Landfill site selection by decision-making tools based on fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making method

Landfill site selection is a complex and time-consuming process, which requires evaluation of several factors where many different attributes are taken into account. Decision makers always have some difficulties in making the right decision in the multiple attribute environments. After identifying candidate sites, these sites should be ranked using decision-making methods. This study applies Chang’s fuzzy AHP-based multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) method for selection of the best site of landfills based on a set of decision criteria. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was designed to make pairwise comparisons of selected criteria by domain experts for assigning weights to the decision criteria. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to make pairwise comparisons and assign weights to the decision criteria. It is easier for a decision maker to describe a value for an alternative by using linguistic terms and fuzzy numbers. In the fuzzy-based AHP method, the rating of each alternative was described using the expression of triangular fuzzy membership functions. Once the global weights of the criteria is calculated by AHP, they are incorporated into the decision matrices composed by decision maker and passed to fuzzy-AHP method which is used to determine preference order of siting alternatives. In this study, a computer program based on the Chang’s fuzzy method was also developed in MATLAB environment for ranking and selecting the landfill site. As an example of the proposed methodology, four different hypothetical areas were chosen and implemented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the program. By using this program, the precision was improved in comparison with traditional methods and computational time required for ranking and selecting the suitable landfill site was significantly reduced.     

Typhoon disaster assessment based on Dombi hesitant fuzzy information aggregation operators

Hesitant fuzzy set is an extension of the traditional fuzzy set, and it has the membership function which was expressed by several possible numbers. Since it was introduced, it has been received wide attention from scholars due to its powerful ability in describing the uncertainty. In this paper, we first introduce some new operations on hesitant fuzzy elements (HFEs) based on Dombi t-conorm and t-norm and then proposed some new aggregation operators for HFEs, such as hesitant fuzzy Dombi weighted averaging, hesitant fuzzy Dombi ordered weighted averaging, hesitant fuzzy Dombi weighted geometric, hesitant fuzzy Dombi ordered weighted geometric, hesitant fuzzy Dombi hybrid averaging and hesitant fuzzy Dombi hybrid geometric operator. Finally, a multiple attribute group decision-making approach under hesitant fuzzy environment is presented based on these proposed operators. A real example about typhoon disaster assessment is presented to show the advantages of the proposed method.     

Ranking of productivity improvement strategies in Iran mineral sector based on integrated SWOT-FAHP-FTOPSIS analysis

The Iran’s mineral sector, as a major supplier of mineral industries, plays a central role on Iran economy. Promoting the productivity in this area leads to the enhancement of the business environment. Also, it can influence the production chain and minerals value added. In this study, a comprehensive study was conducted on the major barriers/drivers factors affecting the efficiency in the mining sector. Furthermore, 16 key factors were identified using the expert views. These parameters are divided into four main categories: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. In addition, a hierarchy model was designed in which the mentioned four efficient strategic parameters were implemented and the SWOT analysis was applied, as well as the nine macro strategies were determined. In order to prioritize these strategies, multiple steps were carried out. First, the subfactors were weighted by implementing the fuzzy multi attribute decision-making technique by combining the experts’ views and triangular fuzzy numbers. Subsequently, the strategies were prioritized by employing the group Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model. The sensitive analysis of the results presents some minor changes in score of the alternatives, but no alteration was affected in the prioritized strategies. The results revealed the importance of resource allocation strategies related to the existing investments as well as supporting and facilitating the new technology in the mining sector.     

Decision making under uncertainty using a qualitative TOPSIS method for selecting sustainable energy alternatives

Multi-criteria decision-making methods support decision makers in all stages of the decision-making process by providing useful data. However, criteria are not always certain as uncertainty is a feature of the real world. MCDM methods under uncertainty and fuzzy systems are accepted as suitable techniques in conflicting problems that cannot be represented by numerical values, in particular in energy analysis and planning. In this paper, a modified TOPSIS method for multi-criteria group decision-making with qualitative linguistic labels is proposed. This method addresses uncertainty considering different levels of precision. Each decision maker’s judgment on the performance of alternatives with respect to each criterion is expressed by qualitative linguistic labels. The new method takes into account linguistic data provided by the decision makers without any previous aggregation. Decision maker judgments are incorporated into the proposed method to generate a complete ranking of alternatives. An application in energy planning is presented as an illustrative case example in which energy policy alternatives are ranked. Seven energy alternatives under nine criteria were evaluated according to the opinion of three environmental and energy experts. The weights of the criteria are determined by fuzzy AHP, and the alternatives are ranked using qualitative TOPSIS. The proposed approach is compared with a modified fuzzy TOPSIS method, showing the advantages of the proposed approach when dealing with linguistic assessments to model uncertainty and imprecision. Although the new approach requires less cognitive effort to decision makers, it yields similar results.     

路基下岩溶稳定性评价的模糊多层次多属性决策方法研究

影响高速公路路基下岩溶稳定性的因素很多,影响程度各不相同且包含各种模糊信息。基于实际工程资料,综合运用层次分析方法和模糊多属性决策方法,建立路基下岩溶顶板稳定性评价的模糊多层次多属性决策模型;采用Laagoven和Buckley关于层次分析方法中权重比矩阵元素模糊化的建议,推导出权重比矩阵元素为三角模糊数的模糊权值向量计算公式,再按照模糊平均加权方法（F-SAW）得到每个评语的模糊效应值;最后以此结果进行模糊集排序,得到岩溶顶板稳定性的评语。实际工程的应用结果表明了方法的可行性和有效性,为岩溶区路基稳定性评价提供了新的思路和方法。     

情景基础的水资源承载力多目标分析理论及应用

根据水资源承载力分析的结构特点,在传统多目标分析决策技术的基础上,结合黑河流域的具体情况,阐述了一种新的水资源承载力分析框架－情景分析。在承载力分析决定过程,情景分析主要扮演２个角色：提供供决策者决策分析的情景;帮助不同的利益团体在决策过程中辨潜在的折衷解。相比传统的多目标决策分析技术,情景分析方法更注重基础模型（后台情景）的建立和决策过程中决策者偏好的反映。详细介绍了黑河流域水资源承载力情景分析     

基坑支护方案的灰色模糊可变决策模型

针对影响基坑支护方案决策因素所具有的不确定性、模糊性以及影响因素与评价指标间的相互关联性特点,基于灰色理论和模糊数学理论,建立了基坑支护方案的灰色模糊可变决策模型。应用基于贴近度最大的组合赋权方法确定评价指标权重,并用集值统计法对定性指标进行量化,以解决影响模型决策结果准确程度的关键问题。工程实例分析表明,采用该模型更为科学、有效,易于实现程序化。更重要的是,该方法能够提高优选决策的合理性和可信度,为决策者提供有力的参考,具有一定推广和应用价值。     

Using fuzzy TOPSIS method for mineral processing plant site selection

Site selection for the mineral processing is the most important decision made by owner that has a significant impact on the efficiency of the whole process. This is a critical decision which involves considering a number of criteria and finding the best location among feasible alternatives. Therefore, a multicriteria decision-making method is necessary to apply site-selection process to find the best location that meet desired conditions set by the selection criteria. This paper presents an application of TOPSIS method based on fuzzy sets (fuzzy TOPSIS), which is one of the broader multicriteria decision making means, used to select an appropriate site for mineral processing plant for Sangan iron ore mine (phase 2). For this purpose, at first considering the geological, technical, economical, and environmental factors, three feasible alternatives were selected for the processing plant using Geographical Information System. Then, based on the technical and experimental experiences and through judgment of the decision makers and experts, 14 criteria were established and these alternatives were evaluated. Finally, the alternatives were ranked and the best location was recommended.     

山区公路隧道建设对地下水环境扰动评价研究

由于长大隧道建设期间具有显著地集水廊道效应,施工过程中地下水不断向隧道轴线汇集,进而诱发一系列的水文 地质灾害,给施工人员和隧址区周边的生态环境带来不可估量的损失。为此,在构建山区公路隧道建设对地下水环境扰动 评价体系的基础上,考虑到群决策不同个体实践认知水平的差异,把基于决策人员偏好信息的区间数层次分析模型用于山 区公路隧道建设对地下水的环境影响评价领域,并与模糊综合评判法进行有机结合,对西藏米拉山特长隧道建设对地下水 环境影响进行评价,结果表明,米拉山特长公路隧道建设对地下水的扰动程度属于一般水平。依据评价结果,采取了相 应的工程措施,实现了隧道建设与隧址区环境保护的协调统一,可为类似地区隧道建设的地下水环评工作提供有益的 参考。     

山区公路隧道建设对地下水环境扰动评价研究

由于长大隧道建设期间具有显著地集水廊道效应，施工过程中地下水不断向隧道轴线汇集，进而诱发一系列的水文 地质灾害，给施工人员和隧址区周边的生态环境带来不可估量的损失。为此，在构建山区公路隧道建设对地下水环境扰动 评价体系的基础上，考虑到群决策不同个体实践认知水平的差异，把基于决策人员偏好信息的区间数层次分析模型用于山 区公路隧道建设对地下水的环境影响评价领域，并与模糊综合评判法进行有机结合，对西藏米拉山特长隧道建设对地下水 环境影响进行评价，结果表明，米拉山特长公路隧道建设对地下水的扰动程度属于一般水平。依据评价结果，采取了相 应的工程措施，实现了隧道建设与隧址区环境保护的协调统一，可为类似地区隧道建设的地下水环评工作提供有益的 参考。     

模糊综合评判在拉萨地温开发地质环境评价中的应用

影响拉萨市浅层地温能地质环境质量的因素主要有地质环境背景、第四系及含水层因素、水量环境因素、水质环境因素等四大类,对四大类影响因素及其下一级因子进行层次分析和模糊数学模型的构建,确定其隶属度函数,计算各因子的权重值。利用GIS的属性赋值与空间分析,对地质环境质量评价区进行网格划分,计算出各网格单元的模糊质量指数值,绘制了模糊质量指数等值线,在此基础上对拉萨市浅层地温能地质环境质量进行了评价。     

MapX组件在煤系高岭岩（土）资源管理及评价中的应用初探

介绍了GIS体系结构和组件式GIS特点,在VisualBasic 6.0开发环境中与MapX组件集成开发了中国煤系高岭岩 (土)资源管理系统。系统实现了属性数据和空间数据的管理,具有二者的快速查询和定位,专题图渲染、鹰眼图浏览等功能。还结合模糊综合评判与层次分析法对中国煤系高岭岩(土)矿物品质进行了评价。      

大连市水资源、环境与经济协调可持续发展研究

分析了大连市水资源与经济系统的现状,将大连市水资源、环境与经济发展视为一个相互关联的巨系统,运用系统模糊决策、模糊优选神经网络、结合专业知识的大系统递阶优化等理论、模型与方法,建立了大连水资源开发与经济发展的协调管理模式,研究和探索了大连水资源、环境和经济协调可持续发展问题,得到大连地区2010年经济发展的满意方案。     

FRFI model application in groundwater non-point source pollution evaluation: a case study in the Luoyang Basin of North Henan province, China

The traditional non-point source (NPS) pollution models mainly focus on the flow path of NPS pollutants and attenuation during the flow. Extensive data set preparation and complex results analysis for these models are the most common problems encountered by the model user. In this study a new model, fuzzy-rough sets and fuzzy inference (FRFI), was introduced to evaluate groundwater NPS pollution. The proposed model involves two steps: the algorithm of fuzzy-rough sets attribute reduction (FRSAR) was applied to yield minimal decision rules from the fuzzy information system (FIS); the fuzzy inference technique was then used to forecast a groundwater synthesis pollution index based on the minimal decision rules. This model was applied in the Luoyang Basin, examining NPS pollution factors and hydrochemical variables data to validate the effectiveness of this model. The results indicate that it is only required to collect five NPS pollution factors or three hydrochemical variables; the groundwater synthesis pollution index can be predicted using the FRFI model. The prediction error is restricted to 2.9–6.1 % and 0.8–1.6 %, respectively. Therefore, the costs of computation and monitoring can be decreased, and the user is not required to prepare massive model parameters for the FRFI model. According to analyze the correlation between NPS pollution factors and hydrochemical variables, prevention measures are provided for treatment of the endemic disease and eutrophication. The FRFI model can be suitable for groundwater NPS pollution evaluation systems.     

Application of fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making to select and to rank the post-mining land-use

The selection of an optimal reclamation method is one of the most important portions of the surface mining design. There are many factors in this problem which seriously influence decision-making. The fuzzy set theory was applied due to the effect of uncertain parameters involved in the decision-making process. Therefore, the fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making method was proposed. The aim of this study is to use the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method for ranking the optimal post-mining land-use and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method in order to determine the weights of each criterion. This approach is applied to the surface coal mine by employing 28 criteria which influence the decision-making procedure. The TOPSIS and AHP methods have been the most used methods of mining decision-making and demonstrated their ability to make critical decisions. By evaluating the alternatives and considering effective criteria with proposed methods, agriculture is the optimal post-mining land-use.     

四川卡拉水电站坝址方案优选研究

针对卡拉水电站坝址比选问题,本文基于滑坡风险评价和模糊多属性决策两个方面,分别对坝址比选进行了分析和评价。在滑坡危险性分析、易损性分析和破坏性评价的基础上,通过对滑坡体造成的破坏损失评价,得出基于风险评价的坝址比选结果。同时因坝址方案比选影响因素繁多,建立了坝址方案指标评价体系,对指标进行量化,采用两两比较赋权法确定指标权重,基于模糊多属性决策进行分析得出判断结果。两种方法的比选结果均表明在三个坝址方案中以上坝址方案为最优。     

A new linguistic quantifier knowledge-guided OWA approach for mineral prospectivity mapping: a case study of the Bavanat Region,Iran

The main purpose of this study is to introduce a geographic information system (GIS)-based, multi-criteria decision analysis method for selection of favourable environments for Besshi-type volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VHMS) deposits. The approach integrates two multi-criteria decision methods (analytical hierarchy process and ordered weighted averaging) and theory of fuzzy sets, within a GIS environment, to solve the problem of big suggested areas and missing known ore deposits in favourable environment maps for time and cost reduction. We doubled the fuzzy linguistic variables’ significance as a method to apply the arrange weights that the analytical hierarchy process (AHP)-ordered weighted averaging (OWA) hybrid procedure depends on. Another aim of this work is to assist mineral deposit exploration by modelling existing uncertainty in decision-making. Both AHP and fuzzy logic methods are knowledge-based, and they are affected by decision maker judgments. We used data-driven OWA approach in a hybrid method for solving this problem. We applied a new knowledge-guided OWA approach on data with changing linguistic variables according to the mineral system for VHMS deposits. Additionally, we used a vector-based method combination, which increased the precision of results. Results of knowledge-guided OWA showed that all of the mines and discovered deposits have been predicted with 100% accuracy in half of the size of the suggested area. To summarize, results improved the selection of possible target sites and increased the accuracy of results as well as reducing the time and cost, which will be used for field exploration. Finally, the hybrid methods with a knowledge-guided OWA approach have delivered more reliable results compared to exclusively knowledge-driven or data-driven methods. The study proved that expert knowledge and processed data (information) are critical important keys to exploration, and both of them should be applied in hybrid methods for reaching reliable results in mineral prospectivity mapping.     

基于Rough集理论的矿井突水规则获取

以突水样例的一个子集为例,采用可变精度的Rough集模型,经过对原始决策信息表的数据预处理、属性约简、值约简和规则生成等主要步骤,最终获得了与该样例子集相适应的若干突水规则,这些规则较好地覆盖了该样例子集所包含的突水信息,具有同等的分类决策效果。      

三角模糊数型边坡支护方案评价模型及其应用

由于边坡支护方案评价时掌握的信息不充分,资料不全,加之问题本身的复杂性、不确定性以及人类思维的模糊性,方案的评价值往往难以精确表达,用三角模糊数的形式表示更合理。针对属性值用三角模糊数表示的边坡支护方案优选问题,提出了一种基于集对分析联系数的三角模糊数型方案综合评价模型。首先,根据集对分析中的联系数理论,利用三角模糊数的中值及上下确界所限定的取值区间,将三角模糊数转化为联系数;然后,根据联系数的加法和乘法定义,建立了联系数决策模型;按照综合决策值大小即可得到最优方案。该模型既考虑了三角模糊数的中值,又兼顾了三角模糊数的上下确界,即联系数的差异度,更具有客观性、合理性。实例应用表明,该模型算理清晰,计算简便,结论与实际相符。     

深基坑支护结构设计的优化方法

对深基坑支护方案和所选支护类型细部结构的设计计算两个方面的优化进行了探讨。运用多目标决策模糊集理论和层次分析法来优选具有多种属性和模糊特性的深基坑支护方案。通过确定决策变量、目标函数、约束条件（如强度、尺寸、位移等）和优化算法等来优选所选定的支护类型细部结构,达到成本最低的目的。利用软件Matlab 6.5比较容易求解这样一个非线性有约束的多元函数的最小值。工程实例研究表明：在优化深基坑支护方案和支护类型的细部结构方面有很好的效果。