Terminal Ediacaran anoxia in deep-ocean: Trace element evidence from cherts of the Liuchapo Formation,South China

Here we report a detailed trace element study of the cherts from Liuchapo Formation, which is a terminal Ediacaran (551-542 Ma) succession in South China deposited in deep-water basinal setting. The REE of Liuchapo cherts shows similar features as observed for anoxic modern seawater (but not for hydrothermal fluids), characterized by positive La anomaly (La_N/Ce_N = 0.83–1.91, average 1.37), moderately negative Ce anomaly (0.53–1.1, average 0.73), positive Gd anomaly (average 1.08), positive Y anomaly (average 1.21), and depleted LREE and MREE. In addition, the Liuchapo cherts have low ΣREE (3.36–56.13 ppm, average 20.6 ppm), low Al₂O₃, Ti, Th and Zr concentrations, and high Y/Ho ratios (up to 43.9). The redox-sensitive trace elements concentrations in the cherts do not correlate with detrital input proxies. All of these features suggest that the redox-sensitive trace elements in the cherts were authigenically concentrated in water column and their concentrations thus are excellent indicators of ancient redox conditions. Very low Th/U ratios, high V/(V+Ni) and Fe_⊤/Al ratios, enrichments of redox-sensitive trace elements (U, V, Mo), and low concentration of Mn in the cherts imply anoxia in the deep seawater. Our data reveal that the terminal Ediacaran ocean was not completely oxidized and the deep ocean was still anoxic, at least in South China. We propose that although the oxidative events existed in the terminal Ediacaran oceans, decomposition of organic matter prolonged anoxia in the deep ocean. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 40532012, 40873007, 40603021) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX3-SW-141)     

粤北下庄矿田小水铀矿床地球化学特征分析

粤北小水矿床是下庄矿田典型的交点型铀矿床。通过对矿床内发育的花岗岩、辉绿岩及铀矿石采样分析．发现小水矿床矿石具有轻稀土富集的稀土元素特征和富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th的微量元素特征。与辉绿岩的相应特征十分吻合,与花岗岩的相应特征差异很大,推测其成矿物质来源于深部地幔流体（富含U、F、CO2）,且交点型矿石的形成很有可能伴有幔源成矿流体对与花岗岩有关的早期红化矿石的叠加改造作用。     

青藏高原东部兴措湖生物壳体元素及同位素记录的气候环境信息

通过对青藏高原东部若尔盖盆地兴措湖50年来Gyraulus sibirica壳体元素及同位素分析,并与器测气象资料的比较,建立了兴措湖记录与对应的降水和气温间的函数关系,探讨了湖泊记录所指示的气候环境意义,结果表明：青藏高原东部兴措湖地区腹足类生物在夏半年形成壳体,它所记录的是夏半年而不是全年的气候环境信息,Gyraulus Sibria壳体Mg/Ca比及δ^18O指标与夏半年气温有一定的相关性,其中壳体δ^18O指标对气温变化更敏感,δ^18O与夏半年气温滑动平均间的变率为1．64‰／℃,均值比为0．28‰/℃,Sr/Ca比,δ^13C指标与夏半年的降水量关系较密切,尤其是Sr/Ca比随降水量波动呈显著相关变化,Sr/Ca变化与降水间的平均变率（d(Sr/Ca)/dP)为－0．045/mm。     

Geochemistry of carbonatites in Maoniuping REE deposit,Sichuan province,China

Carbonatites are rarely igneous rocks distributed on the earth. The rocks usually form ring complexes with alkalic rocks, occurring in the environments of continental rift, collisional oro-genic zone and oceanic island[1, 2]. Numerous facts and experiment…     

Origin of the Tonaru body in the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt,SW Japan

Zircon U–Pb dating of the Tonaru metagabbro body in the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt, southwest Japan, suggests that igneous events at ca 200–180 Ma were involved in the protolith formation. The trace element compositions of the Tonaru zircons are enriched in U (a fluid‐mobile element) and Sc (an amphibole‐buffered element), and depleted in Nb (a fluid‐immobile element), suggesting that the parental magmas related to the Tonaru metagabbros formed in an arc setting. Integration of our results with previous studies of the metasedimentary rocks in the Tonaru body clearly indicates that the protoliths of the Tonaru body were produced by oceanic‐arc magmatism. With the previous geochronological and geological studies, the tectono‐magmatic–metamorphic history of the Tonaru and other mafic bodies in the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt may be summarized as follows: (i) the protolith formation by the oceanic‐arc magmatic event had occurred at 200–180 Ma; (ii) the protoliths were accreted in the trench at ca 130–120 Ma; and (iii) they were completely subducted into the depth of the eclogite‐facies condition after 120 Ma.     

Re-Os isotope dating of molybdenites in the Huang-shaping Pb-Zn-W-Mo polymetallic deposit, Hunan Province, South China and its geological significance

The large-scale Huangshaping Pb-Zn-W-Mo polymetallic deposit is located in the central Nanling min- eralization zone, South China. Six molybdenite samples from the Huangshaping deposit were selected for Re-Os isotope measurement in order to define the mineralization age of the deposit. It yields a Re-Os isochron age of 154.8±1.9 Ma (2σ ), which is in accordance with the Re-Os model ages of 150.9― 156.9 Ma. This age is about 7 Ma younger than their host granite porphyry, which was dated as 161.6±1.1 Ma by zircon U-Pb method using LA-ICPMS. All these ages demonstrate that the Huang- shaping granite and related Pb-Zn-W-Mo deposit occurred in the middle Yanshanian period, when many other granitoid and related ore deposits emplaced and formed, e.g. the Qitianling granite and Furong tin deposit, the Qianlishan granite and giant Shizhuyuan W-Sn-Mo-Bi deposit and Jinchuantang Sn-Bi deposit in the nearby area. They constitute the main part of the magmatic-metallogenic belt of southern Hunan, and represent the large-scale metallogeny in middle Yanshanian in the area. The lower rhenium content in molybdenite of Huangshaping deposit suggests that the ore-forming material was mainly of crust origin.     

新冠疫情防控前后湖北恩施地震台背景噪声变化分析

利用2018年1月至2020年3月恩施地震台站观测的垂直分量连续波形数据,通过计算噪声功率谱密度和概率密度函数,统计其不同频段功率谱密度分布情况,对比分析疫情前后恩施地区噪声水平变化特征.同时,将2018年、2019年和2020年垂直向地震噪声的加速度幅值进行对比,发现春节前几日的加速度幅值变化曲线高度一致,表明这三年...     

Lead isotopic exploration intersecting mineralization zones for the depth forecast of concealed deposits--A case from Longbohe Cu deposit, Jinping, Yunnan Province, China

Pb isotopic geochemical exploration intersecting mineralization zones have been well developed in the light of the eigenvalues V1 and V2 of three-dimensional topological projection of Pb isotopic data. The newly developed theoretical model forecasting concealed deposits has been verified in the evaluation of Longbohe copper deposit in Jinping, Yunnan Province, which is consistent with the observed law of depth variation for Pb isotopes. The forecasting results show that the depth of buried major orebody should occur at about -50 to -400 m and deeper within the eastern and western mineralization belts of Longbohe copper deposit.     

Hydrochemical appraisal of ice‐ and rock‐glacier meltwater in the hyperarid Agua Negra drainage basin,Andes of Argentina

The Agua Negra drainage system (30 12′S, 69 50′ W), in the Argentine Andes holds several ice‐ and rock‐glaciers, which are distributed from 4200 up to 6300 m a.s.l. The geochemical study of meltwaters reveals that ice‐glaciers deliver a HCO₃^?? Ca²⁺ solution and rock‐glaciers a SO₄^2?? HCO₃^?? Ca²⁺ solution. The site is presumably strongly influenced by sublimation and dry deposition. The main processes supplying solutes to meltwater are sulphide oxidation (i.e. abundant hydrothermal manifestations), and hydrolysis and dissolution of carbonates and silicates. Marine aerosols are the main source of NaCl. The fine‐grained products of glacial comminution play a significant role in the control of dissolved minor and trace elements: transition metals (e.g. Mn, Zr, Cu, and Co) appear to be selectively removed from solution, whereas some LIL (large ion lithophile) elements, such as Sr, Cs, and major cations, are more concentrated in the lowermost reach. Daily concentration variation of dissolved rare earth elements (REE) tends to increase with discharge. Through PHREEQC inverse modelling, it is shown that gypsum dissolution (i.e. sulphide oxidation) is the most important geochemical mechanism delivering solutes to the Agua Negra drainage system, particularly in rock‐glaciers. At the lowermost reach, the chemical signature appears to change depending on the relative significance of different meltwater sources: silicate weathering seems to be more important when meltwater has a longer residence time, and calcite and gypsum dissolution is more conspicuous in recently melted waters. A comparison with a non‐glacierized semiarid drainage of comparable size shows that the glacierized basin has a higher specific denudation, but it is mostly accounted for by relatively soluble phases (i.e. gypsum and calcite). Meltwater chemistry in glacierized arid areas appears strongly influenced by sublimation/evaporation, in contrast with its humid counterparts. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Compositional characteristics and geodynamic significance of late Miocene volcanic rocks associated with the Chah Zard epithermal gold–silver deposit,southwest Yazd,Iran

Whole‐rock geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic data are presented for late Miocene volcanic rocks associated with the Chah Zard epithermal Au–Ag deposit in the Urumieh‐Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA), Iran, to investigate the magma source, petrogenesis and the geodynamic evolution of the study area. The Chah Zard andesitic to rhyolitic volcanic rocks are characterized by significant Large Ion Lithophile Element (LILE) and Light Rare Earth Element (LREE) enrichment coupled with High Field Strength Element (HFSE) depletion. Our geochemical data indicate an adakitic‐like signature for the volcanic rocks (e.g. SiO₂ > 62 wt%, Al₂O₃ > 15 wt%, MgO < 1.5 wt%, Sr/Y > 70, La/Yb > 35, Yb < 1 ppm, and Y < 18 ppm, and no significant Eu anomalies), distinguishing them from the other volcanic rocks of the UDMA. The Chah Zard volcanic rocks have similar Sr and Nd isotopic compositions; the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr(i) ratios range from 0.704 902 to 0.705 093 and the ε_Nd(i) values are from +2.33 to +2.70. However, the rhyolite porphyry represents the final stage of magmatism in the area and has a relatively high ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio (0.705 811). Our data suggest that the andesitic magmas are from a heterogeneous source and likely to result from partial melting of a metasomatized mantle wedge associated with a mixture of subducted oceanic crust and sediment. These melts subsequently underwent fractional crystallization along with minor amounts of crustal assimilation. Our study is consistent with the model that the volcanic host rocks to epithermal gold mineralization in the UDMA are genetically related to late Miocene Neo‐Tethyan slab break‐off beneath Central Iran.     

吉林省龙岗火山岩区早更新世粗面玄武岩地球化学特征及构造意义

中国是全球晚新生代火山发育国家之一,也是西环太平洋活动大陆边缘火山活动带重要组成部分.在我国东北地区发育着数座晚新生代喷发过的活火山(如五大连池老黑山、火烧山火山、金龙顶子火山等)或具备喷发能力的休眠火山(如云南腾冲火山、长白山天池火山等)( Hickey,1982;Davies et al,1992;刘若新,1992...     

In situ zircon Hf isotopic, U-Pb age and trace element study of monzonite xenoliths from Pingquan and Fuxin basalts:Tracking the thermal events of 169 Ma and 107 Ma in Yanliao area

K-Ar ages of the Mesozoic (92-100 Ma) Fuxin alkalic basalts (western Liaoning Province) and the Tertiary (23-45 Ma) Pingquan alkalic basalts (eastern Hebei Province), and the results of in situ zircon U-Pb dating, Hf isotope and the trace elements from three monzonite xenoliths carried in the alkalic basalts are reported. The crust-mantle interaction occurring in the Yanshan intracontinental orogenic belt is also discussed. Fuxin zircons show highly uniform U-Pb age ((169±3) Ma). More than 95% Pingquan zircons display the age of (107±10) Ma except two are 2491 Ma and 513 Ma respectively. Zircons with the ages of (169±3) Ma have εHf close to zero. εHf of the zircons with the ages of (107±10) Ma are mainly at -11.5--16.3, showing the crustal derivation. Fuxin zircons contain low Nb, Ta, Sr, Th, U contents, low and narrow Hf model ages (0.87-1.00 Ga), which reflect that the source materials of the monzonite xenoliths are young to Pingquan (focus at (1.28±0.08) Ga). High contents of the incompatible elements, and wide range of Hf model ages (0.89-2.56 Ga) in Pingquan zircons suggest a more complex source and the highly crustal maturity in their petrogenesis. Comprehensive information including the published data indicates that J3-K1 is the key period of the deep processes and shallow tectonic reverse in the Yanliao area. However, the processes were highly heterogeneous in spatial and in temporal.     

阜新松木皋铁矿地质特征

依据在松木皋铁矿区的野外地质工作,对获得的各类地质、地球物理信息的综合分析与研究,总结其地质矿产特征,论述铁矿与地层、构造、岩浆岩及变质作用问的相互关系,并进一步探讨找矿方向。     

湖北长湖富营养化状况及时空变化(2012-2013年)

为评估长湖水体富营养化程度,2012-2013年分4个季度对全湖区20个采样点的物理、化学和生物要素进行监测,在评价水质现状的基础上采用综合营养状况指数法和浮游植物细胞丰度指数法综合评价水体营养状况,并应用典型相关分析(CCA)方法揭示水体富营养化状况与湖泊理化要素之间的典型相关性.结果显示:4个季节长湖全湖区的水质均处于地表水IV类~劣V类水标准;综合营养状态指数值在49.54~82.55之间,浮游植物细胞丰度在2.88×106~61.73×106cells/L之间,均显示其处于富营养化状态;长湖富营养化状况的分布呈现一定的时空差异性;CCA分析显示,长湖理化要素变量可解释68.6%的水体富营养化状况变量的变异,影响其富营养化状况的主要理化因素有水体总磷、总氮、溶解氧、亚硝态氮、硝态氮浓度,水深和沉积物总磷、总氮含量.长湖水体富营养化主要是由于外源的磷污染,其次是氮污染,富营养化最严重的夏、秋季浮游植物的生长主要受氮营养限制,而冬、春季则部分受磷营养限制,部分属于过渡类型.因此,建议大力削减围网/围栏养殖量,同时考虑结合水生植物栽种等生态工程建设措施以降低长湖水体发生严重富营养化的风险,并进一步改善长湖的水质现状.     

湖北长湖水生植物多样性及群落演替

在2011年的调查基础上,结合已有资料,研究长湖水生植物多样性、群落特征、水生植被分布现状及水生植物多样性的动态变化和群落演替规律,探讨驱动水生植物群落演替的主导因素.结果显示长湖现有水生植物95种,水生植物优势群落12个.与1985年相比,长湖水生植物无论是在优势种还是优势群落上均发生了巨大变化,从原来以沉水植物为主的优势群落逐步演替为以挺水植物+漂浮浮叶植物为优势的水生植物群落.同时水生植被分布面积急剧缩小,生物量显著下降,2011年全湖水生植被覆盖率仅为4.2%,单位面积平均生物量只有2001年的10%,全湖生物总量相比于2006年下降了88.5%.分析表明,大规模围网养殖等人为干扰活动及水体富营养化是致使长湖水生植物多样性显著下降和群落发生逆向演替的主要原因.     

河南范疙瘩金矿床矿体定位的构造控制

范疙瘩金矿位于熊耳山断隆的东南部,马超营断裂带的北侧,金矿体产于北西向M14断裂带内。本文通过研究断裂构造的方向、规模、分布特征,分析断裂活动历史及矿体产出特征,总结成矿规律。金矿体严格受M14断裂控制,离断裂越远金矿化越弱,M14断裂带倾向上引张部位及断裂分支复合部位是金元素的富集地段,是成矿有利部位。     

河南嵩县安沟钼矿地质特征

河南嵩县安沟钼矿区构造、岩浆活动强烈,具有良好的成矿地质条件。以构造控矿为主,石英-方解石脉是钼矿的主要矿石类型,属石英-方解石脉型钼矿。本文介绍了安沟钼矿床地质特征,总结了钼矿找矿标志。     

湖北牛山湖小型鱼类的群落结构及多样性

流域数据模型是流域特征的语义、行为和规则的表达,是进行集成流域模拟和管理的空间数据组织的重要内容．本文以长江三角洲太湖流域上游的西苕溪流域为例,将汇流单元分为自然流域、“大包围”、圩区三种形式,分别建立了各自内部的河湖网络关系,即山区由自然流域单元,内包含水库(或湖泊)、河流、水工点的树状河湖网络关系;平原区由人工汇流单元,内包含大包围、圩区、湖泊、湿地、河道、水工点的网状河湖网络关系,为建立适合我国的流域数据模型做了有益的探索．     

湖北浮桥河水库浮游植物初级生产力及其管理

浮桥河水库浮游植物水柱日生产量变幅为0.34-4.99 g/(m2·d),最低值出现在下游冬季,最高值出现在中游秋季,年平均值2.75 g/(m2·d)季节变化:秋季＞夏季＞春季＞冬季,与浮游植物叶绿素a含量和生物量的季节变化一致;水平分布:中游略高于上游,下游最低,与浮游植物叶绿素a含量的水平分布完全一致表层日生产量占水柱日生产量53.81%.与1980年同期相比,浮游植物初级生产力增加了1.2倍.分析表明,磷含量增加是浮游植物初级生产力提高的关键因子.应用能量收支法估算浮桥河水库鲢鳙渔产潜力为772t,516.0 kh/hm2.从渔业管理和水质管理角度讨论了合理利用浮游植物初级生产力的措施.     

湖北道观河水库大型底栖动物的群落结构及物种多样性

1999年对湖北道观河水库大型底栖动物进行6次采样,共检出大型底栖动物17种,隶属4门16属.其中软体动物3种,环节动物5种,节肢动物8种,线形动物1种.密度和生物量分别为142ind/m2和0.99g/m2.优势种类为大红德永摇蚊和霍甫水丝蚓.密度季节变化顺序为春季>冬季>秋季>夏季;生物量季节变化为春季>冬季>夏季>秋季.密度和生物量的水平分布为上游>库湾>中游>下游.生物量与水深呈负相关关系;与水温、底泥TN、TP无显著相关关系.应用Goodnight-Whitley生物指数等对水质进行评价,结果显示该水库受到中等污染.提出在深水水库中不宜用Shannon-Wiener指数和Margalef指数等多样性指数评价水质.