油茶产量与气象条件的相关分析及其预报方法

根据油茶发育生长规律,用油茶花芽分化期、盛花期的气象资料与油茶产量进行分析,发现气温、湿度与油茶产量关系密切。由此利用气象因子建立了油茶丰、欠年景的预报方法。     

日光温室栽培草莓的小气候调控

草莓是多年生草本植物,其果实柔软多汁,色泽鲜艳,芳香浓郁,酸甜适口,是人民大众比较喜欢的果品之一,经济价值较高,市场前景较好。随着近几年来草莓促成栽培、半促成栽培技术的发展,地膜覆盖、塑料大棚、日光温室等设施的建立,使草莓的成熟期大大提前,特别是在冬...     

利用稻田小气候栽培食用菌技术初探

“稻田栽培食用菌试验与研究”是西乡县科委1991年下达我局的科研课题,目的在于充分利用农田气候资源,挖掘农田潜力,增加单位面积上农田的产值。经过1991年田间栽培试验,现就稻田栽培食用菌技术初步总结如下。     

闽东油茶产量及含油率与气候条件分析

根据1994—2011年闽东气候和油茶资料,分析闽东4个主要油茶生产县市影响油茶产量的主要气候因子,并根据相关气候因子建立油茶气象产量的回归拟合模式,分析闽东4个主要县市影响油茶产量的关键气候条件。根据油茶气候资源评估模式,建立闽东9县市常年（1981—2010年）油茶油脂积累转化关键期（7—9月）主要气候因子（温度、光照、降水）与油茶含油率关系模式,分析气候因子对油茶含油率所起作用和影响。依据各县市油茶含油率分布状况,划分闽东普通油茶含油率等级区,为油茶发展和区划提供科学参考。     

不同品种棉田辐射平衡与小气候分析

朝阳县是辽宁省的重点棉区，植棉历史悠久，为本省积累了丰富的植棉经验，但品种单一，技术老化，产量低而不稳，管理繁琐，与当今高速发展棉花生产的要求已不相适应。因此，我们根据气候相似的原理从山西引进了高产适宜简化栽培管理的3008棉花，在朝阳县十二台乡进行栽培试验，并与辽棉10号品种进行对比分析，其产量高，品质好，经济效益比较显著，深受棉农欢迎。本文进行了农田小气候分析研究，从而为朝阳县推广棉花简化栽培管理技术提供了科学依据。     

Tree mortality in response to climate change induced drought across Beijing,China

Tree mortality in response to climate change induced drought has emerged as a global concern. Small changes of tree mortality rates can profoundly affect forest structure, composition, dynamics and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration. Our analyses of longitudinal data from natural stands (82 plots) in Beijing showed that tree mortality rates have increased significantly over the two decades from 1986 to 2006. In contrast, recruitment rates decreased significantly over this period. The increase in overall mortality rates resulted from an increase in tree deaths dominantly attributed to changes in temperature and precipitation resulting in drier conditions across latitudes, elevations, tree species, and tree sizes. In addition, the results showed that mortality rates of Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) (β ₁ ?=?0.0874) as a result of climate change induce drought were much smaller than oak (Quercus) (β ₁ ?=?0.1583).     

Micro hydropower: an alternative for climate change mitigation,adaptation, and development of marginalized local communities in Hispaniola Island

In this essay, we explore the contribution of establishing off-grid community micro-hydropower systems in the Dominican Republic to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Forty-five micro-hydropower systems were set up over 16 years that are sustainably and autonomously managed by the local groups and provide access to electricity to communities in remote areas while reducing CO₂ emissions and favoring carbon sequestration. In addition to mitigating climate change by avoiding emissions and reforestation of more than 28,000 t of CO₂ per year, these initiatives have improved the adaptive capacity of the local communities through contributing to biodiversity protection, climate policy development, and governance; as well as enhancing the wellbeing of families through increased savings, improved education, and increased income generation opportunities. We elaborate the key factors for success and considerations for meeting future challenges.     

1954-2016年阿勒泰市春季寒潮过程频数及强度气候特征

利用阿勒泰基准气候站日最低气温资料,资料长度从1954年到2016年的春季（每年2月26日至5月31日,共计63年）,以日最低气温及其降温幅度为指标,整理出阿勒泰市63年寒潮过程数据库,分析阿勒泰市近63a来寒潮过程的频数以及强度相关6个指标的气候特征,结果表明：（1）1954～2016年春季（3～5月）阿勒泰市共发生寒潮天气过程226次,平均每年发生3.6次。3月平均每年出现1.8次, 4月1.1次,5月0.7次。共有17a为寒潮发生异常偏少年份,16a为异常偏多年份。3月上旬和3月中旬为寒潮天气过程发生最多的时段。（2）春季寒潮频数以每10a/0.1次的速率在递减。月际尺度上,3月和5月发生寒潮天气过程递减,4月递增。年代际1950年代最多,2010-2016年最少。（3）春季寒潮天气过程持续日数在1～7d,其中持续2d的寒潮过程最多,占春季寒潮过程的49%。持续时间在1～3d的寒潮天气过程占92%。（4）春季寒潮降温过程平均降温幅度为-12.7℃,降温幅度平均值最大在3月。最大24h、48h和72h降温幅度平均值分别为-8.9℃、-12.5℃和-14.3℃。（5）春季寒潮降温过程最低气温平均值为-11.8℃。寒潮降温过程最低气温平均距平值为-7.6℃。     

Squeezing information from regional climate change projections - results from a synthesis of CMIP5 results for south-east Queensland, Australia

We present a synthesis of CMIP5 model results for projected rainfall changes for a single region (south-east Queensland, Australia) and note that, as was evident in CMIP3 results, the multi-model mean projected changes for the late 21st century are not statistically significant for any season nor annually. Taking account of the number of statistically significant changes to mean rainfall, we find some evidence favouring a decrease in both spring and annual rainfall, but this is not compelling. In almost all cases the most frequent result is for no significant change. However, if we consider the number of results where there is a statistically significant change in the distributions of rainfall amounts, there appears to be slightly more information available for risk assessment studies. These numbers suggest an increase in the frequency of both wet and dry events during summer and spring, and a shift towards more frequent dry events during winter. There is no evidence for any significant changes to the distributions for either autumn or annually. The findings suggest that, in one respect, multi-model rainfall projections may contain more information than is evident from syntheses which focus on changes to the means and that, for some regions where changes in the frequency of wet and dry seasons/years have known impacts, the model projections may be more valuable than previously thought.     

1979—2018年西藏自治区气候与冰川冻土变化及其对可再生能源的潜在影响

作为全球气候变化敏感区和生态脆弱区,西藏地区拥有丰富的可再生能源。本研究基于多源数据产品（地基和遥感观测）分析了近40 a（1979-2018年）西藏自治区气候和冰川冻土的变化状况及它们对可再生能源的潜在影响。结果表明：1）1979-2018年间藏北高原暖湿化,藏南暖干化。全区站点平均升温速率高达0.54℃·（10 a）^-1;藏南降水略有减少而藏北降水增加;2）日照时数和风速普遍显著下降,但风速在2002年左右停止下降,2010年以后有所回升;3）在快速升温下,西藏地区冰川快速退缩,其中以藏东南地区和念青唐古拉山的退缩幅度最大,冰川最大减薄速率可达8.0 m·（10 a）^-1;多年冻土所占面积约43%,但稳定性较弱,退化严重。冰川退缩和冻土退化在短期内对河流径流有所贡献。因此,过去40 a西藏太阳能和风能减少,水能因冰川冻土变化的贡献有所增加,但预测水能的未来变化比较困难。