海雾历史检索数据库的设计和实现

针对我国海雾预报业务及科研需求,收集整理了中国近海最近10年海雾个例数据,开发了海雾个例数据库系统,实现了国家、省、市级预报员和科研人员对海雾个例相关数据的实时调阅和打包下载。系统提供不同检索条件的多功能查询和海雾个例的实时查阅以及历史数据、卫星监测产品等资料的下载功能。为预报员更有效地开展实时预报提供了便捷参考,也为科研人员从事海雾研究提供了详细和全面的观测数据和分析产品支撑。     

广东灾害天气历史个例库系统的设计与实现

介绍基于地理信息系统(GIS),用VC++开发的灾害天气历史个例库系统的开发与应用。系统实现了:1)灾害天气个例相关气象资料的收集整理、分类入库、查询检索。2)在具有GIS功能的平台上快速方便地浏览MICAPS数据、图片格式数据、数据库资料以及NetCDF、GRIB格式数据和转换的二进制数据。3)各级台站可以根据自身业务需求,定制个性化的灾害性天气历史个例库。     

陕西省短时临近智能预报服务系统简介

陕西短时临近智能预报服务系统(简称NIFS短临系统)是一套集实况监测、智能报警、预警发布、人机交互和上下联动为一体的多功能预警业务系统。主要面向省、市、县三级气象部门的一线业务人员,通过与陕西省气象智能网格预报一体化平台、SWAN系统、国家突发事件预警信息发布系统等集约衔接,实现对省、市、县突发气象灾害临近预警服务的及时有效支撑。NIFS短临系统首创性研发了陕西0～2 h分钟降水预报、对流天气分类识别、暴雨客观预警等产品,通过报警信息自动推送、预报指导客观定量、上下在线互动留痕等方式,帮助各级气象台加快改进现有短时临近预报业务流程体系,并为决策部门改进和完善陕西现行短临预报业务制度提供一定帮助。本文介绍NIFS短临系统主要功能及部分关键技术,包括天气实况监测、智能报警、强对流天气预报制作、人机交互订正、预报检验评估、智能管理等系统功能与暴雨预警信号智能报警关键技术,为其他省份气象部门研究开发本地短临业务系统提供参考。     

基于数据库的区域自动站资料Micaps显示技术

在区域自动气象站中心数据库基础上,根据Micaps系统数据管理的方式,结合实际业务需求,用VB语言将区域自动站资料转化为Micaps数据格式文件,从而实现了包括要素填图、等值线绘制功能的区域自动站资料在Micaps系统中显示。系统设计了自动和手动2种运行方式,方便进行实时资料与历史资料调阅分析。通过这项技术能将区域自动站采集到的加密气象观测数据应用到天气预报业务中,为分析和预报中小尺度天气系统提供良好的平台。     

灾害性天气个例库智能分析系统的设计与实现

灾害性天气个例库智能分析系统是由基础数据支持子系统(数据层)、气象数据应用中间件子系统(服务层)和个例库综合分析业务子系统(应用层)3部分组成,综合运用HTML5 Canvas技术、数据库技术、GIS技术、高效可视化渲染技术等实现了气象灾害性天气个例的交互式录入、关键词查询与检索以及相关气象资料智能再分析等功能。文章针对系统的组成架构、个例库设计、功能特点等关键技术进行了重点探讨,并详细介绍个例库录入与查询、WebGIS组件、可视化渲染以及气象资料再分析等功能的设计和实现。系统投入业务运行结果表明,页面响应速度快、兼容浏览器性能佳、人机交互体验好,能够满足高效、智能、灵活的业务需求,在为预报员建立正确的预报思路、提升天气过程分析能力等方面发挥了重要作用。     

西北地区东部重要天气预报业务系统

利用实时资料和数值预报产品,建立以多种数据库为支撑的西北地区东部重要天气预报业务系统。该系统在本地灾害性、关键性和转折性天气的中短期预报方面具有较好的业务实用效果。     

如何做好区县天气预报

从了解责任区域内影响气候的主要因素,熟悉责任区域内天气气候特点,掌握责任区域内预报服务的重点和内容,做好数值预报产品对本地降水、气温预报能力的检验分析和应用,加强历史天气个例的分析总结等方面介绍了区县天气预报一线服务人员制作责任区域内天气预报的一些经验和方法,形成适合本地预报员的工作流程,这些经验和方法为区县预报员制作本地天气预报提供了参考,从而进一步适应区县气象综合业务服务发展需求。     

辽宁内蒙古AMDAR资料统计及个例预报应用

利用2005年1~6月AMDAR资料,根据天气预报业务需求,对辽宁、内蒙古地区具有业务应用意义的逐日数据进行遴选和统计,揭示了资料的时空分布规律,并对2005年5~9月实时接收的AMDAR资料进行了个例预报业务试验,结果表明AMDAR资料在天气预报业务中,尤其是在临近预报中具有参考价值。     

安顺市暴雨个例数据库应用系统的设计与实现

基于省—地—县气象光纤通信网,采用B/S软件体系结构,建立安顺市暴雨个例数据库应用系统,实现安顺市暴雨天气个例档案、各种物理量及历史灾情的显示与查询、统计与输出等功能。系统基于Web方式,所有程序运行在服务器端,用户端不用安装任何程序,各部分功能设计均结合实际需求。自投入业务运行以来,在本地预报业务、气象服务、科研与管理等方面发挥了重要作用,已成为一个实用性较强的业务服务支撑系统,有效提高了灾害性天气保障能力。     

江西省天气预报业务技术体制改革的思路和进展

引言 七五期间,江西省初步建成了STYS系统,完成了以中速通信、实时资料库、图形图像库和局地网络等为基础的省级气象实时业务服务系统,开发了长、中、短期天气预报自动化或半自动化业务系统。以气象卫星资料、天气雷达监测资料和灾害性天气联防为基础的短时天气预报业务得到加强,提高了灾害性天气的监测预报和服务能力。初步改变了单一依靠天气图作预报的状况,我省的天气预报正向以计算机处理为主要手段,以数值预报产品应用为基础,各种信息和方     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

<正>The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth’s climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.