河北东北部兴隆煤田区逆冲构造的特征及其区域构造意义

兴隆煤田及邻区的逆冲构造系基底卷入变形的厚皮逆冲构造,并具有典型的断坪-断坡式几何学结构。断层上盘逆冲方向指向NNW,沿着主干逆冲断层发生的倾向位移量约为13.1km,逆冲断层及相关褶皱变形所造成的局部表层地壳缩短率约32．3％。对兴隆逆冲构造的几何学结构、运动学性质及其地层效应的分析表明,在中家胡同到黄土粱近东西向一线以南的区域．寻找到因逆冲断层作用导致的隐伏煤田的可能性是极小的。主干逆冲断层上、下盘地层大面积陡立乃至倒转的特征,更容易用断展褶皱,尤其是三角形剪切断展褶皱模型做出合理解释。该逆冲构造主要逆冲断层的上、下盘盖层岩系不整合于基底结晶变质岩系之上,地层序列发育完整而且可以一一对应,不存在沿着相对软弱层发育的大规模逆冲断层之断坪,因此,将该逆冲构造作为区域上承德逆冲构造的根带是不合适的。     

华北地台北缘及北邻地区铜、铅、锌、锡矿床流体包裹体研究

在对华北地台北缘及北邻地区 5 2个铜、铅、锌、锡矿床流体包裹体研究的基础上 ,概括总结出岩控型、层控型和混控型三大类型及多个亚类型矿床的主要成矿物理化学条件 ,建立了各类型矿床矿物流体包裹体成矿模式 ,并用以找矿。     

Spatial analysis of land use and shallow groundwater vulnerability in the watershed adjacent to Assateague Island National Seashore,Maryland and Virginia,USA

Spatial relations between land use and groundwater quality in the watershed adjacent to Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland and Virginia, USA were analyzed by the use of two spatial models. One model used a logit analysis and the other was based on geostatistics. The models were developed and compared on the basis of existing concentrations of nitrate as nitrogen in samples from 529 domestic wells. The models were applied to produce spatial probability maps that show areas in the watershed where concentrations of nitrate in groundwater are likely to exceed a predetermined management threshold value. Maps of the watershed generated by logistic regression and probability kriging analysis showing where the probability of nitrate concentrations would exceed 3 mg/L (>0.50) compared favorably. Logistic regression was less dependent on the spatial distribution of sampled wells, and identified an additional high probability area within the watershed that was missed by probability kriging. The spatial probability maps could be used to determine the natural or anthropogenic factors that best explain the occurrence and distribution of elevated concentrations of nitrate (or other constituents) in shallow groundwater. This information can be used by local land-use planners, ecologists, and managers to protect water supplies and identify land-use planning solutions and monitoring programs in vulnerable areas.     

Push moraines in the upper valley of Santa Cruz river,southwest Argentina. Structural analysis and relationship with Late Pleistocene paleoclimate

The upper cliff of the Santa Cruz River was used to assess the proglacial environments of the Argentino Glacier outlet of Late Pleistocene age. These cliffs show glaciolacustrine, fluvioglacial and till deposits, where only the first one are deformed. Glacial landforms in the area and these structures suggest that the ice mass advanced, topographically controlled, towards the east from the Patagonian Ice Sheet pushing up the proglacial sediments.The spatial arrangement of thrusts and overturned folds, the drumlins-flutes moraine directions and the end moraines shape, allow inferring the dynamic and the Argentino glacier profile. Detailed analyses of the glaciotectonic structures indicate that these have two origins: load in the north with stress transfer to the southeast, and push from the west. Through the analysis of deformed sediments, their thickness and their sedimentary and structural features, three zones of deformations were recognized. Each of these zones was associated to glacial advances because of changes of the regional climate conditions.     

塔里木盆地东北缘吐格尔明背斜和阳北断裂带构造分析

吐格尔明背斜和阳北断裂位于塔里木盆地北缘,南天山山前库车褶皱冲断带的东段,两者均为基底卷入型构造。阳北断裂是一个反转构造,其变形历史可以追溯到侏罗纪—白垩纪的正断层;新生代构造反转,发生了多期冲断变形加速期,分别发生于白垩纪末—古近纪初、古近纪末—新近纪初、中新世早期、上新世和第四纪。吐格尔明背斜构造带是阳北断裂中新世早期及以后的冲断作用派生出来的一个次级基底卷入型构造变形带。它由吐格尔明背斜及其南、北两条呈背冲关系的逆冲断层组成。背斜核部元古宇变质岩出露地表;中、新生界直接不整合于变质岩之上,缺失全部古生界,说明研究区可能属于一个长期存在的古生代古隆起。

     

滇东北矿集区小河铅锌矿床构造解析及其控矿模式

小河铅锌矿是滇东北铅锌矿集区内少数几个由北西向主断裂控制的典型铅锌矿床之一,矿化蚀变的空间展布严格受构造控制。为查明其区内构造对矿化蚀变的控制作用特征,通过不同中段大比例尺构造-蚀变岩相学填图,对不同方向构造进行筛分,并对不同中段不同矿(化)体特征和蚀变特征开展了系统的剖析,结果表明：小河铅锌矿床矿化蚀变的岩石组成、类型及结构等相对简单,围岩蚀变以热液白云石化、方解石化、硅化和黄铁矿化为主;矿化主要为闪锌矿化、方铅矿化;该区构造组合形迹反映矿区内存在6期构造体系,分别为加里东期-海西期、印支早-中期、印支晚期-燕山早期、燕山中期、燕山晚期和喜马拉雅期;印支晚期-燕山早期成矿流体沿区内北西向张性-张扭性构造发生大规模运移,在断裂上盘及与之配套的次级断裂、构造破碎带、节理裂隙等构造有利部位成矿,并依次形成以断裂为中心且平面上呈带状展布的矿化蚀变分带：矿化边缘带(Ⅰ)→矿化过渡带(Ⅱ)→矿化中心带(Ⅲ)。最终建立了小河铅锌矿床构造控矿模式。研究成果对同类矿床及川滇黔接壤区的找矿预测具有重要指导意义。