矩形棱柱体重力位三阶梯度张量正演计算公式

基于位场理论推导出矩形棱柱体重力位三阶梯度张量正演计算的解析公式,采用理论模型对比解析公式与重力位二阶梯度张量中心差分的计算结果,并以是否满足拉普拉斯方程作为检验标准,对推导公式的正确性进行验证。     

地壳孕震过程的重力变化研究

根据多孔介质中的力学理论,推导了在地壳中存在微孔洞时介质的应力应变本构关系的表示公式,讨论了描述地壳中空洞形成过程的孕震模型参数,讨论了孕震模型参数的变化与地壳介质状态的变化和地面重力变化的关系,并根据乘法分解理论推导了孕震过程计算重力变化的弹塑性递推计算方法,并采用GTN模型进行了数值模拟.在此基础上,将数值模拟结果与发生在1996年云南丽江Ms=7.0地震前后的重力变化进行了对比分析,讨论了微孔洞的形成过程与地面重力变化的关系,较合理地解释了丽江Ms7.0地震前后的重力变化过程.     

重力位三阶梯度张量及其勘探能力初步分析

在重力位三阶梯度张量基本原理的基础上,给出均匀球体重力位零阶至三阶梯度张量的解析表达式,结合理论分析与模型实验,对比各阶梯度张量对场源参数(质量与埋深、水平位置与几何形状)的敏感性。结果表明,重力位三阶梯度张量随场源与观测点之间距离的增大衰减最快。重力曲率张量具有如下特征:对场源埋深变化具有最高的敏感性;对浅部的剩余质量探测能力最强,对深部的剩余质量探测能力最弱;对场源的水平分辨能力及几何形态的区分能力随场源埋深的增大而减小,但重力曲率张量的分辨能力最强;三阶梯度张量的独立元素个数最多,场空间分布形态的类型也最多样,在相同测点分布情况下能够捕获更多的场与场源信息,尤其是重力场的短波成分与浅部的剩余质量。     

粘弹性半空间内膨胀引起的地表垂直位移和重力变化

研究了粘弹性半空间内膨胀（Ｍｏｇｉ模型）引起的地表垂直位移和重力变化，推导了Ｍａｘｗｅｌｌ半空间模型的解析计算公式。数值结果表明，地表垂直位移、重力变化以及重力变化与地表垂直位移之比受介质流变特性的影响很大。因此，在解释和模拟火山区、地壳隆起区、地热场等长期地表形变和重力观测时需考虑介质的流变特性影响。     

正常重力平均值处地心纬度与偏心率的关系式

在计算机代数系统基础上,将正常重力公式进行级数展开,推导出正常重力平均值处地心纬度关于椭球第一偏心率的函数式,并考虑将公式推广至太阳系中的各行星,假定椭球第一偏心率为变量时推导出正常重力平均值处地心纬度关于椭球第一偏心率的函数式.     

GPS测量大气折射改正

在精密ＧＰＳ测量中,大气折射改正误差是主要误差源之一。基于大气折射理论,把底层大气分为７层,并考虑不同高度的重力改正,建立了新的大气层模型,推导出了新的更精确的折射改正公式。实例计算结果表明,新的大气层模型更加符合实际。     

垂直基准定义及联接

介绍了利用地球位模型、地面重力资料、GPS和水准测量结果确定定全球高程基准及局部性垂直基准联接的基本原理和方法 ,给出了计算公式 ,并列出了国际上有关研究所获得的主要成果 ,最后对我国所需要进行的相关研究工作提出了建议     

缔合勒让德函数的标准向前按列递推公式

针对推导扇谐项（次等于阶的项）和准扇谐项（次等于阶减1的项）存在不严谨性的问题,给出基于fnALFs的2个导数定积分按列递推公式,结果与已有的研究结论完全一致,但推导过程更简明,且该定积分公式可从第2阶开始递推。另外,本文还给出另外2个fnALFs定积分计算公式。     

变形地球表面重力变化与垂直位移的转换关系

为了实现用重力测量来监测地壳垂直运动,本文研究了地球内部各向挤压,拉张应力源、膨胀源、热应力源等激发引起的地球表面重力和高程变化及相互关系。导出了重力、高程变化及相互关系在球坐标系中的理论和数值计算公式。给出了1066A地球模型的地表重力一高程变化的转换因子。并对由于源的深度不同,大地水准面高的变化对转换因子的影响做了讨论。     

重力异常对静力水准系统测量精度的影响

讨论了在大距离范围中使用静力水准系统应注意的问题,根据地球潮汐理论,着重分析了由于附近巨大物体以及月球和太阳的作用引起的测量范围内的重力异常对系统测量精度的影响和相应的修正办法,并推导出了改正量公式。     

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几种规则形体的引力垂向导数及其应用

鉴于引力垂向导数在大地测量、地球物理中广泛应用,在许多情况下,异常体就是或接近于规则形体,为此推导、引入了球体、半球体、柱体、锥体和长方体的引力垂向导数公式。此外,还讨论了如何将它们用于绝对重力测量和精化大地水准面的实际中。     

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Multi-component joint inversion of gravity gradient based on fast forward calculation

With the development of gravity gradient full tensor measurement technique , three-dimensional (3D) inversion based on gravity gradient tensor can provide more accurate information .But the forward calcula-tion of 3D full tensor sensitivity matrix is very time-consuming, which restricts its development and application . According to the symmetry of the kernel function , the authors reconstruct the underground source of geological body to avoid repeat computation of the same value , and work out the corresponding relationship between the re-sponse of geological body to the observation point and the response of reconstructed geological body to the obser -vation point .According to the relationship , rapid calculation of full tensor gravity sensitivity matrix can be achieved .The model calculation shows that this method can increase the speed of 30-45 times compared with the traditional calculation method .The sensitivity matrix is applied to the multi-component inversion of gravity gradient .The application of this method on the measured data provides the basis for the promotion of the meth -od.     

3D Joint inversion of gravity and gravity tensor data

The processing and interpretation of gravity and gradient data plays an important role in geophysics. The cross gradient joint inversion is usually used for achieving structure coupling of multiple geophysical mod-els.In order to realize the coupling of gravity and gravity tensor data, the authors analyzed each component. The results show that different types of data contain different direction information, and derived the joint inver-sion based on cross gradient function and applied it to model data.The theoretical model results show that the cross gradient method can reduce the multi solution and significantly improve the resolution of the inversion. The method was also applied to inverse the gravity tensor data in Vinton salt dome, showing that this method can get higher resolution results than the separate linear inversion, and be closer to the real density from drilling data.     

Edge detection using directional eigenvalues of potential field gradient tensor data

Edge detection of potential field interpretation is an important task. The traditional edge detection methods have poor ability in outlining weak amplitude anomalies clearly. The resolved edges position is blurred.We purposed new edge detection methods based on directional eigenvalues of potential field gradient tensor for the causative sources. In order to balance strong and weak amplitude anomalies simultaneously,we present one normalization method using different orders of vertical derivatives to improve the new filters. The presented filters were tested on synthetic and real potential field data to verify its feasibility. All of the results have shown that the new edge detection methods can not only display the sources edges precisely and clearly,but also bring out more geological subtle details.     

应用重磁资料对沂沭断裂带及其周围构造特征的初步分析

一、前言沂沭断裂带是郯庐断裂在我省的一部分。郯庐断裂自从1957年航磁首次发现以来,引起了地质界的重视,有人认为郯庐断裂是我国东部一条北北东向切割上地幔的深大断裂,其长度远远超出了郯城至庐江的范围。而沂沭断裂带又是郯庐断裂露出最好的一段,是揭示郯庐断裂奥秘的一个窗口。前人曾做过大量地质调查工作,是研究程度较高区段。早在1948年我国著名地质学家李四光教授指出:“横过山东从南边的沂水到北边