共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The India Remote Sensing data on 1:50,000 scale revealed the occurrence of permanent waterlogging in low-lying flats and depressions
of the Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojona (IGNP) command area. Such data also indicated seasonal dynamics of waterlogging and
soil salinization (Salt efflorescence/crusting) in irrigated areas. Mixed spectral signatures of high moisture content and
poor crop stand indicated the presence of shallow aquifers close to the main canal. Digital analysis facilitated some indicators
for segregating such land uses, limited to optical range. Ground truth study found patchy crop stand, moist soil profile and
subsurface soil salinization indicating the presence of high water table (<1.5 m). It also found fluctuating (1.5–6.0 m) water
table with poor vegetative growth indicating areas sensitive to waterlogging These were classified as potential waterlogging.
Moderate to high soil salinity was found at surface and at the control section (0.2–0.8 m) of soil profiles indicating initiation
of secondary salinization. Coarse to medium soil texture facilitated capillary rise of salts with the advancing water table
in irrigated zone. The presence of fine textured and impermeable calcium carbonate layers at a depth below the surface enhanced
waterlogging and rise of water table. The preponderance of chlorides and sulfates of sodium, calcium and magnesium was found
in the salinized areas. The quality of ponded water was extremely poor and unfit for its reuse. The ground water was saline
in some areas but normally lies within the prescribed limit. The quality of drainage water was poor in saline depression and
unsuitable for reuse. These were moderate in other areas suggesting its safe reuse if mixed with good quality water. Suitable
soil and water management practices are necessary for sustainable crop production in the irrigated areas 相似文献
2.
V. K. Verma Anil Sood P. K. Sharma Charanjit Singh M. L. Manchanda 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1996,24(1):11-23
The arid tract of Punjab experiences various problems like thick sand cover (sand dunes) in large area, poor retention of water and nutrients in coarse textured soils, soil salinity and/or alkalinity, water logging and poor ground water quality. In the present study multidate remotely sensed data both in the form of aerial photographs and satellite imagery on 1:50,000 scale were interpreted visually to map physiography and soils. The ground water samples from tubewells distributed all over the area were collected and analysed to prepare ground water quality map. The soil and ground water quality maps were integrated to produce a resource constraint map of the area showing physical, chemical and hydrological constraints. The study revealed that alluvial plain suffers from hydrological constraints due to marginal to.poor ground water in 86% of the total area. The sand dunes show both physical and hydrological constraints due to coarse textured (sandy) soils and brackish ground water. The basins having soil salinity and brackish ground water cover 0.10% of the area. Keeping in view the type of constraint, locale specific measures like levelling and stabilisation of sand dunes, reclamation of salt affected and water logged areas followed by plantation of tree species which act as biopumps are suggested. The conjuctive use of surface (canal) and ground water is essential to prevent secondary salinization and sodification. The study demonstrates the potential usefulness of remote sensing technology in mapping natural resources and assess the nature, magnitude and spatial distribution of resource constraints. 相似文献
3.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(3):276-296
Abstract In the present study, the multi-temporal satellite images of IRS P6 LISS III were used to map waterlogging dynamics over different seasons. An area of 594.36 km2 (6.75%) and 4.17 km2 (0.04%) was affected by surface waterlogging during pre and postmonsoon season, respectively. The average annual groundwater level fluctuations were calculated using 18 years (1990–2007) pre and postmonsoon groundwater level data to identify the areas which are under groundwater induced waterlogging conditions. The soil map clearly indicates that salinity and sodicity exhibit the highest severity and occur in areas with shallow groundwater levels. The hydrogeomorphical units mapped using IRS P6 LISS III satellite images are flood plain, alluvial plain, paleochannels, and oxbow lakes. The study revealed that 44.65% areas have very good to excellent groundwater resources. The litholog data clearly indicate an alternating sequence of clay and sand in which deep aquifers made up of coarse sand would be best suited for adequate water supply and good groundwater quality. The integrated study utilizing digital spatial data pertaining to waterlogging, soil salinity, water level fluctuation, and lithological variation proved that planning of any surface and subsurface water resources development activity should be taken up after assessments of said parameters. 相似文献
4.
K. Sreenivas R. S. Dwivedi A. N. Singh S. Raviprakash 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(1):119-132
Waterlogging due to rising ground watertable, being a sub-surface phenomenon, is not amenable to detection by optical remote
sensing. Microwave and thermal sensor data have, however, shown some promise in the detection of sub-surface waterlogging.
The present study was taken up to evaluate the potential of near-IR, short-wave IR (SWIR) and thermal-IR data from Moderate
Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) aboard Terra-1 acquired during day-and-night time postmonsoon data for detection of
sub-surface waterlogging. The approach involves retrieval of day-and-night land surface temperature (LST), generation of normalized
difference of channel-2 and 6 (ND26); 2 and 7 (ND27); ground truth collection involving concurrent ground water table observations to satellite date of pass, thresholding of
normalized differences (NDs) and correlating the NDs with depth of ground water table. Amongst various spectral indices, day
and night-time LST difference (DLST) and night-time LST have been found to correlate well with the incidence of waterlogging
(water table depth < 2m), followed by normalized difference of band-2 (841–876 nm) and band-7 (2105–2155 nm). The sensitivity
of threshold limits for these indices was maximum for DLST followed by ND26 and ND27. Poor accuracy of detecting sub-surface waterlogging with thermal bands during day time is attributed to the non-corresponding
of the time of Terra MODIS data acquisitions with thermal maxima of the terrain. Though the ND27 gave better accuracy to detect subsurface waterlogging, it is very sensitive to threshold limits. 相似文献
5.
Evaluation of NDWI and MNDWI for assessment of waterlogging by integrating digital elevation model and groundwater level 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Accurate information on the extent of waterlogging is required for flood prediction, monitoring, relief and preventive measures. The rule-based classification algorithms were used for differentiating waterlogged areas from other ground features using Resourcesat-2 AWiFS satellite imagery (Indian Remote Sensing Satellite with spatial resolution of 56 m). Two spectral indices normalized difference water index (NDWI) and modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) were used for extracting waterlogged areas in Sri Muktsar Sahib district of Punjab, India. These indices extracted the waterlogged areas (cropped areas inundated with water) but the water features were less enhanced in the NDWI-derived image (when compared with MNDWI-derived image) due to negative values of NDWI and, mixing of water with built up features. The water features were more enhanced with MNDWI and the values of MNDWI were positive for water features mixed with vegetation. The overall accuracy of waterlogged areas extracted from the MNDWI image was 96.9% with the Kappa coefficient of 0.89. The digital elevation model (DEM) was extracted from ASTER-GDEM. The relationships among depth to the water table recorded before the incessant rain in the region, DEM and classified MNDWI images explained the differences in the extent of waterlogging in various directions of the study area. These results suggest that MNDWI can be used to better delineate water features mixed with vegetation compared to NDWI. 相似文献
6.
V. K. Verma R. K. Setia P. K. Sharma Harpinder Singh 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2008,36(3):273-281
Secondary salinisation is the most harmful and extended phenomenon of the unfavourable effects of irrigation on the soil and
environment. An attempt was made to study the impact of poor quality ground water on soils in terms of secondary salinisation
and availability of soil nutrients in Faridkot district of Punjab of northern India. Based on physiographic analysis of IRS
1C LISS-III data and semi-detailed soil survey, the soil map was finalized on a 1:50,000 scale and digitized using Arc Info
GIS. Georeferenced surface soil samples (0–0.15 m) from 231 sites were collected and analyzed for available phosphorus (P)
and potassium (K). Interpolation by kriging produced digital spatial maps of available P and K. Ground water quality map was
generated in GIS domain on the basis of EC (electrical conductivity) and RSC (residual sodium carbonate) of ground water samples
collected from 374 georeferenced tube wells. Integration of soil and ground water quality maps enabled generating a map showing
degree (high, moderate and low) and type (salinity, sodicity and both) of vulnerability to secondary salinization. Fine-textured
soils have been found to be highly sensitive to secondary salinisation, whereas medium-textured soils as moderately sensitive
to secondary salinisation. The resultant map was integrated with available P and K maps to show the combined influence of
soil texture and ground water quality on available soil nutrients. The results show that available P and K in the soils of
different physiographic units were found in the order of Ap1 < Ap2 < Ap3. The soils of all physiographic units had sizeable
area having high content of P (>22.5 kg / ha) and medium available K (135–335 kg ha−1) in most of the test sites when irrigated with saline, sodic or poor quality water. 相似文献
7.
Assessing NDVI Spatial Pattern as Related to Irrigation and Soil Salinity Management in Al-Hassa Oasis,Saudi Arabia 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Yousef Y. Aldakheel 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2011,39(2):171-180
Sustainability of irrigated agriculture in arid and semi arid lands depends, mainly on the level of soil salinity and the
quality of irrigation water. Remotely sensed data can provide information about the extent of vegetated irrigated areas. Al-Hassa
oasis, Saudi Arabia is probably the largest oasis in the world depends mostly on tapped ground water to irrigate mainly date
palm groves for its economic survival. This study tried to investigate the extent of soil salinity and the quality of irrigation
water and the relationship with vegetation growth, employing NDVI derived from Landsat satellite imagery. 相似文献
8.
Development of irrigation potential for increasing agricultural production is the main aim of Command Area Development. This involves interaction amongst various factors; the soil, the crop, the climate, the topograpny and others. Water management in Command Area requires careful planning, based upon adequate data regarding soils, land use and topography. It is essential to make the best possible use of the available water without creating waterlogging, salinity and alkalinity problems in the command area. The use of aerial photographs is a well recognized expedient, convenient and economical method of data collection, which appreciably suits the requirement of the survey of Command Areas. As large areas have to be surveyed for data collection, the best way to accomplish this is by taking up survey of command area in different levels: reconnaissance, semi-detailed and detailed. The reconnaissance and semi-detailed survey would enable us to identify problem areas. Detailed survey are needed in these areas for taking up reclamation measures. A case study of soil survey carried out in the Sharda Sahayak Command Area of a part of Hardoi District is given as an example to illustrate the use of aerial photographs for planning of water management practices. 相似文献
9.
FAO 56 Model and Remote Sensing for the Estimation of Crop-Water Requirement in Main Branch Canal of the Bhadra Command area, Karnataka State 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. N. A. Abdul Karim S. A. Ahmed V. Nischitha Surabhi Bhatt S. Kiran Raj K. N. Chandrashekarappa 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(4):883-894
Remote sensing and FAO 56 crop water model are used for estimating crop water requirement for paddy crop located in the main branch canal of Bhadra Command Area in Karnataka, India. The estimation of crop-water requirement depends on the meteorological factors, soil type and crop coefficients. The result obtained showed that water requirements of rabi crops higher than those of the kariff crops. The total irrigated area estimated from the IRS image is 29,353 ha. It is found that the total paddy crop acreage is 18,257 ha covering 62 % in the total irrigated area of the command area, Arecanut 20 %, coconut 15 % and sugarcane with other crops 3 %. The water requirement for paddy is 1180.4 mm for its entire growth period. The total water requirement for irrigation supply for crops in the entire command area is 5,790 at a demand of 0.10501 cusecs per ha. 相似文献
10.
A. K. Singh P. K. Singh B. Lal A. N. Singh A. Mathur 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2008,36(2):183-188
A World Bank-aided project on sodic land reclamation in Uttar Pradesh is being executed by U.P. Bhumi Sudhar Nigam, Lucknow,
and Remote Sensing Applications Centre, U.P., Lucknow has the responsibility of sodic land mapping for the execution of land
reclamation programme at the cadastral level. Sodic lands are mainly concentrated in the Gangetic alluvial plains but the
problem of sodicity is particularly acute in the canal-irrigated areas. A study of the distribution pattern of sodic lands
in canal and noncanal command areas in a reclamation site (covering 60 villages out of which sodic lands were mapped in 51
villages) of Etah district in Uttar Pradesh, indicates that 18.39 per cent area of the canal command villages was barren sodic
which was 13.41 per cent of the total geographical area of the site (15417 ha), however, 11.69 per cent area was recorded
to be barren sodic in the non-canal command villages which was only 3.16 per cent of the geographical area of the site. The
results of soil chemical analysis indicate that barren sodic lands of canal command area are saline-sodic with higher concentration
of soluble salts (pH2 >8.5, EC2 >4 dSm−1), however, those of non-canal command area are sodic (pH2 >8.5, EC2 <4 dSm−1). The post-monsoon ground level in the canal-irrigated areas was in the critical and semicritical zone (< 3.0 mbgl) whereas
it was well below the semi-critical zone in the non-canal command area, which indicates that the high ground water level is
a major factor to higher the area under sodicity. 相似文献
11.
A. V. Suresh Babu V. Venkateshwar Rao I. V. Muralikrishna 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2007,35(1):81-91
Water Utilisation Index (WUI) defined as area irrigated per unit volume is a measure of water delivery performance and constitutes
one of the important spatial performance indicators of an irrigation system. WUI also forms basis for evaluating the adequacy
of seasonal irrigation supplies in an irrigation system (inverse of WUI is delta, i.e. depth of water supplied to a given
irrigation unit). In the present study WUI and adequacy indicators were used in benchmarking the performance of Nagarjunasagar
Left Canal Command (NSLC) in Andhra Pradesh. Optimised temporal satellite data of rabi season during the years 1990–91 and
1998–99 was used in deriving irrigated crop areas adopting hierarchical classification approach. Paddy is the predominant
crop grown and cotton, chillies, sugarcane etc. are the other crops grown in the study area. Equivalent wet area (paddy crop
area) was estimated using the operationally used project specific conversion factors. WUI was estimated at disaggregated level
viz., distributary, irrigation block, irrigation zone level using the canal discharge data. At project level, WUI estimated
to be 65 ha/MCM and 92 ha/MCM during rabi season of 1990–91 and 1998–99 years respectively. A comparison of total irrigated
area and discharges corresponding to both the years indicate that irrigation service is extensive and sub optimal during 1998–99
and it is intensive and optimal in 1990–91. It was also observed that WUI is lesser in blocks of with higher Culturable Command
Area (CCA) compared to the blocks of lower CCA. All the disaggregated units were ranked into various groups of different levels
of water distribution performance. The study demonstrates the utility of WUI as spatial performance indicator and thus useful
for benchmarking studies of irrigation command areas. The WUI together with satellite data derived spatial irrigation intensity,
crop productivity constitutes important benchmarking indices in irrigation command areas. 相似文献
12.
Throughout Australia, there is concern that land use change is mobilizing salt stored in the landscape, causing salinity in soil and water resources. Salt in the landscape becomes a salinity risk only if it is mobilized by groundwater movement. A combination of modelled groundwater behaviour under various land uses with three-dimensional salt-load maps developed from airborne electromagnetic survey (AEM) provides a practical tool to assess potential salt movement.AEM survey of the country around St. George, SE Queensland, revealed a potential salinity threat: significant salt stores in the uplands adjacent to flood plains which support important irrigation developments and which drain to the Darling River system. A conceptual model of the regional hydrogeology was built upon three-dimensional AEM data, an investigation-drilling program, and direct field measurement of hydraulic conductivities. This information was incorporated in a Flowtube groundwater model and groundwater responses to five different land management options were tested over a 100-year period. Surface water storage on relatively permeable soils and continuous irrigated cotton both resulted in water tables reaching the soil surface; rain-fed wheat and pasture both resulted in a raised watertable, but both established a new equilibrium without the water table reaching the ground surface. 相似文献
13.
Visual interpretation of IRS LISS-II data authenticated by ground truth was carried out for detection of waterlogged areas and characterization of salt-affected soils. The deep blue tone depicting surface ponding (stagnant ponded zone) resulted from the seepage and accumulation of irrigation water through the course sandy mass. Such unit was mostly confined to the localized low-lying areas. These data have also revealed interdunal seepage lake within the buried paleo-channel of Saraswati possibly due to submerging of excess Ghaggar floodwater. Flood irrigation, sandy soils, cultivation of high water requirement crops and presence of hard gypsiferrous pans in the shallow depths were responsible for development of waterlogged conditions in the area. The grey to yellowish white patch around the waterlogging features represented surface salt efflorescence. The grey to greyish red represented the potential waterlogging zone. Based on the analytical data, soils were characterized as moderate to highly saline and showed the presence of significant amount of CaCO3 (>2 mm) throughout the solum. The chemical analysis of water samples revealed the presence of high to very high quantity of soluble salts dominated by chlorides and sulfates of sodium, calcium and magnesium. 相似文献
14.
Anil Sood B. U. Choudhury S. S. Ray S. K. Jalota P. K. Sharma Shushma Panigrahy 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(3):483-491
A remote sensing-based approach was applied to study the impact of changes in cropping system on the exploitation of water
resources in two districts namely Ludhiana in central Punjab and Muktsar in South-Western Punjab. Rice-wheat remained dominant
rotation in Ludhiana while cottonwheat rotation was replaced partially by rice-wheat in Muktsar within a span of over five
years (1998–99 to 2003–04). The solo rice-wheat system in Ludhiana district has resulted in large-scale ground water exploitation
as is evident from the faster decline in water table (up to 0.9m year−1) and higher tube-wells density (440 per 1000 ha). As a result, nearly 60 per cent of the total area of Ludhiana district
has the water table depth greater than 10m and in some blocks, it has reached to a depth of 22 m. In Muktsar district, corresponding
rise in water table is 0.2m per year and tube well density is 114 per 1000 ha. Irrigation water associated with paddy cultivation
in Ludhiana and adjoining areas moves laterally through the buried paleo-channels of Sutlaj in the deeper soil profile and
gets accumulated in the basin lands of Muktsar and adjoining areas and causes an extra water flux and subsequent rise in water
table, recorded at 3 to 7m depth. To minimize the hydrological imbalance of the state, it is suggested to diversify some of
the area in the central districts from irrigation water intensive rice-wheat system to less water intensive cropping system. 相似文献
15.
高速公路是国家路网的重要组成部分,随着"一带一路"政策的提出,高速公路的修建及维护变得越来越重要。截至2017年底,我国高速公路里程累计约13.1万千米,居于世界前列。软土路基是一种特殊的路基,其主要特点是压缩性高、含水量大、天然强度低和渗透性差,主要分布于江、河、湖、海沿岸以及多雨的山间洼地等地区,修筑的高速公路如果穿过软土地区,其路基的沉降持续时间更长,变形速率更快,严重影响路面的平顺和稳定,需要进行更加严格的沉降观测和精度更高的沉降预测模型。本文以哈尔滨至牡丹江高速公路(简称哈牡高速)为研究对象,实地采集沉降观测数据,将常用的沉降预测模型结果与组合预测模型结果进行对比分析,证明组合预测的方法具有一定的优势,结论对东北地区软土路基高速公路的沉降预测具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
16.
S. Jonna K. Abdul Hakeem C. S. Murthy P. V. Raju S. T. Chari 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1995,23(4):185-194
Data of Wide Field Sensor (WiFS) to go onboard Indian Remote Sensing Satellite, IRS-1C, in December 1995, is simulated mainly from IRS IB LISS I data of Bhadra command area, Karnataka (India) during 1993–94 summer season, to evaluate its capability in concurrent monitoring of irrigated crops at disaggregated level Crop area, crop-growth profiles of homogeneous crops like paddy, as obtained from both simulated WiFS data and LISS I data are very close for almost all the distributary commands of Bhadra project Though non-paddy-crop groups could also be classified satisfactorily, the Workability with small-extent-individual crops like groundnut, garden and sugarcane is found to be less due to coarse resolution of WiFS data and hence the individual crops could not be separated out. This study proves the potential of WiFS in concurrent monitoring of fairly-large-extent irrigated crops at distributary level. The basic feasibility of WiFS had been established in an earlier work at broad level and this study demonstrates the feasibility of information extraction at distributary command level from WiFS data. 相似文献
17.
B. Simhadri Rao M. Shanker V. Venkateswar Rao 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(3):447-456
Availability of Water resources is not uniform in space and time resulting in deficient and surplus areas. In India, the idea of interlinking of river is proposed for many years to transfer water from surplus regions to water deficient areas. Ken-Betwa river link proposes to transfer 659 MCM of surplus waster from Ken basin to Betwa basin in order to utilise for irrigation and water supply by constructing new projects. Before taking up any new projects feasibility assessment studies are essential. In this context, satellite remote sensing plays vital role in providing required information for the feasibility assessment studies. The processes involved in deriving the satellite based information are explained with Ken-Betwa case study. Using this satellite derived information reservoir submergence analysis and irrigation command analysis were described for one proposed dam site namely Neemkheda. The results of the analysis provide the decision makers to arrive at selection of suitable sites among the proposed dam sites and the final reservoir levels and area that can be irrigated under its command. 相似文献
18.
《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2009,6(4):635-639
19.
N. K. Kalra L. Singh R. Kachhwah D. C. Joshi 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(2):279-290
Soil is an integral part of ecosystem nurturing the biological system. Sustainable management of soil resources based on the
consideration of constraints is the key to check land degradation and maintain productivity of biological system. To meet
the objective remote sensing and GIS technology has been employed for identification of soil constraints in resource potential
Bhilwara district. IRS LISS-III FCC images were interpreted for soil constraints using physiography soil approach, verified
through field checking and laboratory analysis. On IRS LISS-III FCC images the salt affected soils of Kotri and Taswaria appeared
in bright white to light grey tone, smooth texture with white mottles. These were also verified during ground truth and soil
analysis for salinity (EC 2.90–3.32 dS m−1) and sodicity (pH 9.50–9.86 and ESP 17.60–19.05). Similarly on the LISS III FCC, constraints due to water erosion near Bir,
Sareri and Vijaypura soil series were apparent in light grey to whitish tone, intercepted by medium grey streaks indicating
streams and exposed sub-soil. The constraints due to shallow depth associated with rock out crops and hilly areas of Balda
and Delwara series appeared in greenish grey tone and coarse texture. There was close relationship between image characteristics,
field observation and analytical data. 相似文献
20.
2020年6月12日,广州从化区的高压输电线路森从甲线,发生暴雨内涝应急事故,多处杆塔区域地质发生塌方、内涝。本文利用小基线集(SBAS)技术,基于Sentinel-1A数据,反演获得高压输电线路附近区域的2020年1月至6月累积地表形变量,研究强降水对山体地表形变产生的影响。综合分析监测结果表明,该区域在2020年上半年期间大部分均趋于平稳,部分丘陵地区在外界条件作用及土壤含水量高的影响下,呈现出不稳定的持续沉降趋势,在强降雨季地表沉降速率会明显增长,最大沉降量超过-55.3 mm。亚热带季风气候带来的季节性强降雨和人类频繁的建设活动,使得山体滑坡、塌方、内涝等自然灾害极易发生,对区域环境稳定和安全、区域发展和经济增长造成负面影响。 相似文献