Ma之后扬子克拉通过渡到海...     

Biomarker geochemistry of marine organic matter in the Hushan and Chaohu areas,Lower Yangtze region

Marine strata are widely exposed in the Hushan and Chaohu areas, Lower Yangtze region. As biomarker geochemistry of the strata has not been well documented, this paper deals with the biomarker composition of representative samples collected from the Silurian, Carboniferous and Triassic systems and their geological implications, thus providing clues to marine organic matter. On the basis of experimental results, it is shown that abundant biomarkers (e.g. n-alkanes, isoprenoids, terpanes and steranes) were detected. As organic matter in the strata is highly to over mature in general based on petrologic microobservation, some biomarkers (mainly n-alkanes) except terpanes and steranes cannot reflect the source, depositional environment and maturity of organic matter. Thus, primarily based on analyses of the terpanes and steranes, it is suggested that organic matter in the Silurian and Carboniferous strata is derived mainly from lower organisms, while higher plants are predominant in the Triassic organic matter. This further indicates that the depositional environment may have transformed from the marine to continental facies in the Late Triassic. These results provide new evidence for the study of regional depositional evolution, and have enriched the study of biological composition of organic matter. In addition, the biomarker geochemistry of organic matter at high to over maturation stage is addressed.     

扬子区西南缘奥陶纪末—志留纪初笔石生物地层对比及意义

利用扬子西南缘天全、汉源、甘洛、布拖、金阳、永善、绥江、大关地区五峰组—龙马溪组重点剖面露头点和钻井岩心资料,通过笔石生物地层划分,建立了五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩的等时地层格架。通过对比纵横向黑色页岩的TOC含量、沉积厚度、优质页岩厚度等数据变化,探讨笔石带的分布与沉积环境、优质页岩的关系。结果表明,各剖面和钻井中WF2—LM4笔石带优质页岩普遍发育。其中布拖、金阳靠近康滇古陆边缘的地区,LM5笔石带、LM6笔石带岩石地层明显增厚;永善—绥江云永地2井、新地2井、绥江B井等地区,笔石带分布和沉积环境相似,优质页岩沉积上界由LM4笔石带逐步上延至LM6笔石带。五峰组—龙马溪组优质页岩在靠近康滇古陆一侧沉积时限为WF2—LM4及以下笔石带,远离古陆一侧沉积时限呈逐渐变长的趋势。天全大井坪、汉源轿顶山一带WF2—LM5笔石带优质页岩发育,轿顶山地区岩石地层厚度明显减薄,天全大井坪地区明显增厚,受特殊环境影响可能仍具有良好的勘探潜力。研究成果对扬子西南缘页岩气沉积有利区优选提供了依据。