青藏高原区域地质调查重要新进展

区域地质调查是国家经济可持续发展及地质科学研究的基础性、公益性和战略性的地质工作.1999-2001年,按青藏高原空白区区调计划,集全国区域地质调查的骨干与精兵,先后开展了43幅1:25万区域地质调查工作(图1),面积逾60×104km2,参与单位26个.     

贵州地质工作者奋战在世界屋脊——青藏高原

2001年以来，贵州地质调查院跨出省门，奔赴青藏高原北缘中昆地区、羌塘地区，新疆西天山、东天山地区，内蒙古二连浩特地区开展区域地质调查及找矿工作。承担的项目有：1：25万奥依雅依拉克、羊湖幅区域地质调查、1：25万丁固、加措幅区域地质调查、     

新一代《青藏高原及邻区地质图》(1∶150万)即将出版

第二代《青藏高原及邻区地质图》(1∶15 0万)自1988年出版至今,已有16年。即将出版的新一代《青藏高原及邻区地质图》(1∶15 0万)适时体现了这一时期内大量的重要地质成果。1999—2 0 0 2年,中国地质调查局为实施新一轮基础地质大调查计划,在青藏高原空白区部署了4 4幅1∶2 5万区域地质调查,是我国在2 1世纪初期规模最大的一项基础地质调查系统工程。经地质学者艰苦拼搏,首批图幅成果已验收。2 0 0 2年中国地质调查局又启动了青藏高原空白区基础地质调查与综合研究项目,至2 0 0 5年青藏全境1∶2 5万区域地质调查可完成全覆盖。新资料、新成…     

挑战生命禁区 奋战雪域高原——贵州省地质调查院参与完成的中国地调局青藏高原项目荣获国家科技进步特等奖

2012年2月14日,在北京举行的国家科学技术奖励大会上,由贵州省地质调查院参与完成的“青藏高原地质理论创新与找矿重大突破”集成成果,荣获国家科学技术进步特等奖。自1999年以来,贵州省地质调查院参加第一批青藏高原空白区填图计划,历时13年时间,共承担青藏专项1：25万区域地质调查4幅、1：5万区域矿产地质调查4幅、西藏羌塘油气勘查等项目。     

青藏高原的金属矿产资源

青藏高原正在实施1：25万区域地质调查，截止2003年底已完成40余个图幅，对区域地质构造、地层古生物、岩浆岩、火山岩、变质岩和矿产资源等进行了全面的调查，发现了许多新的矿产地。我们受中国地质调查局有关领导及《地质通报》编辑部的委托，特对青藏高原的金属矿产资源进行初步评点。     

《沉积与特提斯地质》2005年总目录

第25卷第1-2期青藏高原南部空白区暨川渝滇黔地区地质调查成果专辑“青藏高原南部空白区暨川渝滇黔地区地质调查成果专辑”序……………………………………丁俊(1)“青藏高原南部空白区基础地质调查与研究”计划项目新成果、新进展……………成都地质矿产研究所(2)1∶25万松西幅、温泉幅地质调查成果与进展…………………………………………安徽省地质调查院(9)1∶25万土则岗日幅、托和平错幅地质调查成果与进展………………………………山西省地质调查院(16)1∶25万查多岗日幅、布若错幅地质调查成果与进展…………………………广西区域地…     

宜昌地质矿产研究所区域地质研究室简介

区域地质研究室主要从事区域地质调查、基础地质研究和多目标地质填图等公益性、基础性地质工作。研究室在编人员1 6人,以中青年专业人员为主,其中研究员2名、高级工程师(教授级) 2名、副研究员5名,专业领域涵盖岩石、地层古生物、构造、矿产、遥感地质、第四纪地质与环境地质等学科。该室先后在川西、藏北高原、海南岛和长江三峡等地区完成了多项区域地质调查、基础地质研究和国土资源综合调查评价科研项目。近期,研究室全面完成了青藏高原1∶2 5万赤布张错幅和海南岛1∶2 5万乐东、陵水幅区域地质调查项目的各项任务,提交了区域地质调查成…     

我国地质调查九年来主要成果

1、发现和评价一批大型、超大型后备勘查基地,对全国矿产勘查发挥了重要的引导作用。 2、基础地质工作程度明显提高,为资源勘查、重大工程建设提供了重要基础资料。更新一批国家基础地质图件;填补青藏高原、大兴安岭地区中比例尺区域地质调查空白;实现1：100万全国重力调查和航空磁测陆域全覆盖;解决了一系列重大地质问题,发现大量找矿线索;开展了1：100万海洋区域地质调查试点,为开展海洋区域地质调查奠定了基础。     

在青藏高原空白区1:25万区域地质调查成果报告会暨"十一五"工作重点研讨会开幕式上的讲话(代序)

各位领导、各位代表: 我一直期待着参加"青藏高原空白区1:25万区域地质调查成果报告会暨‘十一五'工作重点研讨会",但由于近日突遇情况,不能如约出席,请各位原谅.中国地质调查局在青藏高原空白区区域地质调查方面取得了重大突破,获得了丰硕的地质成果,我感到很兴奋.通过报告会和研讨会这样一个学术平台,来自全国各地的地质科技工作者和科学家会聚一堂,宣传、总结、交流青藏高原区域地质调查取得的最新进展与成果,研讨、谋划青藏高原的下一步工作,这是一次具有重要影响和重大意义的会议.借此机会,请允许我代表中国科学院地学部,向光临本次会议的各位领导、各位专家,特别是在青藏高原区域地质调查野外第一线的地质工作者,表示由衷的敬意与诚挚的问候!     

青藏高原1∶25万区域地质调查资料目录

青藏高原1∶25万区域地质调查资料目录推动地质调查成果及其信息化产品的社会化服务是地质工作最重要的任务之一,产品开发利用的价值向和满足需求的程度决定了这项工作的内涵与成效。为了提高地质调查成果的社会化服务水平,加快推进质资料数据公共服务体系建设,中国地质调查局发展研究中心(全国地质资料馆)资料部门,在上级领导和位的悉心指导下,于近期组织专家学者就“地质资料开发利用及地质调查信息产品社会需求分析”等项议进行了广泛的交流和研讨。本刊编辑部有幸参加讨论,并与资料部门就上述议题背景下的“地质调查成果料的传播和旨在…     

CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用

可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。     

Geography in general education in Nigeria

This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics, students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students. The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs.     

Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal

Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates. In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005. The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and natural systems.     

2010年的美国铀矿业

2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。     

地下水环境中的硫代砷研究进展

硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。     

花岗岩地区地下水水文地质特征分析

通过对泰安市岱岳区花岗岩地区地下水的形成条件、地下水类型、分布状况、水文地质特征以及地下水补给、径流、排泄条件的分析,指出了花岗岩地区供水方向。     

Recent advances in aquaculture in Japan

Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry.     

Some Measurements of Radon in Soils and in Stream-Water in County Durham

Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters.     

内蒙古苏尼特地下水氟污染形成机理研究

为了研究内蒙古苏尼特地区地下水氟污染机理,本文运用水文地球化学分类方法,从水文地质、水化学特征两方面研究其地下水的水质特征、氟的起源、分布规律及污染形成机理。研究结果发现:高氟地下水的主要水质类型为HCO3—Na型,pH值在7.08～9.38之间,氟浓度与井深有关,即井越浅,氟浓度越高;地下水中氟浓度最高达14.78mg/L,5～9月地下水氟浓度相对增长率在7.8～23.1之间;F-浓度与Li+、Br-相关系数达0.89和0.82,受断层影响的深层地下水中F-浓度几乎与Li+、Br-没有相关关系,这暗示着氟来源于浅部,并受到强烈的蒸发作用影响而使水中的氟浓缩;地质调查发现该地区还有数个萤石矿存在,显微镜分析结果证实表层土壤中普遍存在CaF2,地下水中的氟来自CaF2。高氟地下水存在于潜水层,深部含水层的地下水可供开采。从断层带涌出的水对潜水层有稀释作用。