吉林省兰家金矿原生地球化学特征

兰家金矿床位于大黑山条垒的金银多金属成矿带中。具有矽卡岩型、破碎带蚀变岩型及细脉浸染型三种类型的金矿体,矿床的形成与晚三叠世泉眼沟序列南泉眼单元的石英闪长岩的多次活动有密切的关系。Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ｂｉ是成矿元素的特征组合,其原生地球化学特征可做为矿床评价及指导找矿的依据。     

安徽姚家岭锌金多金属矿床地质特征与浅部矿化流体包裹体研究

姚家岭锌金多金属矿床是铜陵矿集区近年来新发现的一处大型矿床.该矿床可分为2个成矿期,早期为铜(金、锌)矿化,晚期为锌(金银)多金属矿化,以后者为主.多金属硫化物期以大量发育多种不规则脉状和角砾状矿石为特征,发育硅化、绿泥石化和高岭土化,矿化受张性构造控制,矿物组合为富铁闪锌矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿、石英(包括玉髓和蛋...     

北山南带金矿床(点)稳定同位素组成及找矿意义

通过对甘肃北山南带金矿床（点）稳定同位素组成特征的研究及水／岩交换理论提供的找矿信息，探讨了本区金矿床（点）的物质来源具多源性，但以壳幔混合型为主；矿源层形成于华力西中晚期，而燕山期是金的主要成矿期。提出钻井沟金矿点具找矿远景，其次为拾金坡；金沟子及花西山找矿意义不大。推测乌龙泉、老君庙金矿点和小西弓金矿床中带深部应有新的水／岩交换中心和盲矿体     

Nanomineralogy and nanogeochemistry of ores from gold deposits of Uzbekistan

Gold deposits of Uzbekistan are localized in the Kyzylkum, Nurata, and Kurama ore districts of the Kyzylkum-Kurama metallogenic belt. They comprise a consecutive series of deposit types corresponding to the series of geochemical associations: (Au-W)—(Au-As)—(Au-Te)—(Au-Ag)—(Au-Sb)—(Au-Hg), which are arranged as a system of zones in orebodies, deposits, ore fields, and ore districts. The distribution of chemical elements characterized by average global concentrations in the crust within the ppm-ppb (10⁻⁶-10⁻⁹ t) range was studied in ores of gold deposits using an ICP MS Elan DRC II device. Mineral nanoassemblages with a grain size of 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻⁹ m were examined with a Jeol YXA 8800R Superprobe. The Au-W, Au-As, and Au-Te associations with Bi tellurides and maldonite in ore dominate at hypo- and meso-abyssal gold deposits of the Kyzylkum district (Muruntau, Myutenbay). The contribution of the Au-Sb association with Pb, Ag, and Fe sulfoantimonites and aurostibite increases at the Daughyztau, Kokpatas, and Amantaitau gold deposits. The Au-As, Au-Te, and Au-Sb associations with Bi tellurides, maldonite, sulfoantimonites, and aurostibite dominate at the mesoabyssal gold deposits of the Nurata district (Charmitan, Guzhumsay). The Au-Te and Au-Ag associations with Au, Ag, Pb, Sb, Bi, and Hg tellurides and Bi selenides dominate at the hypabyssal gold deposits of the Kurama district (Kochbulak, Kayragach). The gold-silver deposits of the Kyzylkum district (Kosmanachi, Vysokovol’tnoe) and the Kurama district (Kyzylalmasay, Arabulak) are close in composition. They are characterized by development of intermetallides, sulfides, sulfosalts, and selenides of Au-Ag and occasionally Au-Sb associations. Fineness of gold decreases from early to late geochemical associations, whereas the size of gold grains increases in the same direction from nanogold to visible gold. The studies at the micro- and nanolevel make it possible to establish the attributes of specific gold mineralization, to substantiate prospecting guides, and to estimate the erosion level and resource potential of hidden ore objects. The greater and more diverse a set of micro- and nanominerals, the larger a gold deposit is.     

Mineralogy and formation conditions of ores in the Bereznyakovskoe ore field,the Southern Urals,Russia

The Bereznyakovskoe ore field is situated in the Birgil’da-Tomino ore district of the East Ural volcanic zone. The ore field comprises several centers of hydrothermal mineralization, including the Central Bereznyakovskoe and Southeastern Bereznyakovskoe deposits, which are characterized in this paper. The disseminated and stringer-disseminated orebodies at these deposits are hosted in Upper Devonian-Lower Carboniferous dacitic-andesitic tuff and are accompanied by quartz-sericite hydrothermal alteration. Three ore stages are recognized: early ore (pyrite); main ore (telluride-base-metal, with enargite, fahlore-telluride, and gold telluride substages); and late ore (galena-sphalerite). The early and the main ore stages covered temperature intervals of 320–380 to 180°C and 280–300 to 170°C, respectively; the ore precipitated from fluids with a predominance of NaCl. The mineral zoning of the ore field is expressed in the following change of prevalent mineral assemblages from the Central Bereznyakovskoe deposit toward the Southeastern Bereznyakovskoe deposit: enargite, tennantite, native tellurium, tellurides, and selenides → tennantite-tetrahedrite, tellurides, and sulfoselenides (galenoclausthalite) → tetrahedrite, tellurides, native gold, galena, and sphalerite. The established trend of mineral assemblages was controlled by a decrease in $ f_{S_2 } $ f_{S_2 } , $ f_{Te_2 } $ f_{Te_2 } and $ f_{O_2 } $ f_{O_2 } and an increase in pH of mineral-forming fluids from early to late assemblages and from the Central Bereznyakovskoe deposit toward the Southeastern Bereznyakovskoe deposit. Thus, the Central Bereznyakovskoe deposit was located in the center of an epithermal high-sulfidation ore-forming system. As follows from widespread enargite and digenite, a high Au/Ag ratio, and Au-Cu specialization of this deposit, it is rather deeply eroded. The ore mineralization at the Southeastern Bereznyakovskoe deposit fits the intermediate- or low-sulfidation type and is distinguished by development of tennantite, a low Au/Ag ratio, and enrichment in base metals against a lowered copper content. In general, the Bereznyakovskoe ore field is a hydrothermal system with a wide spectrum of epithermal mineralization styles.     

Gold and silver tellurides in the Shirokinsky ore-and-placer cluster,the Sette-Daban Ridge,Yakutia

The first findings of Au and Ag tellurides (sylvanite and petzite) in sulfide-quartz ore of the Shirokinsky ore and placer cluster located in the Sette-Daban Horst-Anticlinorium are described. These minerals were found for the first time at the gold deposits of East Yakutia. The chemical compositions (wt %) of sylvanite (23.65–24.61 Au, 12.7–13.13 Ag, 59.3–59.97 Te, 96.26–97.97 in total) and petzite (23.17–25.24 Au, 42.27–44.40 Ag, 31.26–33.37 Te, 98.19–102.55 in total) are reported. Galena as a host mineral is associated with native gold, electrum, hessite, and stützite. The finding of Au-Ag and Ag tellurides provides evidence for the development of Au-telluride mineralization in the Sette-Daban Horst-Anticlinorium.     

新疆东准噶尔北部荒漠区金属矿床白茎绢蒿植物地球化学异常特征及其找矿意义

东准噶尔北部荒漠区植被属土砾质荒漠植被类型,占优势的植物群落为白茎绢蒿(Seriphidium terrae-albae(Krasch)Poljak),覆盖度为20%~25%。为探讨植物地球化学方法在荒漠区找矿的有效性,本文选择了隐伏于荒漠覆盖下的喀拉通克铜镍矿、希勒库都克铜钼矿和阿克塔斯金铜矿作为实例,研究生长在这些矿床地表的白茎绢蒿植物地球化学异常特征及其与矿化的关系。研究发现:这些矿床上部均发育植物地球化学综合异常,综合异常的宽度略大于矿体或矿化带的宽度,异常元素组合具有套合性和分带性。本文认为:(1)植物异常中强度较高、清晰度及连续性较好、规模较大的主导元素组合及其异常参数可以作为区分不同矿化类型的标志或指标,进而圈定成矿靶区;(2)植物综合异常的空间分布及其套合性和分带性,能大致确定隐伏矿床(体)的位置;(3)植物异常的元素组合、异常规模和异常强度,能大致推测隐伏矿床(体)的埋藏深度和矿化规模。     

西藏北喜马拉雅成矿带锑金属成矿作用及找矿方向

北喜马拉雅成矿带是全球巨型成矿带——特提斯—喜马拉雅成矿域的重要组成部分,发育一系列锑、锑金、锑多金属、金、铅锌银、钨锡(铍)、汞、铯为主的矿床或矿(化)点,是全球地质学家关注的热点区域。北喜马拉雅成矿带锑成矿作用时间集中在24~16 Ma之间,与后碰撞造山成矿事件(N₁: 25~9 Ma)时间一致,锑来源于深部岩浆减压分熔形成的富含挥发分的次火山岩浆活动,形成喷流沉积-改造型、岩浆热液型、热泉型矿床系列。因此,矿区内的幔源基性-中性脉岩是锑成矿的重要控制因素,也是找矿的重要标志。Sb元素异常主要围绕羊卓雍错裂谷盆地边缘分布,部分与Au元素异常重合。Sb异常主要与低温热液矿床相关,可单独成矿,亦可与Au共生。当Sb异常与Pb-Zn-Ag异常组合在一起时,多为后期叠加改造成矿,并伴生Ga、Se、In等。锑或锑多金属矿体走向多为近SN向,形成串珠状的地球化学异常组合及矿化组合,主要受走滑正断系统及其次级构造控制,并且在矿带的东部,矿化由北向南具有Sb矿→Au-Sb矿→Au矿→Sb-Pb-Zn-Ag矿→W-Sn矿的规律性分布,揭示成矿中心应在扎西康矿床的深部或南部。锑金矿体走向多为近EW向,主要受拆离构造及其次级构造控制。北喜马拉雅被动大陆边缘中生代裂谷(陷)盆地周围盆山转换部位,特别是同沉积断裂带与新生代SN向堑式构造的交汇部位,是寻找锑、锑金、锑多金属矿床的最有利地区,已发现特提斯—喜马拉雅成矿域中规模第一的扎西康锑多金属矿床等一系列大-超大型矿床,显示巨大的找矿前景。综上所述,北喜马拉雅成矿带将会成为我国最重要的锑资源勘查开发后备基地之一。     

四川章姜冲金矿区地质特征及化探找矿效果

通过对矿区地质背景,地层、构造、岩浆岩及矿体分布、形态,矿石结构构造、围岩蚀变等特征的研究,查明了矿床控矿因素主要有地层、构造及围岩蚀变等.研究区实施的1:5万水系沉积物及1:1万土壤地球化学测量,圈定Au异常区4个,均为矿致异常,具良好的找矿前景,化探找矿效果明显.     

湖北省罗田县陈林沟金矿床地质特征及矿床成因

陈林沟金矿床矿体呈脉状赋存于近EW向断裂构造中,矿石类型以石英脉型矿石为主,蚀变岩型矿石为次;矿化从浅部向深部出现由金矿化向金银多金属矿化转变,矿体规模逐渐变大,矿化强度逐渐变强;成矿年龄约为130 Ma±,其形成与燕山期岩浆作用具有时空和成因联系,矿床成因类型为中低温岩浆热液型金矿床。     

辽宁本溪小阳沟铁矿深部找矿成果及其意义

通过钻探等手段发现小阳沟铁矿为埋藏较深、厚度较大、层位较多、倾斜中等的层状矿体,探获（332）+（333）磁铁矿及低品位矿量1.4×10⁸ t.矿体埋深标高-100~+838 m,平均垂厚86 m,呈单斜层状产出,厚度变化稳定,矿化连续,品位均匀.矿石成分简单,矿石矿物主要为磁铁矿,脉石矿物主要是石英、长石.矿物粒度呈中细粒-微细粒不均匀嵌布.矿石结构为粒状变晶结构、氧化交代结构.矿石构造为细条带状构造、柔皱状构造或角砾状构造.矿床类型为火山沉积变质型铁矿.根据研究分析,总结出深部找矿标志.     

Chronology of hydrothermal and magmatic activity in the Dukat gold-silver ore field

The previously published and newly obtained geological and geochronological (Rb-Sr and Ar-Ar) data show that the igneous rocks and products of hydrothermal alteration in the Dukat ore field pertain to two ore-forming magmatic-hydrothermal systems (OMHSs). The igneous rocks of the Early Cretaceous rift-related OMHS are represented by potassium rhyolites of the Askol’d Formation with Rb-Sr ages of 124 ± 3 and 119.3 ± 3.4 Ma and intercalating amygdaloidal basalts. The products of the hydrothermal activity of this OMHS are the metasomatic anatase-chlorite assemblage of the root zone, which replaces potassium rhyolites, and shallow-seated quartz-adularia and quartz-carbonate-feldspar veinlets retained in rhyolite fragments in Late Cretaceous conglomerate and breccia. The Late Cretaceous OMHS was related to the origination of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt and consists of calc-alkaline basaltic andesites of the Tavvatum Formation and moderately silicic K-Na rhyolites of the Nayakhan Formation with a Rb-Sr age of 84 ± 4 Ma. The Late Cretaceous postmagmatic hydrothermal activity in the Dukat ore field resulted in the formation of preore metasomatic rocks and orebodies of the unique Dukat Au-Ag deposit. The first stage of the Late Cretaceous hydrothermal activity gave birth to preore propylites with a Rb-Sr isochron age of adularia samples estimated at 85 ± 1 Ma and quartz-chlorite-sulfide and Ag-bearing quartz-chlorite-adularia orebodies with Rb-Sr isochron ages of adularia estimated at 84 ± 1 and 86.1 ± 4 Ma. The second stage was marked by the formation of garnet-bearing propylites and quartz-rhodonite orebodies with a Rb-Sr age of 73 ± 3 Ma. Further hydrothermal activity occurred after a break related to structural rearrangement of the ore field and was expressed in the replacement of propylites by products of argillin alteration and Ag-bearing Mn hydroxides. Paleogene basaltic dikes and related subeconomic mineralization concluded magmatic and hydrothermal processes in the Dukat ore field.     

陆相火山-侵入岩有关的铁多金属矿成矿作用及矿床模型——以长江中下游为例

在长江中下游地区,与白垩纪陆相火山-侵入岩有关的铁多金属矿床在空间上绝大多数发育于白垩纪火山盆地,仅程潮和金山店出现于隆起区;成矿时间上分为两个时代,即133~130Ma和127~125Ma。按照成矿物质来源和成矿过程,鉴别出4个成矿系统:即在隆起区与石英闪长岩有关的矽卡岩铁矿(系统1);在火山盆地内,与大王山(或砖桥)旋回火山-次火山活动有关的铁多金属矿床(包括,磷灰石-磁铁矿型铁矿、类矽卡岩型铁矿、矿浆型铁矿、热液型硫铜金矿、热液型铅锌矿)(系统2)和与二长-正长岩有关的矽卡岩型铁矿(系统3);与娘娘山(或浮山)旋回火山-次火山活动有关的铜(金)矿和金铀矿(系统4)。盆地内和隆起区的矽卡岩型铁矿形成时间基本一致,略晚于与辉石闪长玢岩有关的铁多金属矿床(系统2), 但早于铜金铀为主的成矿系统4。前人以系统2中的磷灰石-磁铁矿型铁矿、类矽卡岩型铁矿和矿浆型铁矿为主,结合其他一些少见或不具工业意义的铁矿类型,提出一个具有广泛影响的玢岩铁矿成矿模式。此文以玢岩铁矿成矿模式为基础,结合4个成矿系统的基本特点,提出了白垩纪陆相火山-侵入岩有关的铁多金属矿床模型。以上这些具有成因联系的矿床系统和类型及其分带互为找矿标志。     

豫西狮子庙金钼矿田矿床模型

在豫西熊耳山地区马超营断裂带中段新近探明的石瑶沟大型斑岩型钼矿,与周围的脉型金矿床构成了狮子庙金钼矿田。斑岩钼矿与外围分布的脉状金矿（铅锌银）具有明显的时空关系,钼-金矿化与燕山期隐伏花岗斑岩体关系密切。石瑶沟斑岩钼矿的外围有一些脉状金矿发育,伴生铅锌银矿,产于斑岩钼矿外围围岩断裂内。这种钼与金矿的密切时空分布关系构成...     

青海省都兰县迈龙—色日地区找矿信息分析及靶区圈定

迈龙—色日地区位于东昆仑东段的沟里一带,是近几年新发现的金矿化地段,有较好的成矿潜力。本文通过分析该地区的基础成矿地质特征、地球化学信息特征,借助大比例尺高精度遥感线性构造解译手段,对该地区构造格架进行分析,以瓦勒尕金矿床为典型矿例,剖析迈龙—色日地区的找矿潜力,对区内找矿信息进行总结,圈定找矿潜力地区,并进行野外验证,取得了较好效果,为该区内已发现的部分金银和多金属矿化带的追索及新矿化带的发现和查证提供了一定方向。     

铜矿峪变斑岩型含钼铜矿床成矿作用及找矿预测

通过对铜矿峪矿床在含铜建造、矿床地质特征、地球化学特征等方面的综合论述,探讨其成矿物质来源、矿床富集机制及成矿模式,并对找矿远景进行预测。     

辽东地区前寒武纪地体金矿化特征

辽东地区金矿床主要分布在丹东、青城子、营口－盖县、清原等4个金矿化集中区（带）。S，Pb同位素特征显示金矿的成矿物主要来源于下地壳和上地幔。成矿流体中的CO2与金矿成矿关系密切，在成矿过程中流体的盐度较低，且由弱酸性向弱碱性变化，金矿多为中低温矿床。韧性剪切带对金矿化的空间分布显示出多级有序的控制作用，同时对金矿的矿床类型和矿化类型也表现出显著的控制作用，构造应变场和地球化学场的改变，促使成矿元素迁移富集而形成金矿。研究认为，在元古宇分布区，在深部寻找脆韧性变形带中的金矿仍然具有较大远景，同时要注意寻找与BIF建造有关的金矿新类型。     

西藏冈底斯成矿带西段罗布真浅成低温热液型金银多金属矿床地质特征及发现意义

在野外地质调查基础上,通过详细的岩相学和矿物学观察,以及矿床对比研究等手段,初步探讨了罗布真金银多金属矿床成因类型和地质意义。罗布真金银多金属矿床位于冈底斯陆缘火山-岩浆弧西段,矿体受NWW向断裂构造控制,呈似层状、脉状、透镜体状产于帕那组火山岩中,或产于火山岩与始新世闪长岩的接触部位。金银矿体由石英脉、蚀变岩和角砾岩组成。矿石具有角砾状、条带状和网脉状等热液型矿床典型构造。金属矿物主要有自然金、碲银矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿、毒砂和闪锌矿等,非金属矿物有石英、玉髓、绿泥石、方解石等。围岩蚀变属于中、低温环境下的一套蚀变矿物组合,有绢云母化、硅化、碳酸盐化、绿泥石化等;围岩蚀变具有从矿脉中心到围岩有绢英岩化到青磐岩化过渡分带,垂向上也有顶部伊利石、硅华、玉髓层,深部绿泥石、绢云母、微细粒石英-玉髓脉的分带。成矿流体显示出低温、低盐度的特点,主要来自于大气降水;而金、银等成矿物质主要来源于围岩。通过矿床对比研究,初步确定罗布真金银多金属矿床属于低硫化型浅成低温热液型矿床,该成因类型矿床在冈底斯成矿带西段尚属首次发现。     

Fe–Cu deposits in the Kangdian region,SW China: a Proterozoic IOCG (iron-oxide–copper–gold) metallogenic province

Numerous Fe–Cu deposits are hosted in the late Paleoproterozoic Dongchuan and Dahongshan Groups in the Kangdian region, SW China. The Dongchuan Group is composed of siltstone, slate, and dolostone with minor volcanic rocks, whereas the Dahongshan Group has undergone lower amphibolite facies metamorphism and consists of quartz mica-schist, albitite, quartzite, marble and amphibolite with local migmatite. Deposits in the Dongchuan Group are commonly localized in the cores of anticlines, in fault bends and intersections, and at lithological contacts. Orebodies are closely associated with breccias, which are locally derived from the host rocks. Fe-oxides (magnetite and/or hematite) and Cu-sulfides (chalcopyrite, bornite) form disseminated, vein-like and massive ores, and typically fill open spaces in the host rocks. The deposits have extensive albite alteration and local K-feldspar alteration overprinted by quartz, carbonate, sericite and chlorite. Deposits in the Dahongshan Group have orebodies sub-parellel to stratification and show crude stratal partitioning of metals. Fe-oxide ores occur as massive and/or banded replacements within the breccia pipes, whereas Cu-sulfide ores occur predominantly as disseminations and veinlets within mica schists and massive magnetite ores. Ore textures suggest that Cu-sulfides formed somewhat later than Fe-oxides, but are possibly within the same mineralization event. Both ore minerals predated regional Neoproterozoic metamorphism. Both orebodies and host rocks have undergone extensive alteration of albite, scapolite, amphibole, biotite, sericite and chlorite. Silica and carbonate alterations are also widespread. Ore-hosting strata have a LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb age of 1681 ± 13 Ma, and a dolerite dyke cutting the Fe-oxide orebodies has an age of 1659 ± 16 Ma. Thus, the mineralization age of the Dahongshan deposit is constrained at between the two. All ores from the two groups have high Fe and low Ti, with variable Cu contents. Locally they are rich in Mo, Co, V, and REE, but all are poor in Pb and Zn. Sulfides from the Fe–Cu deposits have δ³⁴S values mostly in the range of +2 to +6 per mil, suggesting a mix of several sources due to large-scale leaching of the strata with the involvement of evaporites. Isotopic dating and field relationships suggest that these deposits formed in the late Paleoproterozoic. Ore textures, mineralogy and alteration characteristics are typical of IOCG-type deposits and thus define a major IOCG metallogenic province with significant implications for future exploration.     

黑龙江永新金矿地质特征及成因

黑龙江永新金矿床的发现是多宝山矿集区外围地质找矿取得的一项新成果.矿床赋存在早白垩世火山盆地与古生代糜棱岩带接触地带的一个浅成相和潜火山岩相小侵入体及岩脉密集分布地段.潜火山相的潜英安岩、潜流纹岩等形成于成矿前或成矿期,受蚀变矿化;浅成相的花岗斑岩、闪长玢岩等形成于成矿后,破坏矿体.金矿体及矿化主要赋存在隐蔽爆破作用形成的蚀变角砾岩体中,其次赋存在蚀变角砾岩体外侧的糜棱岩类围岩中.该矿床的发现显示在黑龙江省西部的古生代糜棱岩带中存在与早白垩世火山作用有关的潜火山热液型金矿,也表明黑龙江多宝山斑岩铜矿老矿区的外围仍具有找矿潜力.