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冬季南海上层环流动力机制的数值研究 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
通过利用一个分区性的正压-斜压衔接模式来探讨冬季南海的上层环流特征及其动力机制,结果表明:(1)在南海北部,流态主要受黑潮的影响,除了东沙群岛西南的大陆架海域以及吕宋岛北部西岸附近各为一反气旋涡外,整个南海北部为一气旋式大环流所控制.(2)在南海南部主要是风生环流,源自粤西沿岸的水体在东北季风的作用下顺南海西边界岸线向南流动,形成一支相当强的西边界流;同时,由于受北康暗沙以南的陆架坡底形效应和β效应的作用,使得在南海南部出现以一个反气旋涡在南沙海槽处产生、发展并向西传播乃至衰减的约50d的周期性过程 相似文献
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利用1个正压的数值模式研究风应力、黑潮对南海东北部及台湾海峡环流的影响,结果为:(1)以风应力为驱动机制时其流态特别是在台湾海峡的流动具有季节性,但未反映南海黑潮分支的存在;在冬季也未见有南海暖流出现,但在东沙群岛附近海域终年存在着1个气旋涡;(2)以黑潮为驱动机制时,黑潮通过巴士海峡侵入南海海域,并导致东沙群岛附近气旋性涡旋的形成。另外,模式体现黑潮南海分支、南海暖流及台湾暖流的存在,并表明广东沿岸大陆架坡折区底形效应的重要性;(3)以风应力及黑潮入流作为联合驱动机制时,模式的结果似为第1,2种情形结果的叠加。 相似文献
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利用一个耦合的数值模式对南海东北部及台湾海峡附近的环境进行数值模拟,以研究多种可能的动力机制,对该海区的影响。结果表明,当以风应力、黑潮作为驱动机制时,该模式的计算结果大致与正压模式的计算结果桢,风应力促使研究海区流场的结构和强度发生变化,而黑潮才可能是该海区动力机制的主要因子,黑潮入流,入射角及海区层结程度等因素对该海区流态变化的影响较大;文章同时指出摩擦效应对于流场结构产生影响的重要性。 相似文献
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1998年冬季南海环流的三维结构 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
利用1998年11月28日至12月27日南海的调查资料,采用三维海流诊断模式,计算了冬季南海三维海流,所得结果如下:(1)冬季南海环流系统方面:1)南海北部,在吕宋西北海域分别存在一个气旋式、反气旋式涡.2)南海中部,在越南近岸存在较强的、南向的西边界射流.其以东海域出现较强的气旋式环流.南海中部东侧海域存在一个较弱的反气旋式环流.3)南海南部,一般流速较弱.在112°E以西受反气旋式环流所控制,加里曼丹岛西北海域存在气旋性环流.由于受调查海域所限,这两个环流只部分出现.(2)上述环流系统与200 m层水平温度、密度分布对应较好.(3)南海冬季环流垂向速度分布方面:1)表层,南海北部,在吕宋西北为范围较大的上升流海区.而在东沙群岛附近海域出现了下降流.海南岛以南及东南海域也存在下降流.南海中部,越南以东海域出现范围较大的下降流,其以东为上升流海域,而在巴拉望岛西北海域又出现下降流.南海南部,基本上被上升流海域所控制.2)次表层与表层不同,例如在次表层,海南岛东南部海域出现上升流.中层和深层垂向速度分布与次表层相似.(4)关于南海垂向速度分量分布的动力原因:在表层,风应力旋度场起着主要作用;在次表层,β效应与斜压场相互作用是重要的动力因子,而风应力旋度场和β效应与正压场相互作用也有一定影响;在南海中部等区域的中层以及在南海的深层,主要受B效应与斜压场相互作用和B效应与正压场相互作用的共同作用. 相似文献
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东海和南黄海冬季环流的斜压模式 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
基于文献[1]所给出的环流模型,引进黑潮边界力和长江径流,获得了东海和南黄海冬季三维环流结构.计算结果较好地再现了主要流系的基本特征;对台湾暖流、对马暖流和黄海暖流的路径及起源进行了分析;给出的环流垂直分量揭示了在浙江和福建沿岸冬季都存在明显的上升流区,并指出了上升流区的位置和强度. 相似文献
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南海冬、夏季环流的三维数值模拟 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文利用一个斜压三维陆架海模式——HAMSOM模式对12月份和8月份的南海环流进行数值模拟,结果为:对上层流场,在12月份,在西沙群岛-中沙群岛海区间呈现一个气旋式环流,在越南中部东岸存在一支南向西边界流,在金兰湾的远海为一局地反气旋涡,在南海南部,主要表现为万安滩的气旋式大弯曲(气旋涡)及在北康暗沙北侧的反气旋涡;在8月份,在东沙群岛-中沙群岛-吕宋岛西侧海域间存在一大尺度的气旋涡,在南海西部主要表现为以西沙群岛南部的气旋涡与金兰湾-礼乐滩间的反气旋式大环流相对峙的局面,同时在万安滩东侧有-气旋涡.由于斜压效应、底形效应的作用,使冬、夏季的南海南部中层流场几乎与上层流场相反. 相似文献
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用已成功地模拟了大尺度环流和黑潮的三维、斜压以及具自由海水表面的数值模式,模拟了冬季南海流场、温度场和海面高度场。所用网格为0.25°×0.25°,垂直方向分为6层;除巴土海峡和台湾海峡外,其它边界假设为封闭;巴士海峡和台湾海峡的边界值用已模拟的大尺度环流值。模拟结果基本上反映了南海冬季环流的特征。从模拟结果可知,黑潮从巴士海峡南部进入南海后,其大部分又从对21°以北返回大洋。巴士海峡西侧的气旋型环流似乎具有相对的独立性;当然,涡旋东侧在巴士海峡的N向流可能与黑潮水混合,而且从这支流中分离出-小支流继续向北,汇入到“南海暖流”中。黑潮水虽然大部分返回太平洋,但是巴士海峡西侧的气旋型环流是由巴士海峡处的黑潮诱发的,南海海底地形对南海环流的形态(特别是对“南海暖流”的形成)有很大的影响。 相似文献
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Mesoscale eddies(MEs) in the South China Sea(SCS) simulated by a quasi-global eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model are evaluated against satellite data during 1993–2007. The modeled ocean data show more activity than shown by the satellite data and reproduces more eddies in the SCS. A total of 345(428) cyclonic eddies(CEs) and 330(371) anti-cyclonic eddies(AEs) generated for satellite(model) data are identified during the study period, showing increase of ~24% and ~12% for the model data, respectively. Compared with eddies in satellite, the simulated eddies tend to have smaller radii, larger amplitudes, a slightly longer lifetime, faster movement and rotation speed, a slightly larger nonlinear properties(U/c) in the model. However, the spatial distribution of generated eddies appears to be inhomogeneous, with more CEs in the northern part of SCS and fewer AEs in the southern part. This is attributed to the exaggerated Kuroshio intrusion in the model because the small islands in the Luzon Strait are still not well resolved although the horizontal resolution reaches(1/10)°. The seasonal variability in the number and the amplitude of eddies generated is also investigated. 相似文献
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A high resolved two - dimensional linear global diagnostic model combining with the dynamical calculation is used to calculate ve- locity field in the South China Sea(SCS). The study of model results shows that eddy diffusion does not change basic structure of circulation in the SCS and does not change the direction of invasive water, but changes the value of transport considerably espe- cially in straits. The velocity field is not changed whether the wind stress is considered or not. This result shows the circulation is largely determined by a density field which well records most of the important contribution of the wind stress effect. Potential vor- ticity is calculated to testify the dynamics of the model results. The result shows that a good conservation of the nonlinear PV. This indicates most effects of the important nonlinear processes are well recorded in density and the nonlinear term is negligible so that the simplified model is reliable. The model results show the water exchanges between the SCS and open ocean or surrounding seas. Cold deep water invades through Luzon Strait and Warm shallow water is pushed out mainly through Karimata Straits. The model results also reveal the structure of the circulation in the SCS basin. In two circulations of upper and middle layers, a cyclon- ic one in the north and an anti-cyclonic one in the south, reflect the climatologic average of the circulation driven by monsoon. In the deep or bottom layer, these two circulations reflect the topography of the basin. Above the middle layer, invasive water enters westward in the north but the way of invasion of Kuroshio is not clear. Below the deep layer, a current goes down south near the east basin , and invasive water enters in the basin from the west Pacific. 相似文献
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Recent progress in studies of the South China Sea circulation 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
The South China Sea (SCS) is a semi-enclosed marginal sea with deep a basin. The SCS is located at low latitudes, where the
ocean circulations are driven principally by the Asia-Australia monsoon. Ocean circulation in the SCS is very complex and
plays an important role in both the marine environment and climate variability. Due to the monsoon-mountain interactions the
seasonal spatial pattern of the sea surface wind stress curl is very specific. These distinct patterns induce different basin-scale
circulation and gyre in summer and winter, respectively. The intensified western boundary currents associated with the cyclonic
and anticyclonic gyres in the SCS play important roles in the sea surface temperature variability of the basin. The mesoscale
eddies in the SCS are rather active and their formation mechanisms have been described in recent studies. The water exchange
through the Luzon Strait and other straits could give rise to the relation between the Pacific and the SCS. This paper reviews
the research results mentioned above. 相似文献
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A Review on the Currents in the South China Sea: Seasonal Circulation, South China Sea Warm Current and Kuroshio Intrusion 总被引:43,自引:4,他引:43
Researches on the currents in the South China Sea (SCS) and the interaction between the SCS and its adjacent seas are reviewed. Overall seasonal circulation in the SCS is cyclonic in winter and anticyclonic in summer with a few stable eddies. The seasonal circulation is mostly driven by monsoon winds, and is related to water exchange between the SCS and the East China Sea through the Taiwan Strait, and between the SCS and the Kuroshio through the Luzon Strait. Seasonal characteristics of the South China Sea Warm Current in the northern SCS and the Kuroshio intrusion to the SCS are summarized in terms of the interaction between the SCS and its adjacent seas. 相似文献
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基于2000年8月在南海调查航次得到的水文资料,首次采用广义随底坐标形式的改进POM模式对南海夏季环流进行了数值研究.用正交曲线性水平网格覆盖观测区域,在垂向上对近表海面层次采用近似z坐标,而近底层则为随底坐标.在计算海区实际地形及假设的水平均匀而垂直层化的密度分布下,实施的两个数值计算试验表明,本模式采用的垂直坐标方案比传统的σ坐标方案优越,随底坐标模式因压力梯度项在起伏地形下产生的系统计算误差将变得十分的微小.在南海2000年夏季环流的实际计算中,首先对观测资料进行了60d的诊断计算,然后在诊断已得到的动力场结果基础上,又进行了10d左右的预报运行得到半诊断结果.从计算结果来看,它依赖于参数Cvis与Cdif的选择,特别是参数Cvis,文中取值为Cvis=Cdif=008.比较诊断与半诊断两个计算过程的结果,它们在定性上较为一致,在定量上有些差别.这是因为半诊断计算的方法对密度场作适当的动力调整,使其与地形、风场等更加匹配.在大尺度环流结构不受影响的情况下,尽可能地消除了小尺度噪声,可使计算得到的流场更为清晰.2000年8月南海计算区域环流的最大特点是多涡结构,其中有些反气旋暖涡和气旋式冷涡相间分布.在越南东南海域自表层至1000m水层稳定存在着一个显著的反气旋暖涡,其中心位置在11°51'N,112°07'E(诊断计算),水平尺度约为300km.此暖涡以东存在一个气旋式冷涡,这两个冷、暖涡是研究海区夏季环流的重要环流特征之一.在计算区域东北部夏季环流以反气旋环流系统为主;在计算区域东南部夏季环流以气旋系统为主;南海夏季环流分布,明显出现西部强化特征. 相似文献
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利用高度计海面高度异常数据和非线性1½层约化重力模式研究了南海东部中尺度涡的生成机制。模式结果表明,南海内区风场是南海东部中尺度涡生成的主要驱动力,且南海内区高频风场能解释约54%的南海东部中尺度涡。从西太平洋传来的信号同样有十分重要的作用,由西太区域高频风场大致能解释南海东部40%的中尺度涡。风驱动的赤道附近的海面异常信号能经过锡布图通道和民都洛海峡传播到吕宋岛西海岸,其中有部分能量会以罗斯贝波的形式往西传播。这种信号在西传的过程中会发生不稳定,可能形成孤立的涡旋。 相似文献
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本文对出现在海南岛以东外海的暖涡及其形成机制作了简略的回顾及分析,认为这个暖涡是常常出现在这区域的,其存在与南海北部的西向流在遇到陆架—陆坡海域作反气旋式偏转而延伸为南海暖流有关;同时当南海暖流流向东北作反气旋式弯曲时,在暖流右侧也会出现暖涡。暖涡冬季较弱,夏季当海南岛东岸在西南风作用下出现上升流时会得到加强。 相似文献
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Seasonal variation of eddy kinetic energy in the South China Sea 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Mesoscale eddy activity and its modulation mechanism in the South China Sea (SCS) are investigated with newly reprocessed satellite altimetry observations and hydrographic data.The eddy kinetic energy ... 相似文献
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A coupled single-layer/two-layer model is employed to study the South China Sea (SCS) upper circulation and its response before and after the onset of summer monsoon. It is found that, in summer, due to the β effect and the first baroclinic mode of the wind-driven current, a northward western boundary jet current is formed along the Indo-China Peninsula coast, and it leaves the coast at about 13° N and diffuses towards northeast; next to the Indo-China Peninsula, a large anticyclonic 相似文献
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通过一个全球的二维诊断模型,采用Levitus温盐资料和COADS风应力资料,并结合动力计算来研究南海上层环流的季节变化。计算结果与其它模式结果和观测结果非常相似。南海北部(南部)全年存在一气旋式(反气旋式)环流。在冬季气旋式环流几乎占据了整个南海,夏季则以反气旋式环流为主。泰国湾的环流在冬季(夏季)是气旋式的(反气旋的)。南海的西边界流有明显的季节变化,其在冬季从卡里马塔海峡流出南海,夏季部分西边界流从台湾海峡流出南海。越南离岸流在春季就开始出现,其位置比夏季的越南离岸流的位置偏北。 相似文献