一类非线性微分方程的非平凡解

本文讨论了一类非线性二阶常微分方程 (um+ 1(x) )″+(x- 1) p(x) u′(x) =0 ;x∈ (0 ,1],m>0 ,非平凡解的存在问题 ,用非线性算子方法证明了非平凡解的存在性以及惟一性。从而使W.OKRASINSKI发表于《数学分析与应用》的论文“一类非线性常微分方程的非平凡解”中的部分结果成为本文的 1个推论。     

论NLA模式的静力初始化

近来,不仅由于NLA(数值有限区域)模式的正规波初始化仍是一个未解决的问题,而且由于非线性正规波初始化收敛性问题和平衡方程解的不存在问题之间已有的关系,静力初始化已经引起了许多科学家的注意。这篇论文给出了NLA原始方程模式(6层,水平分辨率150公里,55×48个网格点)静力初始化的一些结果。作了预报地区上空非椭园面积的初始化试验,这一试验考虑了减小的网格宽度和由模式预报的移动的天气尺度. 在气压坐标系中,非线性平衡方程为: 同时ψ(x,y)=g(x,y) (x,y)∈D(2)式中D为矩形面积,g(x,y)由边界D函数确定,剩下的符号是众所周知的。     

一阶非线性泛函方程解的振动性(英文)

考虑两类带有分布型超前或滞后量的方程 (Ⅰ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)+φ, (Ⅱ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)-φ.其中β(t)>a(t),t+a(t)→∞(t→∞),f(x)和φ(u)是满足某些条件的非线性函数。 本文给出了方程(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)的所有解振动的若干充分性判定定理。作为应用,我们又讨论了如下方程的振动性,并给出了相应的判定准则。 (Ⅲ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)+φ[sum from i=1 to n a_i(t)f(x(t+τ_i(t)))], (Ⅳ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)-φ[sum from i=1 to n a_i(t)f(x(t+τ_i(t)))] 本文的结果是张炳根的若干结果的推广。     

一类二阶非自治系统解的有界性及渐近性

研究二阶非自治微分系统.x=P(Q(y)-F(x)),y.=-g(x) e(t)解的有界性及渐近性态,通过构造辅助函数的方法获得了该系统每个解有界及收敛于原点的充要条件,所得结果推广与包含了潘志刚,杨启贵,周进等的相应结果。     

二阶微分方程解的渐近性的讨论

考虑如下的二阶方程 其中X(t,x,)是定义在域H:{0≤t< ∞,-∞0,n>0,f(t)为连续函数,f(t)≠0下讨论了方程(X)的不同类型解的渐近性态,给出了各种渐近解存在的充分必要条件。     

黄、渤海水温垂直结构数值预报方法的研究 Ⅱ.二维数值预报模式

文中根据黄、渤海区水温资料建立了无维深度η和无线温度θ_T以及相应的水温垂直剖面的相似函数θ_T=f(η).在此基础上,设:上均匀层厚度h=h(x,y,t)、表层水温T_s=T_s(x,y,t)、上均匀层以下的温度T_z=T_s(x,y,z,t)、底层温度T_H=T_H(x,y,t)、流速分量u=u(x,y,t)、v=v(x,y,t)和海面起伏ζ=ζ(x,y,t),提出了水温垂直结构的二维数值预报模式,模式的求解是用“ADI”和“HN”法进行.文中引列了预报时效为4天的试报结果,效果是令人满意的.     

Duffing方程的遥远概周期解

本文通过指数二分性和上下解方法,在比较自然的条件下,证明了二阶非线性常微分方程u″+cu′+g(u)=p(t)的遥远概周期解的存在性,其中g∈C¹(R),而p是遥远概周期函数。     

P(x)-Laplace方程正径向解的唯一性定理

本文给出了一类p(x)-Laplace方程的正径向解在单位球上的1个唯一性定理,文章中假定p(x)是径向的单调函数．并且非线性项满足某种单调性条件。     

一类非线性奇异边值问题解的存在性

证明一类非线性奇异边值问题解的存在性定理,改进了Ｄｕｎｎｉｎｇｅｒ和Ｋｕｒｔｚ的结果,构造具体的方程说明存在性定理中的条件不能去掉,这表明［４］中一结果不真。     

一个偶数阶时滞微分方程的振动准则

讨论了一类偶数阶时滞微分方程x~(n)(t)+p(t)f(x(g(t)))=0的振动性。通过转化到一个一阶时滞微分不等式,得到了该方程的一切解振动的一个新的充分性条件。作为n=2的情况,它包含了魏俊杰最近的结果。     

Microbial Biomass and Organic Nutrients in the Deep-Sea Sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin

In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance.     

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中桩周土强度弱化研究

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。     

Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification

An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm.     

Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans

A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level.     

Deep-Sea Sediment Compression Curves: Some Controlling Factors, Spurious Overconsolidation, Predictions, and Geophysical Reproduction

Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations.     

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS

<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,     

Estimation of Sediment Properties during Benthic Impact Experiments

Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges.