西藏措勤地区侏罗系质疑

西藏措勤地区一直被认为有被分别称为达雄群和接奴群的中上侏罗统，然而在1：25万《措勤县幅》区调工作中，在该区的接奴群、达雄群中发现了较丰富的双壳、腹足、海胆、菊石及植物化石，这些化石组合具早白垩世生物群面貌。根据这些化石组合及地层对比，研究区内的接奴群和达雄群应划归下白垩统则弄群上部。     

西藏中南部尼雄—文部地区中一晚二叠世坚扎弄组的发现及其地质意义

笔者在进行1∶25万邦多区幅和措麦区幅区域地质调查期间,于措勤县尼雄和尼玛县文部等地发现一套陆相为主的海陆交互相地层。其岩性组合面貌非常特殊,富含植物化石,与坚扎弄组层型剖面可以对比。植物群面貌具有华夏和冈瓦纳植物群中非典型分子的双重性质,无论从植物化石本身、沉积特征,还是从海水进退规律及气候环境等方面综合分析,地层时代宜归晚二叠世,但不排除属中二叠世最晚期的可能性。     

中国区域地质(季刊)2001年第20卷总目次

第２期青藏高原及周边地区１∶２５万区域地质调查２０００年取得可喜进展中国地质调查局区调处（１１３）华北早前寒武纪（太古宙—古元古代）岩石地层单位划分、对比及地质年代属性讨论武铁山（１１６）安徽大别山及邻区区域地质调查进展与问题讨论汤加富钱存超娄清（１２８）浅析构造混杂带的类型及组成特征———以滇西兔峨幅、弥沙井幅１∶５万区调为例陶晓风刘登忠朱利东等（１３７）兰州地区最老黄土的发现及其特征张有龙李麒麟赵桐等（１４１）粤西云开岩群的建立———云开地区前泥盆纪变质地层的再认识邝永光黄宇辉庄文明等（１４…     

西藏措勤—申扎地层分区二叠系敌布错组的建立及其特征

敌布错组为1∶25万措勤区幅区域地质调查首次发现并建立的岩石地层单位。该组角度不整合于下二叠统下拉组之上,盛产冈瓦纳—华夏混合植物群化石,岩性组合呈现灰色复陆屑建造的特点,厚度大于830m。层型剖面位于西藏措勤县江让乡敌布错北缘(E84°46',N30°51')。2001年夏经专家实地考查确认,该剖面已完全具备建组条件。此套岩石组合的发现为进一步完善冈底斯构造带古生代地层系统提供了新的资料。     

西藏改则县夏岗江石炭、二叠纪冈瓦纳相地层

<正> 夏岗江雪山位于措勤县达雄区之北,南北蜿蜒80余公里,行政区属措勤、申扎和改则三县管辖。地势高峻,海拔5000—6500m以上,主峰高达6822m。气候恶劣,人烟稀少,地质研究程度很低,仅有我局四大队作过二十万分之一的石油地质调查,蒋忠惕、徐正余(1983)曾报道该区有晚二叠世早期华夏植物群的发现。1983年夏,作者赴该区坚扎弄至下查拉间,测制剖面,釆获的植物化石已由李星学和作者(1983)研究,属冈瓦纳-华夏混合植物群(Gondwana-Cathay Mixed flora)。本文为地层部分,主要对石炭、二叠纪地层作简要报道。     

陆相红色盆地1∶5万填图的一种新方法———构造—岩性—岩相填图法

通过吉安—泰和盆地１∶５万区域地质调查实践，提出了构造—岩性—岩相填图法：首先在区域性资料分析的基础上，通过踏勘确立构造不整合面、相变换面，初步划分岩石地层单位的群、组；第二，测制剖面，详细研究构造不整合面、相变换面、同相叠复面等界面特征及被这些界面围限的岩石地层内部结构等，正式划分岩石地层群、组、段，建立岩石地层层序；第三，利用主干地质路线调查，建立盆地地层格架；第四，开展面上地质调查，完成１∶５万地质填图；最后，进行综合分析，选择重点区段、剖面进行详细研究，总结盆地沉积模式     

云南马楠幅1∶50 000地质图数据库

云南马楠幅（H48E024007）1∶50 000 地质图数据库是按《1∶50 000区域地质调查技术要求》（DD 2019—01）和地质行业的统一标准及要求,在综合分析前人资料、野外踏勘、剖面测制、野外路线调查的基础上开展,采用数字填图系统（DGSS）进行野外地质填图和数据库建设,并应用室内与野外填编图相结合的方法完成,加强了含矿地层、岩石、构造的调查,突出了岩性、构造填图和特殊地质体及非正式填图单元的表达。地质图面上突出了火山岩、非正式填图单元和特殊岩性的岩性花纹等信息的表达,从而丰富了地质图的内容,使得地质图面美观、地质信息直观,增强了地质图利用效果,综合体现了成果的可靠性、创新性及应用性。厘定了构造形态及构造变形特征;对区内滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害的资料进行了收集整理,总结了地质灾害的类型、发育规模及分布状况;详细调查了马楠云海和马楠云海之上的大草原。共划分出26个组级地层单位,并在此基础上划分出12个段级地层填图单位,在综合1∶200 000区域地质调查、邻区1∶50 000区域地质调查、岩石地层清理资料及野外试填图的基础上,提出了各填图单位的岩石组合特征。数据量约为169 MB,反映了1∶50 000 区域地质调查最新成果,为该区下一步开展矿产地质调查、地质灾害防治及生态环境保护等提供基础性资料。     

西藏描勤——申扎地层分区二叠系敌布错组的建立及其特征

敌布错组为125万措勤区幅区域地质调查首次发现并建立的岩石地层单位.该组角度不整合于下二叠统下拉组之上,盛产冈瓦纳-华夏混合植物群化石,岩性组合呈现灰色复陆屑建造的特点,厚度大于830m.层型剖面位于西藏措勤县江让乡敌布错北缘(E84.46′,N30.51′).2001年夏经专家实地考查确认,该剖面已完全具备建组条件.此套岩石组合的发现为进一步完善冈底斯构造带古生代地层系统提供了新的资料.     

西藏冈底斯申扎地层分区上二叠统的发现

２００１年四川省地质调查院区域地质调查所在完成青藏高原空白区１∶２５万措勤区幅填图工作中，首次在措勤县江让区敌布错北岸发现了一套覆于冈底斯古生代弧背断隆下二叠统下拉组之上的灰色砂板岩、砾岩夹泥灰岩、硅质岩组合，厚度大于８４０ｍ，与下二叠统下拉组灰岩呈角度不整合接触。这套岩层中平行纹层、水平层理、脉状层理、沙纹层理发育，具海陆交复相的沉积特点，并产有丰富的植物化石及少量的动物化石。植物化石经野外初步鉴定具有西藏夏岗江植物群Ｐｅｃｏｐｔｅｒｉｓｓｐ．，Ｐｈｙｌｌｏｔｈｅｃａｓｐ．，Ｓｐｈｅｎｏｐｔｅ…     

1995年区域地质调查工作总结

１９９５年区域地质调查工作总结（地矿部地质调查局区域地质调查测绘处）１全国区域地质调查工作完成情况１∶２０万区域地质调查，本年度有山东（修测）、西藏等省（区）进行此项工作。截至１９９５年底，累计完成陆地填图面积６９１万ｋｍ２，约占可测面积的９１％。１...     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

Paleomagnetic implications on the evolution of the tethys belt from the atlantic ocean to the pamirs since the triassic

We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies.     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.