巴丹吉林沙漠拐子湖地表辐射与能量平衡特征

利用2013年7月、10月和2014年1月、4月巴丹吉林沙漠北缘拐子湖流动沙地地表辐射、土壤热通量、土壤温湿度和湍流通量等观测资料,分析了拐子湖地区地表辐射收支和能量通量在不同季节条件下的日变化特征及能量分配和闭合状况。结果表明:地表辐射各分量和能量平衡分量的月平均日变化结果整体均表现为标准的单峰型日循环形态,受不同季节影响,日变化曲线存在显著的季节变化差异,各分量均呈7月最大、1月最小、4月大于10月, 1月和7月的R_s↓、R_s↑、R_l↑、R_l↓、R_n日均值依次为98.9 W·m^-2和614.6 W·m^-2、34.6 W·m^-2和87.3 W·m^-2、276.9 W·m^-2和494.2 W·m^-2、214.8 W·m^-2和385.0 W·m^-2、0.4 W·m^-2和128.7 W·m^-2。与塔中、肖塘等地相比,该区域具有相对较高的地表反照率,整体呈冬季高夏季低,年均0.34。1月和7月的H、LE、G₀日均值依次为4.7 W·m^-2和78.8 W·m^-2、0.3 W·m^-2和20.3 W·m^-2、2.9 W·m^-2和35.0 W·m^-2。从能量分配来看,研究区干旱的气候和极低的植被覆盖造成了各季节全天潜热通量占净辐射份额始终较小,白天以感热为能量的主要消耗形式,土壤热通量次之。此外,R_n于正午达到日峰值后逐渐减小,受辐射强迫升温的地面以感热形式对空气的热量输送却不断持续,而促使H/R_n日间始终保持明显的增长趋势。     

巴丹吉林沙漠西缘不同地表沙尘水平通量北大核心CSCD

巴丹吉林沙漠西缘是黑河中下游冲洪积平原地表风沙输入沙漠内部的重要断面。在沙漠西缘选择干涸湖床、芦苇滩地、盐碱滩地、流动沙地、灌丛沙堆5种典型地表,利用MWAC沙尘收集器,开展近地表沙尘输移通量的野外观测,分析不同高度(10、25、50、85 cm)沙尘水平通量及分布特征,计算观测期间不同地表沙尘水平通量。结果表明:不同地表沙尘水平通量随高度增加而减小,与高度呈指数型函数关系。0~85 cm高度的5种典型地表沙尘水平通量存在明显差异,流动沙地>干涸湖床>芦苇滩地>盐碱滩地>灌丛沙堆,0~10 cm高度层内沙尘通量占比最大。流动沙地和干涸湖床为巴丹吉林沙漠西缘主要输沙地表。植被覆盖度、裸露空间面积以及地表物质层特性,直接影响地表沙尘的输送通量。风速会影响沙尘水平通量分布,较大风速的地表风蚀起沙的粒径较大,地表沙尘水平通量也较大。研究结果有助于了解沙漠西缘输沙断面不同地表的沙尘输移规律与区域风沙过程。     

戈壁近地表粉尘释放动力机制的野外风洞试验北大核心CSCD

跃移沙粒的轰击是戈壁地表粉尘释放的主要动力机制。以往对戈壁粉尘释放的包括风洞试验及野外监测的研究,由于高频测量仪器与试验方法的欠缺,无法定量化跃移沙粒能量等因素对戈壁地表粉尘释放的影响。本研究采用野外风洞,利用Sensit传感器对跃移沙粒不同能量过程进行测定,研究不同供沙条件下的戈壁近地表(0~20 cm)范围内的粉尘变化规律与地表粉尘释放动力机制。结果表明:跃移沙粒轰击作用是戈壁地表粉尘释放主要因素,也是评估粉尘释放程度的重要指征;跃移沙粒的反弹能量与粉尘释放通量相关性最强,冲击能量次之,5 cm高度撞击能量相关性最小,表明跃移沙粒轰击形成的冲击及反弹能量的转化是粉尘释放的一个重要动力过程。     

VIIRS-TVDI法反演干旱区农田土壤湿度北大核心CSCD

在国内首次使用MODIS/AVHRR的后继VIIRS产品,依其每日地表反射率产品(GIGTO-VI1~5BO)计算NDVI,结合每日陆表温度产品(GMTCO-VLSTO),计算新疆农七师125团2015年6月29日~7月10日的TVDI结果,利用同期地面实测土壤含水率进行验证,R^2=0.846,两者之间不相关的双尾检验值<0.001。结果表明,构建的土壤湿度模型对农田土壤含水率有较好的反应,并将该模型推广到全天山北坡经济带地区。利用VIIRS数据构建的TVDI特征空间表现优秀,拟合结果良好;该数据因其自身幅宽、高时间分辨率等优势,应用于新疆农田土壤湿度监测,具有一定优势,可弥补VIIRS产品在我国该领域使用的空白。     

绿洲荒漠过渡带夏季晴天地表辐射和能量平衡及小气候特征

利用张掖试验基地2006年6月24日至7月17日的加密观测资料,系统分析了夏季典型晴天张掖绿洲荒漠过渡带地表辐射收支和地表能量平衡特征及小气候特征。结果表明:夏季晴天绿洲荒漠过渡带总辐射值还是比较大的,并且净辐射值也很大,这说明绿洲荒漠过渡带地表具有比较充足的可利用热能,为加热大气和土壤提供了必要的热能条件。在地表能量分配中,晴天绿洲荒漠过渡区主要用于大气运动引起的感热交换,其次是土壤交换,用于水蒸发相变的能量相对较小。近地层空气温度和湿度的变化刚好相反。气温白天随高度的增加而递增,夜晚随高度的增加而递减。近地层大气温度变化要比地表温度缓慢。白天土壤辐射增温,越接近地表增温越快,夜间辐射冷却,地表温度下降最为明显。近地层水平风速在白天较大,夜间逐渐减小。在绿洲荒漠过渡带全天以上升气流为主,水平风速随高度增加明显递增。     

中国城市地表灰尘中重金属的富集状况及空间分布特征

在统计中国城市地表灰尘中重金属含量的已有相关文献基础上,探讨了中国地表灰尘中Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd五种元素的空间分布特征及各省份的富集状况。搜集到的各地区地表灰尘重金属含量的研究数据分别为69、84、86、79、58个。对研究数据剔除异常值后分别进行克里金插值和统计各省份地表灰尘重金属含量的平均值,并与土壤背景值作对比计算出累积指数,得到中国地表灰尘中重金属的空间分布状况和各省份的富集水平。结果表明：中国地表灰尘中重金属含量普遍较高,且各地区重金属含量水平存在不同程度上的差异。就整体而言,Cu、Pb、Zn三种重金属含量的空间分布较为相似,由高到低均大致呈南—北走势,而Cr含量呈中部高两侧低的趋势,Cd并无明显趋势。各省份平均值与土壤背景值相比,除Cr在山东省和贵州省无富集状况以外,各省的地表灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd均具有一定的富集。其中,湖南省的Cd和Pb均富集最为严重,分别是土壤背景值的177.95和42.82倍;Cr在福建省富集最为严重,为背景值的7.11倍;广东省的Cu富集水平最高,是背景值的10.35倍,而Zn在江西省的富集水平最高,超出背景值39.13倍。     

额济纳绿洲地表土壤热通量特征及模拟估算

土壤热通量是地表能量平衡的重要分量,研究其变化特征对理解能量平衡过程具有十分重要的意义。利用中国科学院阿拉善荒漠生态水文试验研究站实际观测数据,分析了额济纳绿洲在不同天气条件（晴天和阴天）和时间尺度下地表土壤热通量变化特征,并采用强迫恢复法对地表土壤热通量进行了估算。结果表明：（1）晴天地表土壤热通量的日总量、平均值、最大值和振幅等都明显大于阴天。（2）在观测期内,地表土壤热通量总体呈先升高后降低的趋势,最大值出现在7月中旬,最小值出现在10月初,二者之间的日均值相差超过了900 W·m^-2。（3）不论晴天还是阴天,净辐射较地表土壤热通量在早晨和晚间都是先达到零值,且净辐射在正午前后先达到峰值。（4）对地表土壤热通量取绝对值可以看出,无论昼夜,均是晴天大于阴天。（5）一天内地表土壤热通量占净辐射的比例随着时间递减。（6）基于强迫恢复法估算的额济纳绿洲地表土壤热通量与实测值具有较好的一致性,可用于地表土壤热通量模拟。     

风洞边界层内单细长柔性植株周围地表气流剪应力分布特征北大核心CSCD

地表剪应力表征了风对地表产生的剪切效应,是评估地表风蚀强度的风动量指标。研究植株周围地表剪应力分布特征对理解植被的防护效应有着重要意义。采用地表剪应力测试系统测量了风洞边界层中单个细长柔性植株周围地表剪应力及分布趋势。结果表明:从植株上风向到下风向,地表所受的气流剪切应力先减小而后逐渐增加至来流地表剪应力的数值;沿植株两侧方向,地表剪应力逐渐减小至来流地表剪应力的数值。与圆木棒模型相比,植株周围最小地表剪应力是圆木棒的0.51~0.74倍,并且地表剪应力小于来流值90%的平均面积是圆木棒的9.7倍。应用地表剪应力分布对单植株抗风蚀能力的评估表明细长柔性植株能减弱输沙率,比圆木棒模型更能有效地保护地表。     

乌兰布和沙漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)夜间液流特征及其环境驱动机制北大核心CSCD

树木夜间液流(Qn)指夜晚通过根、茎、叶等器官的液流量,对于研究树体内水分的运移、存储以及叶片蒸腾等具有重要的生理生态学意义。本研究于2020年6-10月,应用Granier热扩散探针法测定了乌兰布和沙漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)人工灌丛枝条的液流,同步监测了大气温度(T)、相对湿度(RH)、降水量(P)、风速(WS)和土壤水分等环境因子,分析了梭梭夜间液流特征及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明:(1)梭梭灌丛枝条液流密度呈现出明显的昼夜变化规律;白天梭梭液流密度(SFD)呈现出“单峰型”或“双峰型”曲线,值为0.03-0.18 g·cm^(-2)·min^(-1);夜间SFD的变幅较小,为0.04-0.08 g·cm^(-2)·min^(-1)。(2)在6、7、8、9、10月,梭梭灌丛Qn分别为0.57±0.38、0.51±0.37、0.50±0.34、0.55±0.32、0.37±0.18 kg·d^(-1),分别占日液流通量的23.29%、24.07%、26.76%、31.26%、30.27%,说明Qn是估计梭梭灌丛日蒸腾耗水量的重要组成部分。(3)Qn与T、WS和饱和水汽压差(VPD)正相关(P<0.05),而与RH负相关(P<0.05),其中VPD与Qn的相关性最大。(4)在日尺度上,Qn与相对土壤含水量(REW)正相关(P<0.05),说明Qn随着土壤水分有效性的提高而增大。     

地表径流对荒漠灌丛生境土壤水分空间特征的影响

土壤水分是干旱区多尺度生态水文过程的关键影响因素和驱动因子,其时空格局是生态、水文、气象、地形等自然过程研究的重要参数。笔者研究了降水径流事件后3种不同灌丛个体尺度土壤水分空间异质性特征,结果表明,珍珠灌丛个体尺度土壤水分空间分布特征表现为灌丛边缘>灌丛内部>灌丛间裸地,驼绒藜灌丛表现为灌丛内部>灌丛边缘>灌丛间裸地,而狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛不同微生境土壤水分差异不显著。珍珠和驼绒藜灌丛同一微生境土壤水分存在坡位梯度,珍珠灌丛3个微生境土壤水分均表现为上坡位大于下坡位,而驼绒藜灌丛边缘表现为上坡位小于下坡位,其他两个微生境无明显规律;狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛土壤水分无明显的坡位梯度。3种灌丛不同微生境土壤含水量随土层深度增加的变化不明显。这说明在降水径流事件中,不同斑块的反应差异引起了地表径流的形成以及随之发生的资源再分配,从而导致了景观内土壤水分的空间异质性。     

Estimation of ground heat flux and its impact on the surface energy budget for a semi-arid grassland

Three approaches, i.e., the harmonic analysis (HA) technique, the thermal diffusion equation and correction (TDEC) method, and the calorimetric method used to estimate ground heat flux, are evaluated by using observations from the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL) in July, 2008. The calorimetric method, which involves soil heat flux measurement with an HFP01SC self-calibrating heat flux plate buried at a depth of 5 cm and heat storage in the soil between the plate and the surface, is here called the ITHP approach. The results show good linear relationships between the soil heat fluxes measured with the HFP01SC heat flux plate and those calculated with the HA technique and the TDEC method, respectively, at a depth of 5 cm. The soil heat fluxes calculated with the latter two methods well follow the phase measured with the HFP01SC heat flux plate. The magnitudes of the soil heat flux calculated with the HA technique and the TDEC method are close to each other, and they are about 2 percent and 6 percent larger than the measured soil heat flux, respectively, which mainly occur during the nighttime. Moreover, the ground heat fluxes calculated with the TDEC method and the HA technique are highly correlated with each other (R² = 0.97), and their difference is only about 1 percent. The TDEC-calculated ground heat flux also has a good linear relationship with the ITHP-calculated ground heat flux (R² = 0.99), but their difference is larger (about 9 percent). Furthermore, compared to the HFP01SC direct measurements at a depth of 5 cm, the ground heat flux calculated with the HA technique, the TDEC method, and the ITHP approach can improve the surface energy budget closure by about 6 percent, 7 percent, and 6 percent at SACOL site, respectively. Therefore, the contribution of ground heat flux to the surface energy budget is very important for the semi-arid grassland over the Loess Plateau in China. Using turbulent heat fluxes with common corrections, soil heat storage between the surface and the heat flux plate can improve the surface energy budget closure by about 6 to 7 percent, resulting in a closure of 82 to 83 percent at the SACOL site.     

Soil freezing process and different expressions for the soil-freezing characteristic curve

The soil-freezing characteristic curve (SFCC), which represents the relationship between unfrozen water content and sub-freezing temperature (or suction at ice-water interface) in a freezing soil, can be used for understanding the transportation of heat, water, and solute in frozen soils. In this paper, the soil freezing process and the similarity between the SFCC of saturated frozen soil and soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) of unfrozen unsaturated soil are reviewed. Based on similar characteristics between SWCC and SFCC, a conceptual SFCC is drawn for illustrating the main features of soil freezing and thawing processes. Various SFCC expressions from the literature are summarized. Four widely used expressions (i.e., power relationship, exponential relationship, van Genuchten 1980 equation and Fredlund and Xing 1994 equation) are evaluated using published experimental data on four different soils (i.e., sandy loam, silt, clay, and saline silt). Results show that the exponential relationship and van Genuchten (1980) equation are more suitable for sandy soils. The simple power relationship can be used to reasonably best-fit the SFCC for soils with different particle sizes; however, it exhibits limitations when fitting the saline silt data. The Fredlund and Xing (1994) equation is suitable for fitting the SFCCs for all soils studied in this paper.     

古尔班通古特沙漠南缘风沙土土壤水分特征与毛管水最大上升高度

为确定古尔班通古特沙漠南缘地下水深埋区毛管上升水的最大上升高度,对划分固沙植物水分来源提供理论依据,于2016年3月～2018年11月,采用中子仪法对试验地0～10 m土层土壤含水量进行观测,分析沙丘不同坡位土壤含水量的季节变化情况,并利用最大分子持水量与土壤含水量曲线交会法确定试验地毛管水的最大上升高度。结果表明:沙丘不同坡位0～130 cm土层的土壤含水量受外界气象因素影响较大,随季节变化规律明显;130 cm土层以下至570～760 cm土层为土壤含水量较为稳定的干沙层;而570～760 cm以下土层的土壤含水量主要受地下水水位波动和毛管上升水的影响,其含水量变化上界可看作是毛管水的最大上升高度。试验地的最大分子持水量为0.026 1 cm3·cm-3,且沙丘不同坡位毛管水的最大上升高度分布在250～290 cm之间。     

土地覆被变化过程中叶面积指数与降水量对地表能量平衡的贡献——基于SiB2的模拟结果

土地覆被变化过程中,叶面积指数（LAI）是地表能量平衡重要的影响因素,且与降水等多种因素存在交互作用。以2003 年中国东北地区农田、森林和草地三种覆被类型和三种LAI月变化过程为研究对象,着重分离出土地覆被变化过程中LAI对地表能量平衡的作用,认清覆被和LAI 变化对地表能量平衡的相对作用。利用SiB2 模型研究不同降水条件下土地覆被和LAI 变化对地表能量平衡的影响。结果表明：① 覆被变化对净辐射的影响最大,年均14.5W·m^-2左右。② LAI 主要改变净辐射对潜热和显热的分配,对农田和草地而言,LAI 增加明显提高（减小）潜热（显热）分配比例;对森林而言,LAI对潜热和显热分配的影响较弱。③ 降水对净辐射的分配起重要作用,降水增加,潜热增加。④ 表层土壤水分受降水和LAI 调控,与潜热有相反的变化趋势。     

Impact of soil conditions on the physiological characteristics of maize plants in an arid region,Northwest China

Overuse of irrigation water to ensure the crop yield of maize plants has caused serious water shortage problems in the middle reach of Heihe River, China. Thus, further research on the physiological characteristics, i.e., photosynthetic rate and leaf transpiration rate, are urgently needed to develop an efficient irrigation management system. In this paper, we selected two common soil textures (sandy loam, sand) and three one-time irrigation volumes (60 mm, 20 mm, 0 mm) in order to analyze the impact of soil conditions on the physiological characteristics of maize plants. Physiological and meteorological factors, soil water content and plant growing parameters were synchronously monitored on Jun. 30, Jul. 25 and Aug. 27 of 2012. The results indicate that sandy loam is better than sand for the growth of maize plants and single irrigation may provide limited influence on the physiological characteristics. Thus, increasing irrigation times and decreasing one-time volume is suggested for an efficient irrigation system.     

Characteristics of land-atmosphere energy and turbulent fluxes over the plateau steppe in central Tibetan Plateau

The land-atmosphere energy and turbulence exchange is key to understanding land surface processes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP). Using observed data for Aug. 4 to Dec. 3, 2012 from the Bujiao observation point(BJ) of the Nagqu Plateau Climate and Environment Station(NPCE-BJ), different characteristics of the energy flux during the Asian summer monsoon(ASM) season and post-monsoon period were analyzed. This study outlines the impact of the ASM on energy fluxes in the central TP. It also demonstrates that the surface energy closure rate during the ASM season is higher than that of the post-monsoon period. Footprint modeling shows the distribution of data quality assessments(QA) and quality controls(QC) surrounding the observation point. The measured turbulent flux data at the NPCE-BJ site were highly representative of the target land-use type. The target surface contributed more to the fluxes under unstable conditions than under stable conditions. The main wind directions(180° and 210°) with the highest data density showed flux contributions reaching 100%, even under stable conditions. The lowest flux contributions were found in sectors with low data density, e.g., 90.4% in the 360° sector under stable conditions during the ASM season. Lastly, a surface energy water balance(SEWAB) model was used to gap-fill any absent or corrected turbulence data. The potential simulation error was also explored in this study. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficients(NSEs) of the observed fluxes with the SEWAB model runs were 0.78 for sensible heat flux and 0.63 for latent heat flux during the ASM season, but unrealistic values of-0.9 for latent heat flux during the post-monsoon period.     

Impact of Irrigation Methods on Soil Salt Content and Their Differences in Whole Cotton Growing Season in Arid Area of Northwest China

Research for changes of soil water and salt is an important content of land sciences and agriculture sciences in arid and semi arid regions. In this paper, sampling in actual agricultural fields, laboratory analysis of soil samples and statistical analysis methods are used to quantitatively analyze soil salinity changes under different irrigation methods throughout the cotton growing season in Shihezi reclamation area. The results show that irrigation methods play an important role in soil salt content in the surface soil (0-20 cm) and sub-deep soil (40-60 cm), followed by deep soil layer (60-100 cm) and root soil layer (20-40 cm). Furrow irrigation yields the maximum soil salt content in deep layer (60-100 cm) or sub-deep layer (40-60 cm) and the maximum salinity occurs in the first half of the cotton growing season (June or earlier). In contrast, drip irrigation yields the maximum soil salinity in the root layer (20-40 cm) or sub-deep (40-60 cm), and this usually appears in the second half growing season (July or after). The ratio of chloride ion to sulfate ion (Cl^-/SO₄^2-) and its change in the soil are on the rise under furrow irrigation, while the value first increased and then decreased with a peak point in June under drip irrigation. This suggests that furrow irrigation may shift the type of soil salinization to chloride ion type moreso than drip irrigation. Potassium and sodium ion contents of the soil show that soil sodium+potassium content will drop after the first rise under furrow irrigation and the value is manifested by fluctuations under drip irrigation. Potassium+sodium content change is relatively more stable in the whole cotton growth period under irrigation methods. The maximum of sodium and potassium content of the soil usually occur in deep soil layer (60-100 cm) or sub-deep soil layer (40-60 cm) in most sample points under furrow irrigation while it is inconsistent in different sample points under drip irrigation. A nonparametric test for paired samples is used to analyze differences of soil salt content under different irrigation methods. This analysis shows that the impact of irrigation on soil salinity is most significant in July, followed by August, June, May, and April in most sample points. The most significant impact of irrigation methods occurs in the surface soil layer (0-20 cm), followed by deep layer (60-100 cm), root layer (20-40 cm) and sub-deep (40-60 cm). These conclusions will be benefitial for mitigation of soil salinization, irrigation and fertilization and sustainable land use.     

风蚀影响因子的敏感性试验

 对风蚀模式的各重要影响因子进行了敏感性试验，结果表明：①随风力的增大，跃动沙粒的粒径范围迅速增大，从而会使更多、更大的尘粒因受到更强烈的撞击作用而释放于空中。但随土壤水分和植被覆盖度的增加，跃动沙粒粒径范围会变窄，较大的粒子很难被激发到空中。②各种土壤沙流通量及尘粒释放率随粒径的变化趋势Q(d)和F(d)与相应的地表土壤有效粒度分布Ps(d)具有相似的特征，说明前人用近地层沙尘粒度分布来代表地表土壤的有效粒度分布是合理的。③若以总沙流通量Q>0.5 g·m^-1·s^-1为风蚀过程开始发生的标准，在干燥、裸露的情况下，沙土、沙壤土、壤土、黏土和粉黏土表面发生风蚀的临界摩擦速度都约为0.3 m·s^-1。相同风力条件下（u*=0.6 m·s^-1），若地表干燥（w=0）并忽略小于0.1 g·m^-1·s^-1的总沙流通量，则抑制5种土壤发生风蚀的最小植被覆盖度分别约为：沙土0.35、沙壤土0.45、壤土0.45、黏土0.55、粉黏土0.55；若地表裸露，抑制风蚀发生的最小水分含量分别为：沙土0.15、沙壤土0.18、壤土0.3、黏土0.36和粉黏土0.33。④通常情况下沙土最不易起尘，它在各个粒径的尘粒释放率比其他土壤均约小3~5个量级。粉黏土最易起尘，且粒径较小，较容易传输到下游很远处。⑤总尘粒释放率F和总沙流通量Q随风力、地表条件的变化一般是同相的，即Q增大，F也会增大。⑥一般情况下F随摩擦速度u*的增大或植被覆盖度cf和土壤水分w的减小而增大；土壤拖曳系数sx和弹性压力垂直分量pye的增加会大大降低尘粒释放率。⑦通常风蚀情况下，5种土壤中粉黏土和沙壤土因聚合粒子破碎产生的尘粒释放率Fc最大，Fc随风力、地表条件变化的敏感度也最强；沙土的Fc最小，其对风力、地表条件的敏感度也最弱。     

祁连L山主要植被下土壤水的时空动态变化特征

通过对祁连山青海云杉林、祁连圆柏林、亚高山灌丛林、牧坡草地等4种主要植被类型的土壤水测量数据进行分析表明，土壤水的空间垂直动态表现为随深度的增加而减少，可划分为土壤水分易变层、利用层、调节层三个层次；土壤水的时间动态可划分为土壤失水期、聚水期、退水期、稳水期四个时期。土壤水总的特征是，不同植被地类的土壤水季节变化规律基本一致，主要受降水量及其分配的影响。     

吉林省春季土壤水分分布特征及影响因素分析

利用2003~2010年吉林省春季土壤含水率数据及相关数据,采用常规统计方法、地统计学方法和基于地理信息系统的空间分析方法,讨论吉林省春季土壤水分分布特征,并对其影响因素进行初步分析。结果表明,吉林省春季0~30 cm土壤平均含水率总体上呈由西向东逐渐增加的趋势,空间差异性显著,其中10 cm深度土壤含水率空间差异最大;土壤层之间的距离越近,土壤含水率的相关性越好,东部10 cm深度与其他层次土壤含水率的相关性好于中西部,中部相比东部和西部而言,各层次之间土壤含水率相关性最差。研究还发现,田间持水量和降水量是影响吉林省土壤含水率分布的主要因素,受土壤、气候等自然要素的空间异质性影响,田间持水量对中部和东部的土壤含水率影响更大,而降水对中部和西部的土壤含水率影响更大。