一种适用于窄波束雷达捕获空间目标的等仰角搜索方法

点位预报作为引导雷达寻找、捕获、跟踪目标的基础, 受定轨误差及预报误差的影响, 其精度对窄波束雷达存在不足的风险. 由于沿迹误差是影响点位预报精度的主要因素, 基于沿迹误差补偿的思路, 提出了一种适用于窄波束雷达的过境目标等仰角搜索方法, 在预估的沿迹误差范围内对目标一次过境时在指定仰角上可能出现的所有位置做遍历观测, 从而提高雷达捕获空间目标的成功率. 仿真算例表明, 当点位预报失效时, 等仰角搜索方法仍然能观测到目标.     

A Method for Detecting Space Debris based on Apriori Information

A method for detecting space debris images in the light of apriori information is proposed. As far as this method is concerned, a range gate in the neighborhood of the debris star image in the whole image is set through apriori information, and the local background threshold value within the range gate is calculated, in order to identify the object in the help of some criteria. Then, the moment method is utilized to calculate the deviation of the debris barycenter with respect to the gate center, and the position of the debris barycenter on the whole image is calculated through a linear translation. Experiments show that the method has a low complexity, good real-time performance, and the convenience of realization, it can be used to detect space debris effciently and accurately and to determine the position of the debris barycenter more precisely.     

基于图像叠加的GEO目标探测方法

为了满足地球同步轨道(Geosynchronous Orbit,GEO)空间目标的探测要求,克服长时间曝光CCD像元出现饱和溢出的情况,提出使用多帧连续曝光图像叠加的方法,增加图像的存储范围,同时提升目标的信噪比,保证系统的探测能力.实验结果表明,利用10帧连续图像叠加的方法,可以有效消除像元饱和的情况,提升目标信噪比约3.2倍,提升探测能力近似2.5星等,且序列图像的底片常数精度可靠,用底片常数的均值计算目标位置,精度符合要求.结果验证了使用图像叠加方法探测GEO目标的可行性.     

IRSI - The Infra Red Space Interferometer: A Cornerstone Candidate for the European Space Agency's Horizonts 2000+ Programme The Search for Terrestial Exoplanets

Earth, Moon, and Planets -     

Machine Learning to Search for Accreting Neutron Star Binary Candidates Using Chinese Space Station Telescope Photometric System

Accreting neutron star binary(ANSB) systems can provide some important information about neutron stars(NSs),especially on the structure and the equation of state of NSs. However, only a few ANSBs are known so far. The upcoming Chinese Space Station Telescope(CSST) provides an opportunity to search for a large number of ANSB candidates. We aim to investigate whether or not a machine learning method may efficiently search for ANSBs based on CSST photometric system. In this paper, we generate some ...     

卫星与空间碎片碰撞预警的快速算法

提出了一种空间目标与空间碎片碰撞预警的快速计算方法，该算法不仅计算速度快，而且减缓了沿迹误差的影响，延长了预警的有效期，利用该方法，检测一个卫星与5800个空间碎片在一天内是否碰撞，计算时间小于3秒；用2天前的资料，预报计算法国CERISE卫星和空间碎片的碰撞时间误差约为0．02秒，空间位置误差约为500—600米．     

The Search for Extrasolar Planets During Russian Space Missions Struve and the Solar Stereoscope

The possibility of search for extrasolar planets from the observations during Russian space astrometry mission Struve and from the Solar Stereoscope Observatory (SSO) is discussed here.     

Probabilistic Data Association Method for Space Object Tracking

In the optical observation of space objects, multiple measurements often occur in the tracking gate, which brings about the uncertainty of tracking measurement and the reduction of tracking accuracy, causes the instability along the tracking path, and eventually leads to the interruption of tracking and the loss of the target. A new approach, combining the Kalman filter and probabilistic data association, is proposed in this paper for the adaptive tracking of space objects. In this method, the gate of association is predicted by the Kalman filter, while the equivalent measurement obtained from the probabilistic data association is adopted as an effective feed. The experiments show that this technique can effectively improve the tracking accuracy as well as the robustness for the automatic tracking of space objects.     

A Method for Determining the Coordinates of Meteor Shower Radiants from Meteor Radar Goniometric Data

We discuss a new method for measuring the coordinates of meteor shower radiants from meteor radar data. The method uses a high accuracy of radar goniometer measurements of one of the angular coordinates for meteor radiants and collective properties of incident meteor showers. It is based on a computer technology of searching for the coordinates of radiants using the intersections of meteor position lines on the celestial sphere and filtering nonrandom combinations of these intersections. The method allows the following: to detect meteor showers with a rate of more than 5 per day of observations and to separate meteor groups from different meteor showers with different radiants and velocities. The method makes it possible to increase the angular resolution from 10° × 10° achieved with a quasi-tomographic technique to 2° × 2°, with a prospect of a further increase in the accuracy through the individual reduction of separated meteor groups. We use the reduction of one-day-long observations during maximum activity of the Geminids meteor shower in 1993 to illustrate the potentialities of the method. We show an example of detecting a weak meteor shower that was active during December 1993.     

Improvement of Methods for Evaluating the Resolving Power of a Space Synthetic Aperture Radar

An improved way for determining the resolving power of a space synthetic aperture radar is proposed. The model allows one to relate the geometric and radiometric quality to characteristics of the observed object and background. Some features of the radar image during visual examination are explained. Datapath errors are taken into account.     

基于先验信息的空间碎片探测方法

提出了一种基于先验信息的空间碎片图像探测方法.该方法通过先验信息,在图像中碎片星像的邻域设置波门,计算波门内的局部背景阈值,辅以相关的判据识别目标.随后使用矩方法计算碎片质心相对波门中心的偏离值,通过线性平移计算碎片质心在整幅图像中的位置.实验表明:该方法复杂度低、便于实现、实时性好,可以高效、准确地探测空间碎片,比较精确地确定碎片的质心位置.     

A Search for CMEs Associated with Big Flares

Solar Physics - The relationship between flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) remains a topic of active research. This paper considers a complete set of 311 M- and X-class GOES soft X-ray...     

A Search for Helioseismic Signature of Emerging Active Regions

Using SOHO/MDI and GONG observations we present time–distance deep-focusing measurements to examine the deeper layers of the solar convective zone. The constructed travel-time maps show 10?–?15 second perturbations at depths of 40?–?75 Mm around active region locations before their emergence to the solar surface. The majority of the active regions used in this study were the same as those used in the recent work published by Ilonidis, Zhao, and Kosovichev (Science 333, 993, 2011). In order to confirm the capability of time–distance measurements to detect emerging active regions, we used a technique similar to their time–distance scheme. Our measurements only in some cases show a similar travel-time anomaly. Additionally, we have shown that the technique utilized in our study can provide more spatial details of the emerging flux configurations.     

A Search for Variability in the HCCN to H2CO Ratio in Comet Hale-Bopp

We observed submillimeter lines of H₂CO and HCN in comet Hale-Bopp near perihelion. One of our goals was to search for short term variability. Our observations are suggestive, but not conclusive, of temporal and/or spatial changes in the coma's HCN/H₂CO abundance ratio of ∼25%. If due to spatial variability, the ratio on the sunward side of the coma is enhanced over other regions. If due to temporal variability, we find the bulk ratio in the coma changed in less than 16 hours. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A Search for Variability in the HCCN to H2CO Ratio in Comet Hale-Bopp

We observed submillimeter lines of H₂CO and HCN in comet Hale-Bopp near perihelion. One of our goals was to search for short term variability. Our observations are suggestive, but not conclusive, of temporal and/or spatial changes in the coma's HCN/H₂CO abundance ratio of ～25%. If due to spatial variability, the ratio on the sunward side of the coma is enhanced over other regions. If due to temporal variability, we find the bulk ratio in the coma changed in less than 16 hours.     

一种基于元学习的大口径射电望远镜俯仰轴承故障辨识方法研究

在经过长期运行后大口径射电望远镜俯仰轴会出现微小扭曲, 滚动轴承作为承载俯仰轴的核心部件, 也会因长期承受交变载荷增加疲劳风险, 导致轴承寿命以及望远镜指向精度的下降, 极大影响望远镜的性能. 以俯仰轴承为研究对象, 开展故障辨识方法研究, 可为望远镜天线的高性能运行提供重要支撑. 为实现在有限数据和复杂工作条件下准确地辨识俯仰轴承故障, 提出了一种小样本条件下基于元学习的故障辨识方法(Few-shot Meta-learning Fault Identification, FMFI). 首先将不同工况下的原始信号转换为时频图像数据, 之后按照元学习协议将数据样本随机采样到不同的学习任务中. 在有限样本的条件下, FMFI可以通过训练任务中的样本信息获取通用的先验知识, 在未知的测试任务下实现准确快速的故障辨识. 选取了与望远镜俯仰轴承工况具有相似性的变负载轴承数据集进行实验, 实验结果表明, FMFI方法具有很高的准确性和可靠性, 为大口径射电望远镜俯仰轴承的主动运维和高质量服役提供了有力的技术支持.