辽东寒武纪笔石研究

近年作者(1988—1990)在辽阳兰家寒武纪崮山组发现了笔石生物群,新建Dendrograptusliaoyiangensis sp.nov..D.liaoyiangensis latus subsp.nov.,Callograptus lanjiaensis sp.nov.。其特征为笔石个体小,枝短粗,具附着盘,胞管简单,固着底栖,分布局限,具有地方色彩,是目前已发现的最古老的笔石生物群。根据前人研究结果(穆恩之、林尧坤)和作者的研究认为,寒武系风山组Dictyonema wu-tingshanense是原始漂浮笔石,在太子河流域出现层位最低;凤山组燕州段笔石属底栖和漂浮的混合生态笔石群。同时作者在辽东半岛南部寒武系凤山组湾湾沟段和下楸树沟段发现笔石生物群,新建Dictyonema jin-zhouense sp.nov.Callograptus viminalis sp.nov.C.lashushanensis sp.nov.。作者的研究表明,太子河流域寒武系崮山组的笔石是最古老的笔石,因而太子河流域很可能是太平洋型和大西洋型笔石动物群的发源地。     

甘肃天祝红土洼组杂羊齿属一新种

本文报道的Palaeoweichselia tianjuensis sp.nov.产于甘肃天祝红土洼组。它是继P.yuani sze之后,在我国所报道的又一个纳缪尔期杂羊齿属化石,Palaeoweichselia 属可能是我国西北地区特有的一个晚石炭世早期标准化石属。     

广西鲤鱼类一新属三新种

记述采自广西河池地区的鲤科鱼类一新属三新种。新属近金线鳃属Anchicyclocheilusgen.nov.的侧线鳞与体鳞一致可区别于侧线鳞大于体鳞的金线鳃属Sinocycloheilus。模式种半盲近金线鳃Anchicyclocheilus halfibindus,sp.nov.的背鳍分枝鳍条有9条表明其原始性;新属另一新种高肩近金线鲃Anchicyclolocheilus altishoulderus,sp.nov.以背鳍分枝鳍条7根和有明显额突等特征区别于半盲近金线鲃。第三个新种宜山金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus yishanensis,sp.nov.的背鳍不分枝鳍条纤细、柔软、光滑无锯齿;口亚上位;鳞大、鳞比2.1;侧线鳞52-54等区别于软鳍金线鲃S.malacopterus Chu et Cui。     

辽宁早侏罗世化石木材

辽宁地区木化石丰富,现已发现早侏罗世松柏类硅化木材 5属 8种,其中包括 2个新种, 2个修订种, 3个已知种及 1个未定种,即： Protophyllocladoxylon chaoyangense Zhang et Zheng sp. nov.,P. franconicum Vogellehner, Protosciadopityoxylon liaoxiense Zhang et Zheng sp. nov., P. jeholense (Ogura) Zhang et Zheng comb. nov., Sciadopityoxylon heizyoense(Shimakura) Zhang et Zheng comb. nov., Protocedroxylon dibneri (Shilkina) Shilkina et Chudajb., Xenoxylon latiporosum Gothan, X.? sp.。本文对新种作了描述,对前人鉴定有误的属种进行了修订,并概述了 5个产地木材化石组合特征及其古气候环境。     

西藏改则地区昂拉仁错中—下二叠统昂杰组—下拉组地层古生物

详细描述了西藏自治区改则县拉清乡汤模长二叠系剖面,自下而上划分为拉嘎组、昂杰组和下拉组。讨论了二叠系昂杰组和下拉组的岩性组合特征和沉积环境,其中昂杰组横向延伸不稳定向西相变尖灭。依据化石分布及组合特征,建立了Neoschwagerina-Chusenella conicocylindrica蜓组合带、Pachyphloia ovata-Eotuberitina reitlingerae非蜓有孔虫组合带、Lytvolasma asymetricum-Bradyphyllum caninoidia珊瑚组合带和Akagophyllum coqenense-Amplexocarinia muralis珊瑚组合带。昂杰组为早二叠世,下拉组下部为中二叠世栖霞期,而下拉组上部为中二叠世茅口期,并以暖水型气候环境为主。在昂杰组—下拉组中发现了珊瑚的2个新种和1个新亚种,并进行了描述。新种名称分别为Lophotabularia longiseptata sp.nov.和Iranophyllum longiseptatum sp.nov.,新亚种名称为Cyathocarinia tuberculata multiseptata sub sp.nov.。     

四川龙门山泥盆纪四射珊瑚

本文记述了产于四川龙门山地区中、上泥盆统界线附近观雾山组和土桥子组的四射珊瑚。在大量珊瑚标本鉴定的基础上,建立了中泥盆世晚期至晚泥盆世初期的四个四射珊瑚化石组合。根据四射珊瑚的演化规律,确定以Peneckiella珊瑚类的兴起和Pseudozaphrentis hejiazhaiensis,Temnophyllun(Truncicarinulum)beichua-nensis珊瑚类的消失作为龙门山地区识别中、上泥盆统界线的标志。     

桂西南晚泥盆世—早石炭世含锰地层的牙形刺

本文首次报道了下雷一带泥盆世至早石炭世含锰地层的牙形刺21个属,45个种和2个未定新种,这些牙形刺可以分为七个化石带。通过对牙形刺化石的研究进一步明确了该区锰矿主要形成于两个时期:即具有重要工作价值的主要锰矿层形成于晚泥盆世晚期,另一个层位形成于晚泥盆世早期,本文还对该区沉积相与牙形刺生物相之间的关系进行了初步探讨。     

甘肃省文县石坊群孢子化石的发现及地质意义

在测制甘肃文县地区石坊群地层剖面中发现了孢子化石,共计14个属,56个种,将其与贵州独山、都匀地区的早、中泥盆世孢子化石组合对比,发现组合特征基本一致。因而确定了石坊群地层时代属早、中泥盆世,为石坊群地层划分、时代确定及地质构造发展史研究提供了可靠的依据。     

拟刺葵（苦戈维尔叶）亚属Phoenicopsis（Culgoweria）在内蒙古鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗统的发现

大量茨康类压型化石在鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗世含煤地层延安组中被发现。本文根据叶外部形态和表皮构造特征,首次发现拟刺葵属的苦戈维尔叶亚属Phoenicopsis （ Culgoweria）,并建立了鄂尔多斯拟刺葵（苦戈维尔叶）（新种） Phoenicopsis （ Culgowaria） ordosensis sp.nov。新种代表了该亚属在我国中侏罗世的第一个化石记录,为研究其地质、地理分布提供了新的证据,也为研究该类植物在欧亚大陆中侏罗世的多样性增添了新内容。     

辽南震旦系兴民村组发现后生动物化石

1986年我们首次在辽南发现类水母化石和藻类化石,并在大林子组浸泡出小壳动物化石。这一发现对辽南地区寒武系/震旦系界线的确定提供了古生物学依据,同时丰富了该区古生物学内容。类水母化石在兴民村组中段页岩层极其发育,初步鉴定主要种属有:多环辽南水母(新属、新种)Liaonanella Multicyclica Liu et Yang(gen.et sP.nov.),平盘辽南水母(新属、新种)L.Planodisciformis Liu et Yang(gen.etsP.now.),环带金县水母(新属、新种)Jinxianella Zonata Liu et Yang(gen.et sP.nov.),甘井子金县水母J.ganjingziensis Liu et Yang(gen.etsP.nov.),棋盘磨大连水母(新属、新种)Dalianiaqipanmoensis Liu et Yang(gen.et sp.nov.)。宏观藻类化石主要产在葛屯组的页岩层中,化石是:chuaria circularis Walcott,Tawuiadalensis Hofmann。关于这次发现的蠕虫化石、可疑小壳动物化石等正在研究中。     

论大巴山地区的临湘组

我国上扬子地区奥陶系宝塔组与五峰组之间的介壳相地层历来存在两个岩性组:一个是临湘组,岩性为绿灰色瘤状灰岩,另一个是涧草沟组,岩性为灰黄色砂质页岩.二者均曾建立Nankinolithus带。1975年以后,涧草沟组一名被广泛引用于大巴山地区,意指宝塔组顶部瘤状泥灰岩以上的黄绿或桔黄色页岩,厚仅数十厘米.本文以五个实测地层剖面为例,从岩性特征和化石内容论证大巴山地区原宝塔组顶部的瘤状泥灰岩实与其上的原涧草沟组页岩为一套独立的岩性地层单元,符合临湘组的概念,故改大巴山地区的涧草沟组为临湘组。并据化石与国内外相当地层进行对比.     

铁岭大甸子盆地南康庄组和英树沟组涵义及其时代的重新厘定

本文以现代区域地层学理论为指导，对大甸子中生代盆地以往地层划分进行了清理。松树沟组应子废弃，恢复使用并重新厘定向康庄组涵义，重新明确其层序位置，重新修订英树沟组涵义。南康庄组和英树沟组的时代，宜置于中侏罗世。     

Discussion on origin of clay minerals in outcropped sandstone from Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in Jixi Basin

Clay minerals in the outcropped sandstone from Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in Jixi Basin were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results show that the clay minerals mainly consist of illite, kaollinite and illite/smectite, which can be divided into two types: kaolinite- and illite/smectite types. The outcropped sandstone occurred in middle diagenetic stage-A on the basis of the clay mineral composition. The development factor of the formation of kaolinite type clay mineral is caused mainly by the organic acid from the coal-bearing formation and mudstone during the diagenesis process in Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in the Jixi Basin. The weak hydrodynamic force of sedimentary facies made the sandstone leaching condition poor, which is the reason forming the aggregation of clay minerals of the illite/smectite-and illite types.     

Discussion on origin of clay minerals in outcropped sandstone from Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in Jixi Basin

Clay minerals in the outcropped sandstone from Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in Jixi Basin were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results show that the clay minerals mainly consist of illite, kaollinite and illite/smectite, which can be divided into two types： kaolinite- and illite/smectite types. The outcropped sandstone occurred in middle diagenetic stage-A on the basis of the clay mineral composition. The development factor of the formation of kaolinite type clay mineral is caused mainly by the organic acid from the coal-bearing formation and nmdstone during the diagenesis process in Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in the Jixi Basin. The weak hydrodynamic force of sedimentary facies made the sandstone leaching condition poor, which is the reason forming the aggregation of clay minerals of the illite/ smectite-and illite types.     

从辽宁东、西部地质对比论郯庐断裂的平移运动

辽宁东、西部地质上诸多差异并非是原地升降运动造成的，而是二个异地岩块经郯庐断裂大规模左旋平移运动迁移到一起的结果。辽东半岛原曾与鲁西－徐淮地区处于相同的古纬度。郯庐断裂北延的主干断裂应是抚顺－敦化断裂，它在辽宁境内是地层区划的重要界线。郯庐断裂在太古宙末期即已出现，曾多次变换其平移方向，最近一次大规模左行平移活动的高峰期是在晚侏罗世晚期－早白垩世，结束于孙家湾组或泉头组堆积之前。     

论清源北部太古代地质几个基本问题

以岩石学与构造研究相结合为基础，宏观与微观观察为主，地球化学为辅的综合研究方法论证了本区太古代地质体由三套变质建造组成。其中花岗质岩石占７１％，原地深熔紫苏花岗岩为１１．８％，浅色麻粒岩是１．２％，浅粒岩、含砾麻粒岩质浅粒岩（底砾岩）３６．７％和原地深熔花岗岩２０％。高角闪岩相以浅位岩为主原地深熔花岗岩的原岩建造为类磨拉石建造系列，低角闪岩似绿岩建造的原岩建造为镁铁质泥灰岩粉砂岩型复理石建造。其地质体是由６１．２％的层状变质岩系和３１．８％的原地深熔花岗岩组成。根据各建造的地层缺生，底砾岩及低、高角闪岩相矿物共生组合区域性叠加和变辉绿岩群的分布规律，确定三套变质建造为不整合接触，据此提出新的划分方案并与华北地台北部太古界分布区作了对比，事实证明岩石地层学的方法，在太古代地质与成矿研究中仍是有效的。     

Late Ordovician and Early Devonian conodonts from Onoo Tolgoi area of Mongolia

Conodont samples were collected from three localities in the Onoo Tolgoi area,Mongolia, and many conodonts have been found. Conodonts from the Onoo Tolgoi Formation (M288-M294) lack index fossils; its age could be Late Silurian. Samples from the Hutul us hudag Formation (M295-M299) contain Ozarkodina pandora alpha Morph. (P element), clearly indicating that this formation is Early Devonian late Lochkovian in age. Samples collected from so-called Silurian Onoo Tolgoi Formation at other localities(M300-M303) yield many Ordovician conodonts, including Icriodella baotaensis, Icriodella cf.baotaensis, Eoplacognathus jianyeensis, Eoplacognathus protoramosus; Baltoniodus alobatus; and ?Ambalodus triangularis; the age is Late Ordovician,more precisely, early-middle Late Ordovician.     

Late Ordovician and Early Devonian conodonts from Onoo Tolgoi area of Mongolia

Conodont samples were collected from three localities in the Onoo Tolgoi area, Mongolia, and many conodonts have been found. Conodonts from the Onoo Tolgoi Formation （M288-M294） lack index fossils; its age could be Late Silurian. Samples from the Hutul us hudag Formation （M295-M299） contain Ozarkodina pandora alpha Morph. （ P element）, clearly indicating that this formation is Early Devonian late Lochkovian in age. Samples collected from so-called Silurian Onoo Tolgoi Formation at other localities （M300-M303） yield many Ordovician conodonts, including Icriodella baotaensis, Icriodella cf. baotaensis, Eoplacognathus fianyeen- sis, Eoplacognathus protoramosus ; Baltoniodus alobatus ; and ？ Ambalodus triangularis ; the age is Late Ordovician, more precisely, early-middle Late Ordovician.