Radio Sources in the Central Section of the RZF Catalog. Search for Objects with Ultra-Steep Spectra

Results of reducing and selecting data from the Ratan Zenith Field (RZF) are presented. A deep survey in the region 0^h ≤ R.A. ≤ 24^h, 40.5° ≤ DEC ≤ 42.5° carried out on the RATAN-600 radio telescope was used. Within +2′ of the center of the survey region, 448 objects were detected, 69 of them with ultra-steep spectra (USS). The SDSS digital optical survey (DR12), NVSS radio maps, and the FIRST catalogs have been used to cross-identify 208 radio sources from the RZF catalog, obtained as part of the “Genetic Code of the Universe” project. The characteristics of these objects are studied, and the distribution of the SDSS galaxies in a two-color diagram is obtained. Photometric redshifts and radio luminosities at 3940 and 1400 MHz are determined for 27 objects with spectral indices α < −1.1 (S ∝ ν^α) for which magnitudes in various filters are presented in the SDSS. In the sample of USS objects, 12 galaxies have redshifts z < 0.5, are detected at wavelength λ = 7.6 cm, and have relatively high radio luminosities (type FR II or intermediate type FR I–FR II). Only one radio galaxy proved to be a rare nearby galaxy with relatively low radio luminosity L_{1400 MHz} = 1.51 × 10²⁴ W/Hz (type FR I). Two objects are candidate GHz-Peaked Spectrum objects.

     

天文题材在现代首饰设计中的应用

在现今科学与艺术相互渗透的时代,天文题材已广泛地应用到现代首饰设计中。简单介绍了天文题材首饰在首饰设计比赛和品牌首饰系列的实例,分析了天文题材首饰的造型与涵义。将分析得出的3个要点＂科技时代的浪漫和情趣、数理之美的充分体现、时代进步的精神与开拓未来的梦想＂,有选择地融入到个人的4款首饰设计作品中,并结合灵感来源与材料浅析了天文题材在首饰设计中的应用。总结天文题材首饰的设计要点,有助于设计者设计出能满足现代人审美需求的新作品。     

福建明溪蓝宝石的红外光谱研究

福建省明溪的蓝宝石颜色以蓝绿色和黄绿色为主。颜色不均匀,蓝色宝石中常见黄色的色带或色块。二色性明显。在紫外—可见吸收光谱中,明溪蓝宝石的吸收带出现在３７７、３８８、４５１、５１０、５７０、和８１０ｎｍ处。其中黄色主要是由４５１ｎｍ吸收引起的,蓝色与５７０ｎｍ和８１０ｎｍ吸收带有关。蓝宝石具有较高的ＦｅＯ和较低的ＴｉＯ２。ＦｅＯ的平均含量为１－３４％,ＴｉＯ２的含量为０－０７％。电子探针分析没有发现ＦｅＯ和ＴｉＯ２含量与颜色之间有明显的相关性［１］。一些学者曾发现,不同颜色蓝宝石的红外光谱特征有所…     

On Some Issues of Cross-Identification of Astronomical Catalogs

Astronomy Reports - The paper deals with the issues of cross-identification of sources from various astronomical catalogs. One of the main problems under consideration is how to cross-identify a...     

Astronomical theory of climatic change: Status and problem

Quaternary paleotemperatures and sea level records, from both deep sea cores and dated shorelines, provide the basis for testing the Milankovitch hypothesis of climatic change. The longest and most detailed records include (1) oxygen isotope analyses of Caribbean and Atlantic deep sea cores, (2) paleoecological analyses of the same cores, and (3) radiometrically dated raised coral reefs from New Guinea and elsewhere, representing times of relatively high Quaternary sea levels. Time-domain and frequency-domain analysis of these records, shows with a high degree of certainty that Quaternary climatic changes are strongly influenced by the obliquity perturbations and precession of the Earth's orbit. The same analyses also suggest that the time scale adopted by Emiliani for deep sea cores may be more nearly correct than alternative time scales of other workers.The question of whether insolation changes arising from orbital perturbations can generate ice ages, has been disputed by climatologists. It is shown here that orbital perturbations cannot affect climate indirectly through agencies originating within the Earth, such as vulcanism, and that the primary climatic control is therefore through variation of insolation distribution, as Milankovitch suggested. The conclusion is that climatologic theory must accommodate these facts.     

The Circulation Effect of Flow around Objects in Marine and Atmospheric Environments

Doklady Earth Sciences - Analytical expressions are obtained describing the hydrodynamic response to the circulation of flow of a two-layer fluid of finite depth around a point dipole. The...     

冰期天文理论研究中的几个问题

在冰期天理论风靡的同时，尚有如下几个问题应予更多的注意：冰期究竟对应地球轨道的高偏心率还是低偏心率？究竟是夏季还是冬季温度对冰期起决定作用？为何南北两半球冰期同步而与岁差理论相悖？本归纳阐述这些问题，以期引起同行们进一步探讨。     

湖相叠层石纹层生长节律记录的天文周期信号

对采自青藏高原北部渐新统雅西措组中的叠层石样品进行了研究,通过切面观察和薄片鉴定,确定这些叠层石具有典型的富藻生物纹层和富屑碎屑纹层交替的显微结构特征,纹层生长带呈阶段式波状和柱状产出。采用样品数字图像的灰度值作为计量纹层个数和纹层厚度变化的指标,提取了4件样品的显微纹层厚度变化序列。根据功率谱分析结果,认为叠层石纹层层偶为年际生长纹层,纹层层偶的厚度变化与太阳黑子活动的11年天文周期具有一定的联系,提出湖相环境中叠层石的生长节律记录了太阳活动驱动的气候与环境变化的信息。      

Astronomical time scale of the Turonian constrained by multiple paleoclimate proxies

One of the clocks that record the Earth history is(quasi-) periodic astronomical cycles.These cycles influence the climate that can be ultimately stored in sedimentary rocks.By cracking these(quasi-) periodic sedimentation signals,high resolution astronomical time scale(ATS) can be obtained.Paleoclimate proxies are widely used to extract astronomical cycles.However different proxies may respond differently to astronomical signals and nonastronomical noises including tectonics,diagenesis,and measurement error among others.Astronomical time scale constructed based on a single proxy where its signal-to-noise ratio is low may have uncertainty that is difficult to evaluate but can be revealed by utilizing other proxies.Here,we test eight astronomical age models using two astrochro no logical methods from four paleoclimate proxies(i.e.,color reflection L~* and b~*,natural gamma radiation,and bulk density) from the Turonian to the Coniacian of the Cretaceous Period at the Demerara Rise in the equatorial Atlantic.The two astrochronological methods are time calibration using long eccentricity bandpass filtering(E1 bandpass) and tracking the long eccentricity from evolutive harmonic analysis(tracking EHA).The statistical mean and standard deviation of four age models from the four proxies are calculated to construct one integrated age model with age uncertainty in each method.Results demonstrate that extracting astronomical signals from multiple paleoclimate proxies is a valid method to estimate age model uncertainties.Anchored at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary with an age of 93.9 ± 0.15 Ma from biostratigraphy,the ages for CC11/CC12(calcareous nannofossil zones),Turonian/Coniacian(CC12/CC13),CC13/CC14,and Coniacian/Santonian boundaries are 91.25±0.20 Ma,89.87±0.20 Ma,86.36±0.33 Ma,and 86.03±0.32 Ma in E1 bandpass method,compared with 91.17±0.36 Ma,89.74±0.38 Ma,86.13±1.31 Ma,and 85.80±1.33 Ma respectively in tracking EHA method.These results are consistent with previous studies within error and provide a reliable estimation of uncertainties of the ages.     

工程监测数据处理及监测对象安全性预测系统

以基坑监测为例利用计算机技术建立工程监测数据处理及安全性预测系统。系统共分二部分,一是信息化及规范化数据处理,即从监测的野外数据库出发通过关联建立一系列计算结果数据库,输出报表及相应的曲线图形;二是预测监测对象的安全性,即通过对各数据库中的特征值的提取,用模糊预测方法预测监测对象的安全性。     

云龙锡矿锡石的振动光谱和电子顺磁共振谱研究

本文用振动光谱和电子顺磁共振谱研究了云龙锡矿锡石的谱学特征。根据红外光谱的谱形、吸收频率和吸收峰强度特征,将云龙锡矿锡石的红外光谱划分成两种类型:A型谱和B型谱。红外光谱特征的研究结合宏观地质特征的研究表明:氧化物阶段锡石的红外光谱为A型谱,硫化物阶段锡石的红外光谱为B型谱。随着锡石成分和结构的变化,锡石的拉曼光谱的谱型、振动频率也发生变化,反映了锡石的成矿条件的差异。云龙锡矿锡石的EPR谱研究表明,云龙锡石中含有呈类质同象进入锡石晶格的V~(4+),根据V~(4+)的稳定场研究,云龙锡石主要形成于相对碱性和偏还原的条件下。     

沁水盆地石炭纪-二叠纪海陆交互相含煤旋回的天文周期驱动

沁水盆地石炭纪-二叠纪海陆过渡相含煤岩系发育明显的旋回性, 这些沉积旋回与天文周期信号有良好的对应关系。本研究基于古气候替代指标自然伽马(GR)测井数据, 通过Acycle软件进行时间序列分析, 识别其中的天文周期信号, 并建立经405 ka长偏心率校准的天文年代标尺。根据频谱分析确定出沁水盆地4个钻孔剖面晚石炭世至早二叠世的405 ka长偏心率周期、92.4~128.7 ka的短偏心率周期、33.5~48.1 ka的地轴斜率周期以及19.7~23.2 ka的岁差周期, 这些周期参数与石炭纪-二叠纪天文轨道旋回周期相近, 说明相关沉积记录受到地球轨道周期的驱动。根据天文轨道周期约束的浮动天文年代标尺, 可将区内含煤岩系沉积时限约束在6.9 Ma。对层序地层格架和年代标尺的综合分析表明, 沁水盆地本溪组顶界沉积年龄为300.00 Ma, 太原组沉积年龄为300.00~295.28 Ma, 山西组为295.28~293.95 Ma, 据此计算出的层序1沉积时限为1500 ka, 沉积速率约为2.7 cm/ka, 该时期主要发育潟湖及滨外碳酸盐陆棚相; 层序2沉积时限为4070 ka, 沉积速率约为3.0 cm/ka, 该时期沉积相以潮坪、潟湖及滨外陆棚为主, 并向三角洲相过渡; 层序3沉积时限为1330 ka, 沉积速率3.7 cm/ka, 发育三角洲相。沉积速率总体呈现逐渐加快的趋势, 且海陆过渡相地层沉积速率较海相地层快。本研究建立的天文年代标尺可为区内含煤岩系古环境演化分析提供高分辨率的年代地层格架。

     

中三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地富有机质页岩发育的天文调控

地球轨道周期引起的气候波动是富有机质页岩发育的重要驱动因素。陆相页岩沉积相变快, 非均质性强, 天文信号识别和解译面临一定挑战。在中三叠世拉丁期, 鄂尔多斯盆地广泛发育了长7段富有机质页岩, 是研究陆相有机碳埋藏和古气候变化的优良素材。本研究选取鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡南部Y1011钻孔中三叠统长7段地层为分析对象。长7段取芯长度为65.93 m, 主要岩性为黑色页岩、灰色粉砂岩和灰黑色泥质粉砂岩组合。使用便携式X射线荧光光谱仪在长7段岩芯表面测得1265条数据, 使用碳/氮分析仪获取了长7段207块岩芯样品的总有机碳(TOC)与总氮(TN)含量。结果显示, TOC变化范围为0.38%~14.87%, C/N比值范围为3.98~15.63, 表明浮游藻类是沉积物有机质的主要来源, 同时部分混合了陆生维管束植物的贡献; 通过长7段Rb/Sr与TOC时间序列的频谱分析, 识别出稳定的地球轨道周期信号; 对最显著的21.8 m沉积旋回进行天文调谐, 获得长7段沉积持续时间约为1.29 Ma; 结合高精度年龄锚点, 揭示出长7段底界面和顶界面的年龄分别为241.56±0.22 Ma和240.27±0.22 Ma。长7段页岩沉积非均质性特征、古生产力与有机质保存旋回变化的响应周期均为405 ka; 偏心率对岁差具有调制作用, 通过驱动季风降雨与大陆风化的波动, 控制湖盆初级生产力输入旋回。对硫酸盐还原指数(SRI)时间序列提取到405 ka旋回, 揭示了有机质的消耗与保存在地球轨道力影响下的周期性演化。在405 ka长偏心率高值时期, 高生产力与保存条件的耦合有利于长7段页岩有机质富集。拉丁期湿润气候事件与秦岭造山带火山活动等地质事件对富有机质页岩沉积具有协同控制作用。本研究为探索地球多圈层相互作用控制的陆相有机碳埋藏提供了案例参考。

     

墨铜矿的穆斯堡尔谱特征

墨铜矿是典型的异类矿物结构基元层间层矿物．在其结构中，Ｆｅ可占据硫化物层中四次配位和氢氧化物层中六次配位两种位置。本文通过穆斯堡尔谱研究，确定了墨铜矿的穆斯堡尔谱谱型，并认为高自旋的Ｆｅ２＋占据四次配位位置，与Ｃｕ离子一起可能呈无序占位，配位环境的对称性较低，谱参数为：ＩＳ＝０．４２－０．４８ｍｍ／ｓ、ＱＳ＝０．８１－１．２８ｍｍ／ｓ及Ｈｉ约为２４０ＫＯｅ；低自旋的Ｆｅ３＋占据六配位位置，ＩＳ值为０．３２－０．３６ｍｍ／ｓ、ＱＳ值为０．４４－０．５９ｍｍ／ｓ。     

天文事件与一种超高压变质杂岩成因的地球动力学模式

超高压变质杂岩成因模式的关键是折返机制的解释,笔者将天文事件作为一种地球动力学模式来解释超高压变质杂岩的成因,较好地阐明了这个关键问题。该“天文模式”认为超高压变质杂岩分形成、折返和剥露三个阶段形成。天体撞击陆壳所产生的高温高压形成超高压变质杂岩;撞击后新的动力平衡使陆壳重熔的片麻岩里携超高压变质杂岩沿撞击形成的压力薄弱部位向地表折返运移;后期表层的剥蚀使超高压变质杂岩剥露。     

High resolution OH observations of Extended Green Objects

Themaser pumping schemes proposed for the various OH lines may not be as clear-cut as they once seemed. The main OH lines, at 1665 and 1667 MHz, are thought to be radiatively pumped, with the radiation typically coming from nearby ultracompact HII regions. Recently, a new class of main-line maser has been posited, collisionally pumped by shocks due to molecular outflows. The W3(OH)/W3(OH)-TW system is the archetype: traditional OH masers are excited by theW3(OH) ultracompact HII region, while collisionally pumped OH masers arise in the younger object W3(OH)-TW, which is driving an outflow. The 1720 MHz OH satellite line maser, typically found in SNR–cloud interaction regions, is thought to be collisionally pumped, as are class I methanol masers found in star formation regions. Thus it is plausible that these two masers arise in similar (shocked gas) circumstances. In this study we observe all four OH transitions in the direction of Extended Green Objects (EGOs) that trace shocked gas (possibly from outflows) in high-mass star formation regions. Previous studies have found a high incidence of class I methanol maser emission in these objects, suggesting that OH(1720) masers might also be abundant in this sample. Observations of 20 northern EGOs (δ > −17°) were carried out with the Jansky Very Large Array of all four ground state OH transitions, the HI line, and the 20 centimeter continuum. Positive detection of OH lines was obtained for 10 EGOs: OH lines at 1665 and 1667 MHz were detected toward 45% of the sample. The stellar OH line at 1612 MHz was detected toward 15% of the sample. The 1720 MHz emission line was detected in only one EGO source, G45.47+0.07, which is also presents the strongest main-line OH emission of our sample. We measure the projected separations between OH masers and GLIMPSE point sources associated with EGOs (median value 0.04 pc), betweenOH and class II methanol masers (median value 0.03 pc), and between OH and class I methanol masers (median value 0.14 pc), thus confirming previous findings that class I methanol masers are located further from exciting sources than areOH and class II methanol masers. Bearing in mind the theoretical incompatibility of class I and class II methanol maser pumping schemes, and the obtained separations between class I methanol masers and other masers in the EGOs, we conclude that class I methanol masers do not co-exist with GLIMPSE point sources, OH and class II methanol masers in one and the same core. Rather, we suggest that the class I masers arise in distinct but neighboring cores, about 1 pc distant, and in a different evolutionary state.

     

Analysis of the optics of the 2.5-m telescope of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute

The results of alignment and acceptance tests of the optics system of the 2.5-m telescope installed at the Caucausus Mountain Observatory of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute in 2013–2015 are reported. The optical elements of the Ritchey–Chrétien system of the telescope were manufactured by REOSC (France). Measurements of aberrations were carried out using a specially manufactured Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor. Adjustment of the load-distribution mechanisms of the primary mirror and automatic correction for bending of the structure have made it possible to achieve the target image quality at all operational positions of the telescope, corresponding to 80% of the energy being concentrated in a circle 0.3″ in diameter. Factory interferograms of the mirrors and methods for measuring their abberation using stellar images are presented.     

论盐湖学

根据当代盐湖科学研究发展的特点和社会的需求,笔者提出有必要建立符合盐湖资源科学的新研究体系,称之为"盐湖学(Salinology)".它是研究盐湖体系的化学、物理和生物与其环境和资源的性质及特点,并推进其工程化的一门边缘应用基础科学.盐湖学的基本任务是用多学科的原理为指导,系统地研究与勘查盐湖,为人类与盐湖的协调及其科学管理和合理利用提供科学技术依据,为持续发展"盐湖农业"、盐湖矿业和旅游业服务.     

阿尔金断裂早期走滑运动方向及其活动时间探讨

有关阿尔金断裂的地质问题长期存在争论,尤其是有关活动时间的观点最多,运动方向也有不同看法。本文阐述了阿尔金断裂的早期左旋走滑运动。在元古宙地层中产生的大型弧形构造,流变褶曲形态完整而清楚,同时镜下的显微构造观察和岩组分析,为进一步确定阿尔金断裂的早期左旋走滑运动提供了充分证据,其初始活动时间至少在８７０Ｍａ前,左旋走滑运动的确定对弄清阿尔金断裂的发展演化和矿产预测具有意义。