Three-dimensional numerical simulation of oblique wave action on vertical walls

1 Introduction A vertical wall is one of the typical maritime sheltering structures in the coastal region, which is mainly subjected to wave forces. It has been a com- mon engineering assumption adopted for design pur- poses that normally incident wave fo…     

斜向和多向不规则波对直立堤平均越浪量研究

通过三维波浪模型试验研究了斜向和多向不规则波对直立堤的越浪量。分别按平均越浪量和单波最大越浪量进行研究,探讨了平均越浪量随相对堤高、波浪方向、波浪方向分布宽度、波陡和相对水深等影响因素的变化规律,导得了斜向和多向不规则波作用于直立堤上的平均越浪量的计算公式。     

Experimental study on bubble pulse features under the combined action of horizontal and vertical walls

The pulse features of a bubble have a close connection with the boundary condition. When a bubble moves near a rigid wall, it will be attracted by the Bjerknes force of the wall, and a jet pointing at the wall will be generated. In real application, the bubble may move under the combined action of walls in different directions when it forms at the corner of a pipe or at the bottom of a dam. The motion of the bubble shows complex and nonlinear characteristics under these conditions. In order to investigate the bubble pulse features near complex walls, a horizontal wall and a vertical wall are put into the experimental water tank synchronously, and an electric circuit with 200 voltages is designed to generate discharge bubbles, and then experimental study on the bubble pulse features under the combined action of horizontal and vertical walls is carried out. The influences of the combined action of two walls on the bubble shape, pulse period, moving trace and inside jet are obtained by changing the distances from bubble center to the two walls. It aims at providing references for the relevant theoretical and numerical research.     

圆形数值波浪水池斜向和多向入射波浪模拟研究

为了研究斜向入射波浪,基于三维不可压缩两相流模型,开发了一套圆形数值波浪水池数值模型。在圆形波浪水池中,通过源项造波法成功生成了任意入射方向的波浪,并且利用人工摩擦项模拟阻尼区以数值耗散反射波浪。模型基于嵌入式多块网格体系,采用FVM法(finite volume method)离散Navier-Stokes方程,VOF法(volume of fluid)追踪自由水面。试验结果表明,斜向入射波浪的模拟结果与理论值基本一致,圆形波浪水池在模拟斜向入射波浪时,有效区域的面积较传统波浪水池显著增大,而且有效区域受波浪入射角度的影响也较小。同时,通过叠加多列斜向入射波浪,模拟出了多向交叉波列,并通过与理论结果对比,发现其具有较高的精度。     

Three-dimensional analysis of wave attenuation by a submerged, horizontal, bottom-mounted, flexible shell

The effectiveness of a submerged, bottom-mounted, flexible breakwater is investigated numerically. The structure is a horizontal, hemicylindrical shell filled with water. Potential flow is considered, and steady-state motions caused by monochromatic waves are studied. The three-dimensional response to normal and oblique waves is determined using the finite element method and a boundary integral method. Results are presented for a shell with a length of 150 m and a radius of 4 m, situated in water having a mean depth of 6 m. They indicate that the structure is effective in reducing the incident wave intensity over a wide range of frequencies.     

不规则波远破波对直墙的作用

基于物模试验、理论推理、因次分析和工程实例验证等综合分析方法,就不规则波远破波对直墙作用力的计算方法进行了研究,用推荐的方法得到的结果与工程实例符合较好.     

均匀流中直立圆柱体绕流三维数值模拟

研究直立贯底圆柱体的三维粘性绕流问题。以不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程为控制方程,采用有限体积法和SIMPLE算法,建立了数值模拟方法。考察在不同水平和垂直断面上,圆柱体绕流产生的尾涡和流动速度场的分布特性,成功地数值模拟了直立贯底圆柱体绕流场的三维特性。结果表明,在考虑重力影响的情况下,直立圆柱体周围的流动具有明显的三维特性,而且沿圆柱体轴向不同断面上的尾涡分布是不相同的。     

The irregular broken wave forces on vertical wall

ＴｈｅｉｒｒｅｇｕｌａｒｂｒｏｋｅｎｗａｖｅｆｏｒｃｅｓｏｎｖｅｒｔｉｃａｌｗａｌｌＬｉＹｕｃｈｅｎｇ,ＬｉｕＤａｚｈｏｎｇ,ＱｉＧｕｉｐｉｎｇ,ＳｕＸｉａｏｊｕｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＡｐｒｉｌ２１,１９９７,ａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄＪｕｌｙ２,１９９７）Ａｂ...     

部分反射直墙前二维物体的绕射和辐射问题

基于映像理论将部分反射直墙前物体的散射问题,等效于开敞水域中原物体的散射和关于直墙映像体散射的线性叠加进行求解。采用高阶边界元方法建立了部分反射直墙前二维任意形状物体波浪绕射和辐射问题的数值分析模型,通过与已发表的海底方箱和淹没圆柱结果的对比验证了数值模型的准确性。应用该模型研究了直墙反射系数幅值及相位、方箱与墙间距离等参数对水面方箱上波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼的影响。结果表明：直墙反射系数幅值越大,波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼的波动越大,附加质量在一些频率下出现负值;相位角的变化会改变波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼曲线的偏移,在低频区对升沉附加质量有显著影响;方箱距离直墙越远,方箱上的波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼随波数振荡的频率越快,峰值频率向低频侧移动。     

Determination of wave energy dissipation factor and numerical simulation of wave height in the surf zone

Based on the time-dependent mild slope equation including the effect of wave energy dissipation, an expression for the energy dissipation factor is derived in conjunction with the wave energy balance equation. The wave height of regular and irregular waves is numerically simulated by use of the parabolic mild slope equation considering the energy dissipation due to wave breaking. Comparison of numerical results with experimental data shows that the expression for the energy dissipation factor is reasonable. The effects of the wave breaking coefficient on the breaking point and the distribution of wave height after breaking are discussed through the study of a specific experimental topography.     

基于光滑质点流体动力学方法数值波浪水槽研究

基于光滑质点流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,简称SPH)方法建立二维数值波浪水槽,利用推波板造波生成孤立波和不规则波,模拟结果跟实验值及解析解做了对比分析,结果令人满意.SPH数值水槽中生成的波浪具有明显的非线性,波浪能量沿程有所衰减,与物理水槽结果吻合良好.     

Nonlinear wave interaction with a vertical circular cylinder: wave forces

Second-order wave forces on a large diameter vertical circular cylinder, computed according to a semi-analytic nonlinear diffraction theory, are compared to results of 22 laboratory experiments with regular waves. In general, predicted forces agree quite well with measured forces. In most tests, both measured and predicted maximum forces exceeded linear theory by 5 to 15%. In a few cases, however, the measured forces were less than those predicted by linear theory, in contrast to the second-order predictions. It is shown that these results are related to the phasing of various linear and nonlinear wave force components, and are consistent with those obtained by other investigators.     

近岸区直墙波浪力的模拟

在水槽中进行了几种不同坡度的斜坡平台上规则波作用下直墙波浪力试验，系统分析了直墙上相对最大压强和相对最大总力，给出了它们之间的比较关系。还进行了不同坡度的不规则波模型试验，并讨论了波浪力之间的特性。结果表明采用1：10、1：15的斜坡与平台相结合的试验室模拟，可得到与平底地形相近的直墙波浪力。     

Extreme wave run-up and pressure on a vertical seawall

The performance of coastal vertical seawalls in extreme weather events is studied numerically, aiming to provide guidance in designing and reassessing coastal structures with vertical wall. The extreme wave run-up and the pressure on the vertical seawall are investigated extensively. A time-domain higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM) is coupled with a mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian technique as a time marching technique. Focused wave groups are generated by a piston wave-maker in the numerical wave tank using a wave focusing technique for accurately reproducing extreme sea states. An acceleration-potential scheme is used to calculate the transient wave loads. Comparisons with experimental data show that the extended numerical model is able to accurately predict extreme wave run-ups and pressures on a vertical seawall. The effects of the wave spectrum bandwidth, the wall position and the wave nonlinearity on the wave run-up and the maximum wave load on the vertical seawall are investigated by doing parametric studies.     

一个二维数值波浪水槽的改进

对Drimer,Agnon及Segre研发的数值波浪水槽(简称DAS),首先通过修正DAS中某些积分计算的错误,建立了第一个修正模型(MDAS1),使得模型更加准确稳定。其次,将DAS模型自由表面线性元近似替换为更为合理准确的三阶元近似,建立了第二个修正模型(MDAS2),使得模型计算的波面更合理可靠。平底水槽中波群的生成及传播算例表明:与DAS结果相比,MDAS1对波面没有显著影响,而采用三阶元的MDAS2对波面有显著影响。与Hansen和Svendsen的实测资料相比较证实了两个修正模型的有效性。     

斜向波作用下防波堤衔接段块体的稳定性和沉箱结构上波浪力试验研究

在斜向波浪作用下,防波堤结构衔接段会产生波能集中、壅水和漩涡等复杂的水动力情况,对该区域块体稳定性和沉箱结构产生极不利的影响,本文开展了三维整体波浪物理试验研究,以揭示不同角度斜向波与块体稳定性和沉箱结构受力敏感性的关系.同时将得到的试验结果与规范公式计算结果进行比较分析,得出两者之间的差异性.试验结果可为工程设计中结...     

Laboratory Study on the Interaction Between Regular Obliquely Incident Waves and Vertical Walls

The characteristics of wave forces are studied based on physical model tests with regular waves. The ratio of obliquely incident wave forces to normally incident wave forces on unit length of a vertical wall is related with various factors. A linear reduction of the mean force of obliquely incident waves is confirmed with an increase in the relative caisson length. Also the characteristics of reflection coefficient of diagonal waves are discussed.     

斜向不规则波对直墙作用的实验研究

通过长峰不规则波和方向波谱对直墙作用的实验研究 ,分别给出了每延米斜向不规则波波浪力与正向力之比 ,方向波谱波浪力与斜向长峰不规则波波浪力之间的关系 ,通过与规则波实验结果的比较给出了斜向规则波与不规则波波浪力之间的相对关系 ;并对斜向不规则波的反射系数与正向波时的变化作出了分析     

Wave Forces Acting on Vertical Walls

Regular and irregular wave forces acting on vertical walls are studied by a previously developed numerical model. The computed wave forces are compared with the available experimental data to verify the numerical model, and satisfactory agreements are obtained. The variation of wave forces with incident angles and the shape of simultaneous pressure distribution are investigated, and the comparisons between numerical results and Goda＇ s predictions are also carried out. It is concluded that the maximum wave forces acting on the unit length of vertical wall is often induced by the obliquely incident waves instead of normally incident waves, while Goda＇ s formula may be inapplicable for oblique wave incidence. The shape of simultaneous pressure distribution is not significantly influenced by incident angles, and it can be favorably predicted by Goda＇ s formula. When regular wave heights are taken as the same as irregular wave height H1%, the irregular wave forces Ph. 1% are slightly larger than regular wave forces in most cases.     

聚焦波浪在浅堤上传播变形高精度数值模拟研究

基于开源程序REEF3D,通过建立高精度二维数值波浪水槽,系统研究了聚焦波浪在浅堤上传播变形的规律,着重分析了聚焦波浪通过浅堤的水动力过程及能量变化规律,讨论了不同波浪要素对聚焦波浪传播特性的影响。除此之外,还考虑了双浅堤布置对聚焦波浪传播变形的影响。研究结果表明:极端波浪通过浅堤时,堤顶水深越小,波浪主频能量衰减越显著。在给定堤顶水深条件下,聚焦点与浅堤的相对位置对聚焦波浪能量的衰减影响较小。在双浅堤布置条件下,随着浅堤间距的增加,上下游浅堤的相互影响逐渐减弱,高频段的波浪能量也随之减小。