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1.
海底松散沉积物声学性质原位测量实验研究   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
分析研究了国内外海底松散泥沙的声速和声衰减系数测量的研究现状,并据此研制了海底表层沉积物声速声衰减系数原位测量系统。利用原位测量系统分别在实验室和海滩对不同粒度的沉积物进行了测量分析,得到了不同粒度沉积物的声速和声衰减系数。数据分析表明,沉积物的声速和声衰减系数与沉积物的粒径有密切的关系,粒径越粗,声速越高,声衰减系数越大。通过沉积物声学性质研究,可以开发海底浅层沉积物声学性质原位测量技术,提高相关海洋调查的速度和效率。  相似文献   

2.
海底底质声学性质原位测量技术研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
系统介绍了海底底质声学性质原位测量技术,提出了新的原位测量方法,并根据这一测量方法,初步设计制作了相应的海底原位测量仪器。利用初步制作的测量仪器在实验室内对砂质沉积物进行了模拟测量试验,仪器测量得到的沉积物声速与直接透射法测量获得的声速基本一致。在宁波近海海域进行了海上实际测量试验,获得了该测量区域海底底质的声速,验证了此测量技术的可行性,为进一步研发先进的海底原位测量仪器奠定了基础。  相似文献   

3.
为了能够快速准确的测量海底表层沉积物的声学参数,避免取样测量产生测量误差,研制出一种海底底质声学原位测量系统。为了检验原位测量系统的工作性能,在胶州湾海域进行了初步的测量实验分析。通过对测量结果的分析研究,验证了原位测量系统的一些工作性能,同时发现了一些需要改进的问题。  相似文献   

4.
海底沉积物的声学测量是海底测深的关键技术之一,应用于海底地形地貌测量、海洋矿产资源开采和海底工程建设等。海底沉积物声学测量方法中的原位测量方法可以避免保真采样法的强扰动性和遥测法的准确度、精度及灵敏度的不确定性等缺点,如何改进原位测量系统渐成为海底探测的研究热点。通过分析现有海底沉积物原位测量设备测试换能器的工作原理,针对垂直压入方式换能器测量深度有限,提出了一种通过改变换能器压入沉积物的角度来增加测量深度的方法。在理论上论证出在不低于换能器接收阈值时,测量深度随着掠射角的增加而增加。在不增加压入深度的前提下提供了一种增加测量深度方法。  相似文献   

5.
便携式海底沉积声学原位测量系统研制及应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
详细介绍了最新研制的便携式海底沉积声学原位测量系统的工作原理和结构组成.与基于液压驱动的海底沉积声学原位测量系统相比,该系统操作简单,轻便灵活,易于吊放.2010年中国科学院南海海洋研究所“实验3”号科考船南海开放航次应用该系统在南海北部开展了海底沉积声学原位测量,首次获得该海区海底沉积物声速和声衰减系数原位测量数据.将原位测量声速与实验室测量声速进行了对比分析,结果表明二者存在明显差异,从而表明温度和压力等环境参数对沉积物声速具有重要影响.  相似文献   

6.
介绍了海底沉积物原位声速测量方法和实验室声速测量方法的工作原理以及在南黄海中部海底沉积声学调查中的应用情况,详细对比分析了原位测量声速和船舶甲板实验室测量声速的差异,讨论了温度和压力等环境因素变化对声速的影响,研究成果对海底沉积物声速测量和预报具有一定应用价值.  相似文献   

7.
本文介绍了一种基于海底沉积物重力柱状取样器的新型原位声学一体化系统,名为海底沉积物原位声学与取样一体化系统(Sediment Acoustics and Sampling Integrated System,SASIS),该系统可以为海底区域地声模型研究和海洋工程地质评价等提供重要数据和样品。SASIS 水下结构主要包括声学测量单元和重力柱取样单元,其发射换能器、接收换能器与重力柱状取样器实现一体化集成。系统利用振动滑行纵波方式测量沉积物的声速和声衰减,声波主频为12 kHz、28 kHz 可选,采用1 发4 收测量模式,在原位声学测量时可同步采集同一深度位置的沉积物样品。依托自然资源部第二海洋研究所-上海交通大学联合基金2023 年度共享航次,SASIS 在浙江舟山附近东海海域成功地进行了5 站试验,试验站位水深约12.0 m,SASIS 系统高效地同步采集了原位测量数据和沉积物样品。本文对沉积物声速和声衰减进行了初步数据分析,与前人测量数据、样品实验室声学测量结果对比表明,SASIS 系统的原位声学数据可靠且有效。  相似文献   

8.
多频海底声学原位测试系统研制和试用   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:9  
海底沉积物的声学特性(最重要的是声速和声衰减)以及它们与物理(包括土力学)特性之间的关系是沉积物声学中两个重要的研究项目.介绍了新研制的实时监控多频海底声学原位测试系统.该系统可测量浅表层沉积物的声速.探测频率为8,10,12,15 kHz,可根据实际情况选择发射波形、接收增益和采样长度,采样率为0.5~2.0 MHz,工作水深为300 m.系统具有倾斜传感器、8通道扩充等功能.用该系统在杭州湾测得了四种频率的沉积物原位声速.  相似文献   

9.
介绍了一种液压驱动贯入式海底沉积声学原位测量系统的电路控制单元的研究实现过程,以及该控制单元在南海北部海底沉积声学调查中的应用。该电路控制单元以Cortex-A8处理器为核心,集成大容量FLASH存储器,与单片机接口控制板进行串口通讯,实现对声学发射采集单元和机械液压贯入单元的可视化控制和监测。基于该电路控制单元,海底底质声学原位测量系统兼具自容式和在线式两种工作模式,可自容记录或实时采集声学原位测量单元在海底的工作状态数据、海底沉积物声速和声衰减系数等声学特性数据。该声学原位测量系统的实验室联调及南海海试结果表明,使用该电路控制单元对海底底质声学测量过程的监测与控制是有效的,对精确获取海底底质的原位声学特性有重要作用,可以促进海底底质声学原位测量系统的产品化。  相似文献   

10.
海底浅表层沉积物原位声学测量方法探讨   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
邹大鹏  阚光明  龙建军 《海洋学报》2014,36(11):111-119
研究透射式和折射式两类海底沉积声学原位测量方法,通过分析10种海底浅表层沉积物声学原位测量仪器的特征,指出不同声学原位测量技术对沉积物声学特性测量结果的影响。比较黄海海底浅表层沉积声学原位测量数据与实验室测量结果的差异,分析原位声学测量数据普遍小于实验室测量数据的原因,指出原位测量的作用和重要性。探讨指出海底浅表层沉积物原位声学测量所需要配合发展的其他物理性质原位测量技术。  相似文献   

11.
12.
为精确测量海底浅表层沉积物声学及温度参数,自主研发了一种缆控式海底沉积物声温同步原位探测取样系统。与国内外传统的沉积物声学原位探测系统相比,该系统能够完成深海浅表层沉积物声速、声衰减等声学参数以及多点位温度的原位实时测量,同时实现了可视化同步精准取样。整套系统以5个单元为基础构建,包括声学参数原位测量系统、多点位温度梯度探测系统、浅表层沉积物取样系统、固定组件以及实时通讯控制系统,实现了声波发射和接收、沉积物取样、多点位温度探测等关键技术的融合。本套系统于2022年5月在台西南盆地进行了海试应用,成功获取了试验区域海底浅表层沉积物的声速、声衰减系数、温度梯度等原位参数。海试结果表明,该系统工作稳定,声速测量精度小于2%,原位温度梯度精度误差小于0.001℃。同时,获取低扰动高保真的原位柱状沉积物样品共计超过3 m,用于后期实验室与原位测量的对比分析。该系统的成熟应用,有助于提高海底浅表层沉积物声学参数的探测效率与精度。  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35–70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25–40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6–0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1–1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner.  相似文献   

14.
The Drag-type In-Situ Acoustic Measurement System (DISAMS) is a new instrument designed for rapid measurement of seabed sediment acoustic parameters, including the sediment sound velocity and acoustic attenuation coefficient. The DISAMS consists of six independent acoustic probes arranged symmetrically such that each side has one transmitting probe and two receiving probes. The entire operation is controlled and monitored in real time by a deck control unit on board, and the center frequency of the DISAMS is 30?kHz. The DISAMS can record full waveforms to determine the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient in the seabed sediment. In addition to site measurements, the DISAMS can also carry out towing measurements, resulting in improved efficiency compared with existing in-situ acoustic measurement systems. This article presents the configuration, electronics, and tests of the DISAMS in detail. Laboratory tests were conducted in a sediment pool, sea trials were carried out in the Zhoushan Islands, and sound velocity and attenuation coefficient data were obtained. The test results demonstrated that the DISAMS performed well and was able to measure the sound velocity and attenuation coefficient rapidly and accurately in both site measurements and towing measurements.  相似文献   

15.
海底沉积层的声学特性是开展海洋声场计算与工程地质评价的基础要素,原位测量是精确获取声学特性参数的有效手段。海底沉积层的结构分层特征以及孤石等地质异常体的存在导致其垂向、横向呈现不均匀性特征,现有的声学原位测量系统难以对不均匀性特征进行探测识别,对地层不均匀性上的识别尚且缺少判别参考。对此,该文提出了一种针对海底沉积层不均匀性的斜向声学原位纵波测量方法,利用有限元法进行了百米尺度内的沉积层斜向声学原位测量仿真研究,根据东海区域工程地质勘探资料,构建了均匀型沉积层、分层型沉积层及含孤石型沉积层三种模型,基于斜向原位测量方法开展了沉积层声速测量仿真。结果表明,斜向原位测量方法对大深度沉积层中的不均匀性具有较好的识别效果,通过引入等效偏移距概念,对原有声速计算公式进行了改进,有效提高了异常识别的准确性。斜向声学原位测量方法是对现有沉积层原位测量方式的有效拓展,将有助于推动原位测量在海洋工程勘察中的进一步应用。  相似文献   

16.
    
During Ocean Drilling Program Leg 138, eleven sites were drilled. The sediments recovered are mainly composed of carbonate-rich pelagic ooze including minor diatom and radiolarian ooze. Average carbonate contents of Sites 846 and 850 are about 59% and 75%, respectively. The porosity and velocity measured in laboratory were corrected to in situ condition using empirical equation (Hamilton, 1976) and delta velocity (log value-laboratory value). The corrected laboratory porosity matches well with logging data, but it is deviating in the intervals of low carbonate content. The correlation between log porosity and the corrected porosity shows a similar trend. Depth profiles between the corrected velocity and logging data do not agree in the intervals of low carbonate content, but the intervals characterized by high carbonate content are relatively matched. This suggests that Hamilton's equation is not appropriate for diatom-rich sediments. The correlation between log velocity and the corrected velocity is also a much better fit than that of laboratory velocity. In addition, the relationship between velocity and porosity is a better fit using corrected data than uncorrected data. Thus, mechanical rebound correction needs to interpret laboratory data to in situ condition. However, the magnitude of rebound by the removal of overburden pressure should be carefully considered because the rebound depends on sediment types.  相似文献   

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