野生二粒小麦Triticum dicoccoides抗杀锈病基因YrH52分子定位的初步研究

主要对以色列野生二粒小麦赫尔蒙种群中分离获得的一个抗条锈病基因进行了分子定位研究,将源于赫尔蒙山具抗杀锈病的种系Ｔ．ｄｉｃｏｃｃｉｄｅｓ Ｈ５２与普通的栽培种Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ进行杂交并创建了Ｆ２代遗传图。研究发现Ｈ５２种系抗条锈病的能力由一种显性基因控制,将其暂定名为ＹｒＨ５２。从１２０个微卫星标记中,已经检测到来自亲本９１％的多态性,而且从其中５６个微卫星分子标记中产生了７９个分离的位点,有９个位点显示出了与ＹｒＨ５２基因连锁,其重组率０．０２～０．３５,遗传距离２．００～４３．３７ｃｍ之间,ＬＯＤ值３．５６～５４．２２。由１０个微卫星位点和ＹｒＨ５２构建的染色体１Ｂ遗传图,其图距全长为１０１．５ｃｍ。ＹｒＨ５２基因位于Ｘｇｗｍ２６４ａ和Ｘｇｗｍ２６４ｃ之间,且与Ｘｇｗｍ２６４ａ、Ｘｇｗｍ１８紧密连锁,两则依次     

华北地块内部主要断层运动模型的GPS数据反演分析

利用华北地区 1993～ 2 0 0 0年的高精度GPS观测处理结果 ,采用稳健—贝叶斯最小二乘算法与多断裂位错模型 ,初步分析研究了华北地块内部主要断层现今运动定量模型 ,得到下列结果 :(1)其主要断裂带的走滑运动速率介于 0 .0 3至 3.2cm/a之间 ,1.0至 2 .0cm/a之间者居多 ;其倾滑运动速率介于 0 .9至 8.3cm/a之间 ,1.0至 2 .8cm/a之间者居多 ,一般大于走滑运动速率 ;其张裂运动速率介于 0 .0 4至 3.5cm/a之间 ,0 .0至 0 .8cm/a之间者居多。 (2 )总体来说 ,其主要断裂运动具有继承性 ,西部 (大致以东经 114°为界 )断层运动大于东部断层运动。 (3)其主要断层现今运动以垂直升降运动为主 ,兼有走滑、伸展特征。 (4)依据反演结果 ,讨论了断层运动与地震孕育的关系 ,若将断层运动视为局部“闭锁”地区的弹性应力应变集中或地震能量积累 ,各断层每年有相当于 5 .1～ 7.0级的地震能量积累     

凡纳滨对虾4个选育群体遗传多样性的SSR分析

采用9对微卫星引物分析了凡纳滨对虾4个选育群体(Molokai、OI、SIS和Kona Bay)的遗传多样性。结果表明:9对微卫星引物共检测到32个等位基因,每个位点等位基因数2～7个,平均3.555 6个,平均有效等位基因数2.472 7;各位点的观测杂合度(Ho)0.026 0～0.623 4,期望杂合度(He)0.263 1～0.785 5;各群体平均观测杂合度从小到大依次为SIS(0.383 3)相似文献   

蜂巢石斑鱼随机扩增多态性DNA的初步研究

采用RAPD技术分析了湛江沿海野生蜂巢石斑鱼的遗传多样性 ,从 6个系列 1 2 0个引物筛选出1 6个引物 ,对 1 0尾蜂巢石斑鱼进行RAPD分析 ,1 6个引物共检测到 1 5 4个位点 ,其中 ,多态位点比例 (P)为 6 5 5 8% ,平均个体间遗传相似系数 (S)为 0 7887,平均个体间遗传距离 (D)为 0 2 1 1 3,遗传多样性指数 (H)为 0 1 776。研究结果表明 ,湛江沿海的野生蜂巢石斑鱼的遗传多样性较高。     

Distribution of sediment chloroplastic pigments in the Southern Yellow Sea,China

The distribution of sediment chloroplastic pigments (Chl-a, i.e. chlorophyll a and Pha-a, i.e. phaeophorbide a) in the Southern Yellow Sea of China was studied. Samples were collected from four cruises in January and June 2003, and January and June 2004. The results show that the vertical distribution of Chl-a and Pha-a in the sediment layers 0-2cm, 2-5cm and 5-8cm, follows a stable ratio, 5:3:2. The average ratio of Pha-a to Chl-a in sediment is 2.83. Spearman 2-tailed rank correlation analysis shows that Chl-a and Pha-a contents in each sediment layer have a highly significant correlation. The average contents of Chl-a and Pha-a in the sediment of the 0-8cm layer in the investigated area are 0.31 -0.47μgg-1 and 1.28-1.40 μgg-1 sediment (dry weight), respectively. The average Chl-a and Pha-a contents in sediment are higher in summer than in winter. ANOVA analysis shows that there is a highly significant variation among the Chl-a contents (P = 0.002 <0.01) of the four cruies, but this is not true for the case of Pha-a content (P = 0.766>0.05). The average Chl-a and Pha-a contents in the 2 sediment layers (0-2cm and 2-5cm) have significant or highly significant correlations with organic matter (OM), median diameter (Mdφ), silt plus clay percentage in the January 2003 cruise. In the June 2003 cruise, the average Chl-a content in the 3 sediment layers (0-2cm, 2-5cm, and 5-8cm) has a significant correlation with meiofauna biomass, and Pha-a content has highly significant correlations with water depth, bottom water temperature, OM and Mdφ The contents of Chl-a and Pha-a are lower than those in estuaries and intertidal areas, but close to those in the same area studied previously.     

西施舌生长的研究

于 1998年 11月至 2 0 0 2年 12月 ,在福建长乐对西施舌 (Coelemactraantiguata)的生物学特征进行测定 ,以人工养殖方法观察其周年生长情况。观测结果表明 ,长乐沿海西施舌的群体组成以体长 6 1～ 110mm占优势 ,其频率 ( fn)为 0 .14 0～ 0 .2 2 2～ 0 .12 5。不同大小的西施舌 ,软体部肥满度指数 (CI)具有明显的季节差异。 1龄西施舌月平均体长增长 4 .0 5mm ;2龄的为 2 .31mm ;3龄的为 1.83mm ;1～ 3龄为成体生长发育阶段 ,3龄之后趋向衰老。不同发育生长阶段的壳高与壳长直线回归关系 :幼虫期H =0 .994L - 13.0 7;稚贝期H =0 .90 5L - 4.76 ;幼贝期H =0 .0 14 +0 .82 4L ;成贝期H =0 .36 7+0 .72 4L。     

罗非鱼4个选育群体遗传结构SSR分析

采用SSR分子标记分析了吉富品系罗非鱼的两个家系(GF1和GF2)以及奥利亚罗非鱼(Fo)和奥本尼罗罗非鱼(Fn)群体的遗传结构。结果显示,扩增后等位基因数为3～8个,随引物不同而异,14对引物共扩增60个等位基因,扩增片断大小在102～267 bp之间。微卫星分析表明,奥本尼罗罗非鱼(Fn)的平均观测杂合度(0.764 3)和平均期望杂合度(0.519 6)均最高,吉富尼罗罗非鱼(GF1)平均多态信息含量(0.419 5)最高;吉富尼罗罗非鱼(GF2)平均观测杂合度(0.614 2),奥利亚罗非鱼(Fo)的平均期望观测度(0.446 6)、平均多态信息含量(0.359 2)最低;因此,吉富鱼(GF1)的遗传多样性最高,奥利亚的遗传多样性最低。Hardy-Weinberg平衡遗传偏离指数(D)奥利亚(Fo)和尼罗(Fn)(0.463 4和0.478 9)明显高于吉富的两家系(0.234 1和0.250 0)。Fo与GF2间遗传距离(0.477 0)最大;而GF1和GF2间的遗传距离(0.302 7)最小,遗传相似系数(0.607 3)最大,可推断新一代吉富罗非鱼与本地选育群体有相对较远的亲缘关系,更具杂种优势。     

Transport patterns and numerical simulation of heavy metal pollutants in soils of lead–zinc ore mines

Exploring transport patterns of soil contaminants is essential for solving the problem of heavy metal contamination in mine soils. In this study, contamination of Pb, Zn, and Cd in the mountain soils of the lead–zinc ore mines in Ganxi Township, Hengdong County, Hunan Province, China was investigated, and their transport patterns were further explored using a soil-column model and numerical simulation techniques. In total, 111 mine soil samples were collected and placed into six experimental soil columns. By controlling the water flow, a control soil column group(CK), two mixed soil columns X_1 with daily water flows of 1 and 5 L, and three mixed soil columns X_3 with daily water flows of 2, 3, and 4 L were evaluated. The results showed that the residual fraction of Pb accounted for 71.93 % of the content on average, whereas the exchangeable fractions of Zn, Cd, and Fe-Mn oxide-bound fractions of Zn and Cd accounted for 28.60%, 31.07%, and 43.2% and 53.54% of the content, respectively. Pb, Zn, and Cd in the soils of the CK, X_1, and X_3 groups mainly were accumulated at a depth from approximately 0 to 20 cm, and the content at this depth accounted for 60.09% of that at a 0～40 cm depth. The soil at a depth range of 0～10 cm was most seriously contaminated, and the proportion of content was 32.39% of that at a 0～40 cm depth. Numerical simulation showed that on the 5 th day, the pollutant transport range was 0～24 cm, and on the 9 th day, the pollutant transport range exceeded 40 cm. On the 15 th day, the transport capacity of pollutants at depths of 0～40 cm was close to the stable state, but the soil at a depth of 0～10 cm was still heavily polluted. These results reflect the transport pattern of heavy metal pollutants in the soil of lead–zinc ore mines and may provide a reliable scientific support for the prevention of heavy metal contamination in mine environments.     

中国大学学报(理工、综合类)前30名影响因子排序

次序期刊名称 总被引频　次1996,1997年发文数 (篇 )1996,1997年论文在 1998年被引次数影响因子即年指标基金论文数 (篇 )1武汉测绘科技大学学报 9115 7 42 0 .2 680 .0 2 3 5 02中国矿业大学学报 12 2 197 5 2 0 .2 64 0 .0 18623北京大学学报 187 2 17 5 60 .2 5 80 .0 78864青岛海洋大学学报 164 162 40 0 .2 470 .0 5 2 785华侨大学学报 99182 42 0 .2 3 10 .0 845 56清华大学学报 2 83 5 7412 80 .2 2 3 0 .0 43 2 3 87成都理工学院学报 11814 12 80 .1990 .0 3 63 58长春科技大学学报 13 8163 3 10 .190 0 .0 3 63 18哈尔滨工业大学学…     

平邑磨坊沟金矿床矿物包裹体特征及与成矿阶段的关系

对磨坊沟金矿床流体包裹体进行了测试研究 ,结果表明主要成矿阶段的温度为 1 2 0～360℃ ,包裹体盐度在 0 .35 %～ 2 0 .6%之间 ,压力在 1 .73× 1 0 5～ 44.1 8× 1 0 5Pa之间 ,密度为0 .80～ 1 .0 9g/cm3。推测该矿床形成深度为 5 0 0～ 1 0 0 0m ,成矿流体来源于岩浆水和大气降水。     

Location of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio anguillarum</Emphasis> resistance-associated trait loci in half-smooth tongue sole <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cynoglossus semilaevis</Emphasis> at its microsatellite linkage map

A cultured female half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) was crossed with a wild male, yielding the first filial generation of pseudo-testcrossing from which 200 fish were randomly selected to locate the Vibrio anguillarum resistance trait in half-smooth tongue sole at its microsatellite linkage map. In total, 129 microsatellites were arrayed into 18 linkage groups, ≥4 each. The map reconstructed was 852.85 cM in length with an average spacing of 7.68 cM, covering 72.07% of that expected (1 183.35 cM). The V. anguillarum resistance trait was a composite rather than a unit trait, which was tentatively partitioned into Survival time in Hours After V. anguillarum Infection (SHAVI) and Immunity of V. Anguillarum Infection (IVAI). Above a logarithm of the odds (LOD) threshold of 2.5, 18 loci relative to SHAVI and 3 relative to IVAI were identified. The 3 loci relative to IVAI explained 18.78%, 5.87% and 6.50% of the total phenotypic variation in immunity. The microsatellites bounding the 3 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of IVAI may in future aid to the selection of V. anguillarum-immune half-smooth tongue sole varieties, and facilitate cloning the gene(s) controlling such immunity.     

四川省小麦条锈病春季流行的农业气候风险区划

针对当前从气象风险角度开展小麦条锈病与气象关系研究甚少的状况,从农业气象灾害风险分析理论出发,采用相关分析、层次分析和极差正规化等方法,建立了包含气候条件和寄主存在数量两个环境因子的四川省小麦条锈病春季流行农业气候风险模型,并划分了高、中、低风险等级的指标.在此基础上,利用GIS技术对四川省小麦条锈病春季流行的农业气候风险进行了区划.结果表明,四川省的川西高原地区、川西南山地和盆地西南部是小麦条锈病春季流行低风险区,盆地大部地区是中、高风险的集中区.区划结果为进一步做好四川省小麦条锈病的分区预报和综合防治方面提供科学依据.     

A microsatellite genetic linkage map of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli)

Ovoviviparous black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) is an important marine fish species for aquaculture and fisheries in China. Genetic information of this species is scarce because of the lack of microsatellite markers. In this study, a large number of microsatellite markers of black rockfish were isolated by constructing microsatellite-enriched libraries. Female- and male-specific genetic linkage maps were constructed using 435 microsatellite markers genotyped in a full-sib family of the fish species. The female linkage map contained 140 microsatellite markers, in which 23 linkage groups had a total genetic length of 1334.1 cM and average inter-marker space of 13.3 cM. The male linkage map contained 156 microsatellite markers, in which 25 linkage groups had a total genetic length of 1359.6 cM and average inter-marker distance of 12.4 cM. The genome coverage of the female and male linkage maps was 68.6% and 69.3%, respectively. The female-to-male ratio of the recombination rate was approximately 1.07:1 in adjacent microsatellite markers. This paper presents the first genetic linkage map of microsatellites in black rockfish. The collection of polymorphic markers and sex-specific linkage maps of black rockfish could be useful for further investigations on parental assignment, population genetics, quantitative trait loci mapping, and marker-assisted selection in related breeding programs.     

Preliminary Study on Applicability of Microsatellite DNA Primers from Parasite Protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi in Free-living Protozoa

1　Introduction　Generallyknownasacodominantgeneticmarker ,microsatellitehasbeenwidelyusedinstudiesonpopu lationgenetics,high resolutiongenotyping ,genemap ping ,evolution ,linkageanalysis ,conservationbiology ,behaviouralecology ,relationsbetweenparasite…     

Development and Validation of 89 Novel Expressed Sequence Tag-Derived Microsatellite Markers in Blood Clam,Tegillarca granosa

Blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, is an important shellfish in Chinese mariculture industry. Investigative research in this species, such as genetic linkage mapping, requires a large panel of molecular markers. In present study, a total of 89 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed in T. granosa using the sequence database of Life Sciences Technology 454 next generation sequencing technology. All 89 loci were characterized in 20 individual clams from a natural population inhabiting Yueqing Gulf, Zhejiang Province, China. The number of alleles per polymorphic locus varied between 2 and 15, while the observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content varied between 0.000 and 1.000, 0.102 and 0.921, and 0.048 and 0.886, respectively. Of the 89 loci identified, 32 loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium following Bonferroni correction. Thirty nine markers, which were shown to be polymorphic in a full-sibling family, were tested in Mendelian segregations. As expected, 32 loci were co-dominantly segregated in a Mendelian fashion. These novel developed microsatellite markers represent useful research tools for investigation of population genetic structure and genetic diversity in this species.     

A Preliminary Genetic Linkage Map of Sinonovacula constricta(Lamarck, 1818) Based on Microsatellites Derived from RAD Sequencing

Sinonovacula constricta is one of the important economic aquaculture species in China. In this study, we constructed genetic linkage maps of S. constricta based on 300 microsatellite markers derived from RAD-seq using an F1 full-sib family. The female map contained 204 microsatellites assigned to 22 linkage groups, which covered 1529.5 cM with an average interval of 10.3 cM. The male consisted of 187 microsatellites in 19 linkage groups corresponding to the haploid chromosome number(n(28)19), which spanned 1429.3 cM with an average interval of 8.7 cM. The genome coverage was approximately 83.5% and 81.4%, respectively. An integrated map was constructed according to the common markers in parental linkage groups, which had a total length of 1683.8 cM with an average interval of 7.3 cM. The genome coverage of the integrated map was approximately 86.3%. The genetic linkage map would form the foundation for further studies on the quantitative trait loci(QTL), as well as accelerating the breeding process of this species.     

Inheritance of 15 microsatellites in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas： segregation and null allele identification for linkage analysis

Microsatellites were screened in a backcross family of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Fifteen microsatellite loci were distinguishable and polymorphic with 6 types of allele-combinations. Null alleles were detected in 46.7% of loci, accounting for 11.7% of the total alleles. Four loci did not segregate in Mendelian Ratios. Three linkage groups were identified among 7 of the 15 segregating loci. Fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis (ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer) that used to detect the microsatellite loci, has been proved a fast, precise, and reliable method in microsatellite genotyping.     

Genetic mapping and QTL analysis for body weight in Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) compared with mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

We report the genetic linkage map of Jian carp(C yprinus carpio var. Jian). An F1 population comprising 94 Jian carp individuals was mapped using 254 microsatellite markers. The genetic map spanned 1 381.592 c M and comprised 44 linkage groups,with an average marker distance of 6.58 c M. We identified eight quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for body weight(BW) in seven linkage groups,explaining 12.6% to 17.3% of the phenotypic variance. Comparative mapping was performed between Jian carp and mirror carp( Cyprinus carpio L.),which both have 50 chromosomes. One hundred and ninety-eight Jian carp marker loci were found in common with the mirror carp map,with 186(93.94%) showing synteny. All 44 Jian carp linkage groups could be one-to-one aligned to the 44 mirror carp linkage groups,mostly sharing two or more common loci. Three QTLs for BW in Jian carp were conserved in mirror carp. QTL comparison suggested that the QTL confidence interval in mirror carp was more precise than the homologous interval in Jian carp,which was contained within the QTL interval in Jian carp. The syntenic relationship and consensus QTLs between the two varieties provide a foundation for genomic research and genetic breeding in common carp.     

Development and validation of 89 novel expressed sequence tag-derived microsatellite markers in blood clam, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tegillarca granosa</Emphasis>

Blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, is an important shellfish in Chinese mariculture industry. Investigative research in this species, such as genetic linkage mapping, requires a large panel of molecular markers. In present study, a total of 89 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed in T. granosa using the sequence database of Life Sciences Technology 454 next generation sequencing technology. All 89 loci were characterized in 20 individual clams from a natural population inhabiting Yueqing Gulf, Zhejiang Province, China. The number of alleles per polymorphic locus varied between 2 and 15, while the observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content varied between 0.000 and 1.000, 0.102 and 0.921, and 0.048 and 0.886, respectively. Of the 89 loci identified, 32 loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium following Bonferroni correction. Thirty nine markers, which were shown to be polymorphic in a full-sibling family, were tested in Mendelian segregations. As expected, 32 loci were co-dominantly segregated in a Mendelian fashion. These novel developed microsatellite markers represent useful research tools for investigation of population genetic structure and genetic diversity in this species.     

Inheritance mode of microsatellite loci and their use for kinship analysis in the Pacific oyster （Crassostrea gigas）

Five full-sib families of the Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas) larvae were used to study the mode of inheritance at eight microsatellite loci,and the feasibility of these markers for kinship estimate was also examined.All eight microsatellite loci were compatible with Mendelian inheritance.Neither evidence of sex-linked barriers to transmission nor evidence of major barriers to fertilization between gametes from the parents was shown.Three of the eight loci showed the presence of null alleles in four families,demonstrating the need to conduct comprehensive species-specific inheritance studies for microsatellite loci used in population genetic studies.Although the null allele heterozygotes were considered as homozygotes in the calculation of genetic distance,offspring from five full-sib families were unambiguously discriminated in the neighbor-joining dendrogram.This result indicates that the microsatellite markers may be capable of discriminating between related and unrelated oyster larvae in the absence of pedigree information,and is applicable to the investigation of the effective number of parents contributing to the hatchery population of the Pacific oyster.