苏联斋桑7.3级地震前地震活动的某些特征

1990年6月14日苏联斋桑7.3级强震发生在重力异常梯度带的拐弯处;强震前存在明显的M_s≥3.5级地震围成的空区;空区走向为北西西向,与斋桑强震发震构造走向一致,长轴约170km。1990年2月14日4.0级地震可视为信号震。最后初步讨论了阿勒泰活动区的地震趋势。     

关于中国大陆强震的短期预报探讨

我们研究了我国M_s≥5.0级地震的时空分布和强度特性,发现台湾地震活动似乎是我国大陆强震的前兆震(或震群)。其具体情况如下: (1)凡在台湾及其海域1.5度区域内,在三个月内相继发生多次5.0≤M_s≤6.8级的地震,我们将这一组地震称之为报幕震;将中国大陆地区发生的M_s≥7.0级强震,称之为演出     

从巴塘现场地震分析谈持续时间定震级

1989年4月16日北京时间04时34分在四川省巴塘县境内(北纬29°54′,东经99°11′)发生 M_s6.7级地震,继后再度于4月25日和5月3日发生 M_s6.7级和 M_s6.4、M_s6.2级地震,在这次混合型强震群型地震中,M≥1.0级地震超过2万次,截至9月30日止,M_L≥2.0级地震就有3428次,面对如此众多的地震,台站地震分析仍按常规方法进行,不仅人手有限,而且时间上也不允许。大震后震区人民要求地震工作者回答的第一个问题就是还有没有更大的地     

云南地区6级以上地震前M_s≥4.7级地震的时空特征标度

本文研究了1920年以来,云南地区M_s≥4.7级地震的时间序列及空间分布的特征标度。结果表明,当区内M_s≥4.7级地震在时间序列上出现我们定义的平静段和活跃段后,分别于418天和312天内即可能发生6级以上地震,对应率分别为71％和87％,1920年以来云南11次M_s≥6.8级地震前,出现活跃和平静特征标度的各5次。在空间上绝大多数(80％)大震震中处于我们所定义的长时间大范围空白缺震背景区或相对少震区内,仅少数(20％)位于4.7级以上地震相对密集区内或附近。4.7级以上地震上述时间序列及空间分布特征标度,可以作为云南6级,特别是6.8级以上地震中期或短期预测的判据和指标。同时可以看出,云南6级以上地震前,4.7级以上地震在时空演变上,经历了从无序到有序的演化过程。     

1990年10月20日景泰6.2级地震余震序列特征

1.余震序列时间分布特征天祝、景泰6.2级地震后,共发生M_s≥1地震186次。从图1可以看出,震级随时间的衰减是明显的。最大余震是主震后30多分钟发生的M_s5.1地震,4级以上的地震都是在     

甘肃东南部地区地震活动特征

甘肃东南部地区地震活动频繁。该区历史上曾发生过M_s≥5.0级地震55次,其中包括M_s≥8.0级2次,7.0—7.9级6次,6.0—6.9级12次,5.0—5.9级35次。近年来该地区一直被定为重点监视区或需要注意监视的地区。因此,研究其地震活动特征对于该地区的地震监     

地震进口窗：试论中国大陆及边邻强震活动关联性

本文在对我国边邻三个“地震进口窗”内M_s≥7.0级地震与中国内陆的部分M_s≥6.0级地震活动的时、空关系简述后,讨论了如何利用这种关系来预报中国内陆M_s≥6.0级地震的时、空问题,以期为大形势的趋势预报提供有益的参考.文末也对“地震进口窗”的物理意义进行了简单的讨论.     

1989年四川巴塘地震序列特征

1.概况1989年4月16日04时34分在四川省甘孜藏族自治州巴塘县境内发生M_s6.7地震,随后于4月25日10时13分、5月3日13时53分和23时41分分别发生M_s6.7、M_s6.4和M_s6.2地震,到9月30日止,共发生M_L≥1.0地震21000余次,M_L≥2.0地震3428     

从水文地质条件探讨未来三峡水库发生构造型水库地震的可能性

从三峡水库区结晶岩区、沉积岩区和主要断裂的水文地质条件,即渗透性、聚积性看,未来三峡库区发生M_s≥4.0级构造型水库地震的可能性均较少。     

新疆两次Ms≥5.2级地震的重力固体潮观测异常

一、引言 1983年12月15日新疆和静东北发生了5.2级地震(42°48′,87°30′),1987年12月22日罗布泊发生了5.7级地震(φ_N41°20′,λ_E89°48′)。震前乌鲁木齐红山台GS—15—218重力仪均出现一个月以上较明显的短期异常,异常量约150μGal。同时重力潮汐响应也出现了明显的异常变化。 红山地震台重力仪1982年正式开始工作。工作基本连续,对周围350km,范围内发生的M_s≥5.0级以上的地震有一定的反映,上述是该仪器对应较好的两个震例。     

GRAVITY VARIATION BEFORE AND AFTER THE MS5.4 EARTHQUAKE IN CANGWU IN 2016

Based on the mobile gravity observation data in 2014-2016 in Guangxi and its adjacent areas, this paper systematically analyzed the changes of regional gravity field and its relation to the M_S5.4 Cangwu, Guangxi earthquake on July 31, 2016, and combined with GPS observation data and seismic geological survey results, discussed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the changes of regional gravity field and its mechanism. The results show that:(1) Before and after the M_S5.4 Cangwu earthquake, the gravity anomaly changes near the earthquake area were closely related to the major faults in space, which reflects the crustal deformation and tectonic activities that caused the surface gravity change along the seismogenic fault in the period of 2014-2016; (2) The gravity changes near the epicenter before and after the M_S5.4 Cangwu earthquake showed an evolution process in which the positive gravity anomaly zone changed to the negative gravity anomaly zone, a gravity gradient belt appeared along NNE direction and the earthquake occurred in its reverse change process; (3) The epicenter of the M_S5.4 Cangwu earthquake located both near the gravity gradient belt and in the zero transition zone of the surface strain gradient and the edge of the high maximum shear strain rate area, the observational fact further proved that the dynamic image of gravitational field and deformation field have important instruction significance to the location prediction of strong earthquakes; (4) in recent years, the gravity dynamic change in northwestern Guangxi presented a four-quadrant distribution pattern, and there is the risk of generating earthquake of magnitude about 5 in the center of the quadrants.     

新疆中强地震序列特征参数与主震震级的统计关系

系统分析了1970~2007年间新疆境内70个5级以上地震序列的余震持续时间和余震区长轴与主震震级的统计关系,以及主震破裂方式对余震时空特征参数的影响。研究结果表明,新疆及分区地震带余震持续时间和余震区长轴分别与主震震级弱相关,主震震级较低时两者关系离散,震级较高时则呈线性增强。不同的地震带这种线性关系存在差异,对于相同的主震震级,天山地震带余震持续时间一般大于西昆仑地震带,而余震区长轴前者小于后者。新疆地区主震破裂方式对余震的持续时间影响不大,但对余震区长轴影响较大,走滑型主震余震区长轴一般大于逆断型地震。     

乌鲁木齐—沙湾一带地震活动特点的初步研究

采用b值时间扫描及地震复发周期等统计方法,对乌鲁木齐至沙湾一带1977年以来的地震观测资料进行了计算分析。初步结果表明:研究区域内5.0级以上中强地震发生前,b值均出现不同程度的负异常。利用地震复发周期计算公式和未来地震震级定量计算公式,得到区内不同震级区间的平均复发周期及今后2年左右可能发生的最大地震震级。     

APPARENT STRESS VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS BEFORE AND AFTER BADONG EARTHQUAKE IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA

The causes of earthquakes in the Three Gorges reservoir area are complex. In order to study the cause of earthquakes happening in the region, we calculated the source parameters of 394 M_L ≥ 2.0 earthquakes occurring in Three Gorges reservoir area based on waveform data observed by the regional seismic network of Hubei Province and Three Gorges, obtained the apparent stress spatial-temporal variation map of Three Gorges reservoir area, and analyzed apparent stress spatial-temporal variation characteristics before and after the main earthquakes in the Three Gorges reservoir area. The results show that:1)Before the Badong M_L5.5, Zigui M_L4.7 and Zigui M_L5.1 earthquake, high apparent stress of earthquakes with different magnitudes is concentrated in Xinhua-Shuitianba Fault and Gaoqiao Fault. The distribution of high value area shows the high degree of synergism before the earthquake and the scattering after the earthquake, which indicates that the area accumulated a high stress before the earthquake, and the fault was in a locked state; 2)In the study area, the apparent stress before and after the earthquake showed significant rise in the first and then decline, the earthquake occurred in the process of rising; 3)Apparent stress depth profiles show that apparent stress at different depths has a positive correlation with the size of magnitude of earthquake, and the phenomenon of "small magnitude and strong apparent stress" did not appear. The small earthquakes occurring after the major earthquakes in the study area belong to low strain release under the background of low stress release, and there are no new apparent stress anomaly concentration areas appearing, this indicates that the Badong-Gaoqiao Fault, Zhoujiashan-Niukou Fault and Zigui Xiannushan Fault have been effective in releasing after the Badong earthquake and Zigui earthquakes and the probability of destructive earthquake is small on these faults.     

新丰江水库库区形变测量与地震活动关系探讨

广东省新丰江水库地区1962年3月19日发生 Ms=6.1的地震.地震前后,库坝区分别布设了水准测量网和三角测量网.形变测量具有精度高、测期密的特点.本文通过对不动点的处理,得出新的形变场并讨论了它的特点;根据各相邻期的三角测量结果计算了各三角形的主应变;依据地震时的应变对一次5.3级的地震的发震断层作了反演.结果表明,地壳水平形变与新丰江水库地区4级以上地震有明显的关系,垂直形变与这些地震无明显关系.      

2015年尼泊尔M_S8.1地震的地壳重力均衡背景与地表形变响应特征

对2015年尼泊尔MS8.1地震的地壳均衡背景及其引起的地表形变特征进行了研究,结果表明:(1)尼泊尔MS8.1地震震中以南的印度板块岩石圈有效弹性厚度大约为9km,加载主要来自地幔;地震以北的拉萨地块岩石圈有效弹性厚度大约为2km,加载主要来自地表.(2)尼泊尔MS8.1地震震中以南地区的地壳均衡异常大约为-100mGal(10-5 m·s-2),但其北部的地壳均衡异常则为300~400mGal,尼泊尔MS8.1地震发生在地壳均衡负异常向正异常过渡的高梯度带上.(3)尼泊尔MS8.1地震使震中周围地区的地壳整体向南运动,最大水平位移超过1.5m,分布在震中东南.震中以北的同震垂向位移总体为负值,最大下降幅度超过0.5m,同震重力变化总体为正值,最大超过60μGal(10-8 m·s-2);震中以南的垂向位移总体为正值,最大升幅超过0.7m,同震重力变化总体为负值,最大降幅超过-120μGal.(4)尼泊尔MS8.1地震使"世界屋脊"喜马拉雅山脉产生沉降,最大同震降幅超过120mm,震后松弛效应将使"世界屋脊"持续缓慢下降.该强震使世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰降低了2~3mm,有可能被GPS、InSAR等现代大地测量工具检测到.     

海城-岫岩地区较大地震前震源机制的比较

海城-岫岩地区是辽宁省小震、震群多发地区。本文选用1975年以来具有一定发震规模,且仪器记录相对较完整的3个显著震群（1975年海城7.3级,1999年岫岩5.4级和2008年海城ML4.8级地震）,将其较大地震前ML≥4.0级地震震源机制结果进行比较,发现海城7.3级和岫岩5.4级地震前ML≥4.0级地震震源机制解与主震有较好的一致性,而2008年11月海城4.8级地震前ML≥4.0级地震震源机制一致性较差。我们对能否借鉴前震震源机制一致性的差异快速判断中强震发展的趋势,进行了探讨和研究。     

STUDY ON DYNAMIC CHANGE OF GRAVITY FIELD IN XIANSHUIHE FAULT ZONE AND THEIR RELATION TO THE OCCURRENCE OF MS ≥ 5.0 EARTHQUAKES

Xianshuihe Fault, a main strong earthquake activity belt in southwest China, begins from Ganzi in the northwest, passes through Luhuo, Daofu, and Kangding, and then extents along the Dadu River valley. The fault is divided into two parts at Shimian, one part turns to south and converses to Anninghe Fault extending further to south, the other part, continuing to extend to southeast, cutting through Xiaoxiangling and then changing to Daliangshan Faults in the north of the Yuexi Basin, has the length of about 400km. Since 1700AD, there have happened 22 earthquakes larger than magnitude 6.0 and 8 earthquakes larger than magnitude 7.0. In this paper, we systematically collated and computed the gravity repetition measurement data along the Xianshuihe fault zone since 1988, and by referring to the anomaly index of gravity field of the predecessor achievements, analyzed the spatial-temporal variation of the regional gravity field and the relation to the occurrence of ≥ M_S5.0 earthquakes. The mechanism of the regional gravity changes is further studied, and also the implication of strong earthquake risk because of the dynamic variation of gravity field in the near future is discussed.The results show that:1)The mobile gravity observation has the ability to detect crustal activity and M_S ≥ 5.0 earthquake events. 2)There is definite correspondence between interannual gravitational field change and the 8 earthquakes among the 13 M_S ≥ 5.0 earthquakes occurring in the surveying area since 1988, which can be determined according to the change of interannual gravitational field. Three M ≥ 6.0 earthquakes occurred 3~4 years after the abnormal image was developed, 4 earthquakes that occurred in the region of no data available were not determined. 3)A significant feature of the spatial-temporal variation of the regional gravity is a north-south run-through image before 2004, and characterized by the alternatively positive or negative variation in different year, the earthquakes of M_S ≥ 5.0 occurring in this period were not distributed along the fault. Gravity variation magnitude indicates that there were two similar crustal material movement waves before 2004, corresponding to the course of earthquake space-time distribution from strong to weak in the study area. After 2010, the variation image shows that the local positive and negative zones are concurrent within a year, different from the image before 2004, and earthquakes of M_S ≥ 5.0 basically occurred on the fault. It is believed that the variation of gravity field since 1988 and the seismic distribution fit with the geodynamic mode of strong and weak stages of the northeast motion of Indian plate. According to the conclusion we can try to optimize gravity anomaly index. After the Kangding earthquake in 2014, the north segment of Moxi Fault was still subject to negative high value changes till 2017 and then the gravity variation was further developed to a four quadrant distribution image. Based on the analysis of this paper and the previous variation trend of gravity field, we believe that the north segment of Moxi Fault has the background of medium-long term, strong or large earthquake risk.     

澜沧地震前昆明弥渡重力场变化特征

本文用澜沧—耿马地震前后昆明台和弥渡台的重力固体潮观测资料对震前昆明、弥渡的重力场进行了潮汐变化和非潮汐变化的分析研究。研究表明澜沧—耿马地震前昆明、弥渡的重力场变化有如下特征:1.重力值变化和重力值差分值变化不明显。2.重力潮汐因子有较明显的负异常变化。3.重力潮汐因子变化的异常时间和1976年5月29日龙陵7.3、7.4级地震异常时间半年多接近;异常的最大变幅处于同一量级,但澜沧地震前昆明台的最大变幅4.7%比龙陵地震前的最大变幅3.4%稍大。4.重力潮汐因子变化有较明显的中期异常,短期异常也有一定反映,但临震异常不明显。     

地震前地磁垂直分量变化特征及其成因的讨论

本文分析了1976年7月28日唐山7.8级地震和1982年4月14日海原5.5级地震前的地磁变化。指出地震前地磁垂直分量减小的变化可能是高电导带附近的地震地磁前兆的一种特征。同时认为,这种地磁变化的原因可能是由于地幔物质对流导致居里等温面的变化所引起的。