Study on the surface of hydrous titanium oxide adsorbent for extracting uranium from seawater-Ⅱ. The surface of HTO

This is second paper summarizing the study on the hydrous titanium oxide absorbent for extracting uranium fromseawater. The investigation is performed by means of X- ray photoelectronic energy spectroscopy for chemical analysis ( ESC A ) , determination of surface hydroxy radical, Fourier-transfer infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR ) , electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), inductively coupled Plasma torch (ICP), etc. The emphasis is laid upon the exploration of HTO surface and a discussion about the adsorption micromechanism.     

Geological structure and prospect of the oil and gas bearing of the Falkland Islands region

In the region of the Falkland Islands, resulting from the breaking up of Gondwana and the separation of the South American and African continents, a series of rift basins was formed, such as, the Austral (Magallanes), Falkland (Malvinas), South Falkland (Malvinas), East Falkland (Malvinas), North Falkland (Malvinas), and San Julian. The sedimentary cover of the basins is represented by Phanerozoic deposits 4–7 km thick. The principle productive series are the sandstones of the Springhill Formation (Jurassic-Late Cretaceous), as well as the Tertiary mainly turbidite deposits. There are numerous types of traps dome, stratigraphic, lithologic, tectonically screened, and other types. These basins, except for the North Falkland and San Julian, form a specific producing trend extending from the west to east, which is represented by sandstones of the Springhill Formation (Jurassic-Late Cretaceous), by the maturate source rock Inoceramus Formation, and by high-quality reservoirs and caprock. This trend contains all the prerequisites for highly productive stratum; therefore, the oil and gas bearing potential of these basins is significant and the exploration works will be successful.     

A numerical forecasting model of offshore-SST anomaly

INTRODUCTIONTheO-SSTAisdefinedas:theSSTanomalyinoffshoreisover2twiththehorizontalscopeofover1"longitudemultipliedbyl'latitudeandthetime-scalesofover10d.ItisanoutstandingoceanographicphenomenonoccurringagainandagainintheChinaseasinallseasons.TheaffectingfactorsoftheO-SSTAhavebeendiscussedindetail,whichincludebothoftheresponseofupperoceantothestrongatmosphericsystemsandtheshallow-watereffects(Wangetal.,1998).HoweverthereisnoexplorationhowadynamicpredictingmodelofO-SSTAisdeveloped.Th…     

南海曾母盆地新生代晚期构造沉降分析

曾母盆地是一个ＮＷ向走滑型沉积盆地，新生代晚期经历了强烈沉降（Ｅ３－Ｎ１１）、平缓沉降（Ｎ１２－Ｎ１３）、加速沉降（Ｎ２）和差异升降（Ｑ）四个时期，其构造演化主要取决于加里曼丹与南沙两地块间的相互作用所引起的ＮＷ向断裂的活动方式．     

Determination of the Angle of Shearing Resistance of Soils Using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline

This article adopts Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) for prediction of Angle of Shearing Resistance(?) of soil. MARS is an adaptive, non-parametric regression approach. Percentages of fine-grained (FG), coarse-grained (CG), liquid limit (LL), and bulk density (BD) have been used as input variables of MARS. The developed MARS gives an equation for prediction of ? of soil. The results of MARS have been compared with Genetic Expression Programming (GEP), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) models. These results demonstrate that the developed MARS can be used as a robust model for determination of ? of soil.     

The response of the upper ocean to tropical cyclone Viyaru over the Bay of Bengal

Better forecast of tropical cyclone(TC) can help to reduce risk and enhance management. The TC forecast depends on the scientific understanding of oceanic processes, air-sea interaction and finally, the atmospheric process. The TC Viyaru is taken as an example, which is formed at the end of 11 May 2013 and sustains up to 17 May 2013 during pre-monsoon season. Argo data are used to investigate ocean response processes by comparing pre-and post-conditions of the TC. Eight oceanic parameters including the sea surface temperature(SST), the sea surface salinity(SSS), and the barrier layer thickness(BLT), the 26°C isotherm depth in the ocean(D26), the isothermal layer depth(ILD), the mixed layer depth(MLD), the tropical cyclone heat potential(TCHP) and the effective oceanic layer for cyclogenesis(EOLC) are chosen to evaluate the pre-and post-conditions of the TC along the track of Viyaru. The values of the SST, D26, BLT, TCHP and EOLC in the pre-cyclonic condition are higher than the post-cyclonic condition, while the SSS, ILD and MLD in the post-cyclonic condition are higher than the pre-cyclonic condition of the ocean due to strong cyclonic winds and subsurface upwelling. It is interesting that the strong intensity of the TC reduces less SST and vice versa. The satisfied real time Argo data is not available in the northern Bay of Bengal especially in the coastal region. A weather research and forecasting model is employed to hindcast the track of Viyaru, and the satellite data from the National Center Environmental Prediction are used to assess the hindcast.     

哺乳动物类白蛋白家族的结构、功能与演化

哺乳动物类白蛋白家族成员包括白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、维生素D结合蛋白(vitamin D binding protein,DBP)、甲胎蛋白(alpha-fetoprotein,AFP)和alpha-白蛋白(afamin,AFM)以及甲胎蛋白相关蛋白(alpha-fetoprotein related pro...     

海洋环境因子对澳洲鲐亲体补充量关系的影响——基于贝叶斯模型平均法的研究

澳洲鲐（Scomber australasicus）是西北太平洋重要的中上层经济鱼类,生命周期相对较短,资源量受补充量影响明显,了解澳洲鲐太平洋群系补充量状况对掌握其资源量及确保其可持续利用具有重要的意义。本文利用产卵场1（30°~32°N,130°~132°E）海表面温度（sea surface temperature,SST1）、产卵场2（34°~35°N,138°~141°E）海表面温度（SST2）、索饵场（35°~45°N,140°~160°E）海表面温度（SST3）、潮位差（tidal range,TR）、太平洋年代际涛动（Pacific decadal oscillation,PDO）和亲体量（spawning stock biomass,SSB）6个影响因子任意组合与补充量构建多个模型,运用贝叶斯模型平均法（Bayesian model averaging,BMA）分析各个环境因子对资源补充量的解释能力,并预测其补充量的变化。结果表明,SSB对补充量具有最长期且稳定的解释能力,其次是SST3,PDO、TR、SST2、SST1也对补充量模型具有一定的解释能力。SST3是环境因子中影响最大的因子,可能是由于补充群体在索饵场内生活时间较长,索饵场温度对仔鱼或鱼卵的生长存活有较大的影响。研究认为,基于BMA的组合预报综合考虑了各个模型的优势,优于单一模型,可用于澳洲鲐资源补充量的预测。     

委内瑞拉产地龙须菜藻红蛋白基因的克隆及其系统学研究

本文报道了红藻 Gracilaria lemaneiformis委内瑞拉株的藻红蛋白基因的部分序列 ,将所得序列与其它红藻 - Rhodella violacea,Polysiphonia boldii,Griffithsia monolis,Porphyra tenera,Porphyra yezoensis及青岛产龙须菜的相应序列对齐后 ,进行了系统学研究。结果显示 ,同一属的藻红蛋白 α和 β亚基之间的间隔序列 ,从长度到核苷酸序列均非常相似 ,而同一科不同属或同一目的科间的该序列有很大的不同 ;两不同产地龙须菜的 PE基因在 β亚基上的转换多于颠换 ,说明 β亚基比 α亚基保守 ;委内瑞拉来源龙须菜与青岛产地龙须菜可能不属于同一物种 ,应为同属不同种关系 ;由藻红蛋白基因所得的系统树包括 3个与建立在形态标准上的遗传位置一致的分支 ;藻红蛋白基因序列可用于种间及更高地位的分子系统研究。     

辽宁沿海菲律宾蛤仔不同地理群体形态差异研究

利用多变量形态度量学方法,对辽宁沿海菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)长兴岛(CXD)、旅顺(LS)、营口(YK)、盘锦(PJ)、锦州(JZH)、海洋岛(HYD)、黑石礁(HSJ)以及金州(JZ)8个野生群体进行形态学比较分析。结果表明:主成分分析得到了3个主成分,贡献率分别为40.21%,19.98%和11.57%,累积贡献率为71.75%。聚类分析结果显示,旅顺群体和锦州群体形态最为接近,而与黑石礁群体差异较大。营口群体的趋异程度最大,长兴岛群体、金州群体和海洋岛群体的趋异程度居中。长兴岛群体壳型最扁,贝壳较厚且重;营口群体软体部最肥;金州群体壳型"凸"型最明显,且质量最大,而黑石礁群体贝壳最薄。这些明显特征揭示了不同群体的形态差异。研究结果为菲律宾蛤仔的地理群体识别、种质资源保护与恢复提供了重要依据。     

北海狮水下声信号类型分析

以水族馆内圈养的北海狮为研究对象,利用长达29 h的连续被动声学观测数据,对北海狮水下声信号类型进行了研究。共检测出22 689个水下声信号,对时长、最小频率、最大频率和峰值频率这4个声学参数采用聚类分析方法将信号分为10种类型:单脉冲(SP)、哨声(WS)、咕咕声(GG)、咚咚声(DS)、狗吠声(BK)、吼叫声(WY)、嗡嗡声(BZ)、撞击声(BG)、单频声(SF)以及咩咩声(BT)。该分类方式涵盖了北海狮92.6%的水下发声。北海狮水下声信号时长的均值为5~1 244 ms,峰值频率一般小于10 kHz。10种类型信号的占比各有不同,BK,BT和BG信号的比例较高;SP,WS和BZ信号的比例次之;DS,WY,SF和GG信号的比例较低。对北海狮水下声信号类型的分析能帮助了解北海狮的声行为特征,对野外北海狮的声学观测具有重要的指导价值。     

Abundance and biomass of meiobenthos in the spawning ground of anchovy (Engraulis japanicus) in the southern Huanghai Sea

1 Introduction Meiofauna is an important group in benthic small food web energetically due to their small size, high abundance and fast turnover rates. The production of meiofauna is equal to or higher than that of macrofau- na in estuaries, shallow waters and deep sea (Gerlach, 1971; Platt and Warwick, 1980; Heip et al., 1985; Zhang et al., 2004). A role of meiofauna may be the recycling of nutrients. Marine nematodes may keep the bacterial colonies on sand grains in active phase of growth …     

防波堤损坏特点与其成因的关系

利用日本《被灾防波堤集览》、葡萄牙锡尼斯防波堤、日本六小河原港防波堤、中国大连渔港、台湾基隆港等61件典型损坏案例及其它参考文献所涉及的140余件案例,讨论了防波堤损坏平面形态与断面部位的特征。根据防波堤损坏特点,从波浪水动力学特性、结构、地基和施工多方面分析了损坏原因与损坏特性之间的关系,从而深化对防波堤工作机理的认识。     

凡纳滨对虾净肉质量的影响因素分析

选择5月龄凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)1 200尾,测定净肉质量、去头质量、全长、体长、第一腹节背高、第三腹节背高、第一腹节背宽和头胸甲长共8个性状,采用相关分析和通径分析的方法,计算了以形态性状和去头质量为自变量对净肉质量作依变量的通径系数、决定系数及相关指数,定量地分析了形态性状和去头质量对净肉质量的影响效果。研究表明,凡纳滨对虾6个形态性状和去头质量与净肉质量的相关系数除头胸甲长外均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);所选性状与净肉质量的复相关指数R2=0.958;多元回归分析建立了去头质量、全长、头胸甲长对净肉质量的回归方程,为对虾的良种选育提供了理论依据。     

大型多元统计软件PRIMER的方法原理及其在底栖群落生态学中的应用

本文阐述大型多元统计分析软件 PRIMER的原理及其在底栖生态学中的应用。PRIMER是处理生态和环境多元数据的重要数值分析工具 ,本文从实用的角度对其中包括的技术方法和相应的子程序如 :等级聚类 (CLUSTER)、非度量多维标度 (MDS)、主分量分析 (PCA)、相似性分析检验(ANOSIM)、相似性百分比分析 (SIMPER)、生物 -环境连接的逐步分析和相关检验 (BIOENV/BVSTEP)等作了较为系统的介绍。     

浙江南部近海鱼类分类多样性研究

根据2015年11月至2016年8月浙江南部近海鱼类调查资料,采用纳尔逊分类系统整理鱼类物种组成,通过计算分类阶元包含指数(TINCL_i)、分类多样性指数(平均分类差异指数△+和分类差异变异指数∧+)分析浙南近海鱼类的分类多样性。调查结果共记录鱼类182种,分属18目78科130属。TINCL_i分析结果显示,浙南近海鱼类种类组成中,其目、科、属所包含的(科、属、种)、(属、种)和(种)的平均数目分别为(4.33、7.22、10.11)、(1.67、2.33)和(1.40)。浙江南部近海鱼类△+值和∧+值分别为62.9和77.0。浙江南部近海鱼类△+值小于高纬度的黄、渤海(66.4)和山东近海(66.1),大于低纬度的南沙群岛(56.6)、西沙群岛(60.2)和东沙群岛(55.2),呈现随着纬度降低鱼类△+值随之降低的规律。通过分析浙江南部近海鱼类的分类多样性,可以为浙江南部近海鱼类资源的可持续开发利用及保护提供重要的参考依据。     

Correction factors for quantitative analysis of anchovy eggs and larval stages from the southern waters of Korea

Correction factors based on the catch ratios of egg and larval densities in the southern waters of Korea were estimated for anchovyEngraulis japonica. This was undertaken in order to adjust ichthyoplankton data from different sampling methods, gear types and time. Samples were collected during ichthyoplankton surveys in Korean waters from 1983 to 1994. The ratios for egg densities obtained in vertical tows with a NORPAC net (ring Φ, 45 cm) compared to those obtained in oblique tows with a KOB net (ring Φ, 80 cm) were 0.86 (CV = 0.65), 1.22 (CV = 0.36), and 0.93 (CV = 0.42) for early, middle, and later developmental stages, respectively. The ratios for larval densities for vertical and oblique tows varied depending on size. For yolk-sac and small larvae (< 4 mm), the ratios were 3.08 (CV = 0.45) and 1.98 (CV = 1.34), while those of 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, and 8-10 mm larvae were 0.44 (CV = 1.31), 0.45 (CV = 1.70), and 0.56 (CV = 2.50), respectively. Ratios of day/night densities for larvae of 4-10 mm lengths were lower (0.01-0.06) in offshore catches than values obtained in coastal areas (0.44-0.46) and similar values (0.16-0.04) for vertical and oblique tows. Our results indicated that vertical towing is more efficient for sampling early life stages (from eggs to larvae less than 4 mm long), while oblique towing is more efficient for larvae longer than 4 mm due to depth preferences for each developmental stage (e.g., changes in egg buoyancy and vertical migration of larvae).     

中国沿海三疣梭子蟹的遗传结构和亲缘关系分析

应用CLUSTAL X 1.81对位排序软件和Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) Version 3.1系统发育相关分析软件包,分析了渤海、黄海和东海不同群体的三疣梭子蟹mtDNA D-loop片段序列,(不包括引物)D-loop序列(不包括引物)长约1 241 bp,该片段AT、GC平均含量分别为75.8%和24.2%,AT含量均明显高于GC含量,种群间的遗传距离平均为0.025.依据D-loop序列,应用邻接法(NJ)、最小进化法(ME)及最大简约法(MP),构建中国沿海三疣梭子蟹亲缘关系的系统发生树,MP、NJ和ME树中所显示的三疣梭子蟹亲缘关系基本一致.NJ和ME树中来自东海的XM1与DT5聚为姊妹群;来自渤海的PL1与来自东海的YT1聚为姊妹群;来自东海的DT3与来自黄海的DD1聚为姊妹群,再与来自渤海的PJ1相聚形成一个单系;来自东海的ZS1与来自黄海的QD1聚为姊妹群;来自东海的DT4与来自黄海的YC1相聚,再与来自东海的YT2,YT3相聚.在MP树中,来自黄海的YC1与来自东海的DT4相聚为姊妹群,再与YT2相聚;来自渤海的PL1与来自东海的YT1聚为姊妹群;来自东海的XM1与DT5聚为姊妹群;来自东海的DT3与来自黄海的DD1聚为姊妹群,再与来自渤海的PJ1相聚;来自东海的ZS1与来自黄海的QD1聚为姊妹群;这些群最后再与来自东海的YT3相聚.结果显示中国沿海各海区三疣梭子蟹种群间存在明显的基因交流,亲缘关系的远近并不以海区划分和地理位置的远近为依据.洄游和长期以来跨海区的捕捞作业可能是三疣梭子蟹种群间基因交流的根本原因;蓬勃发展的三疣梭子蟹人工养殖和放流也会导致亲蟹和苗种跨海区交流,对三疣梭子蟹种质资源的保护将产生巨大影响.     

印尼贯穿流源区马鲁古海和哈马黑拉海水团来源的气候态分析

本文利用World Ocean Atlas 2013（WOA2013）气候态的温盐资料和the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation （SODA v3.3.1）流场数据,分析印尼贯穿流东部源区马鲁古海和哈马黑拉海的水团垂向分布特征及其来源,特别是次表层、中层及深层水的来源和路径。结果表明,气候态下,马鲁古海次表层的高温高盐水来自于北太平洋,与北太平洋热带水性质接近,哈马黑拉海次表层主要是来自南太平洋热带水;中层水以低温低盐为特征,马鲁古海的中层水来自南太平洋,受南极中层水控制,哈马黑拉海的中层水可能是从马鲁古海而来的南太平洋水;对于次表层和中层之间的过渡层,马鲁古海与哈马黑拉海的水源为南、北太平洋的混合水,且两个海域之间也存在着水团交换;在深层,马鲁古海的水源更倾向于班达海北部及塞兰海,而与太平洋水无关,哈马黑拉海由于地形阻挡也难以与太平洋直接发生水团交换。     

国际海洋观测计划数据规范化存储与管理的述评

基于世界大洋环流实验（World Ocean Circulation Experiment,WOCE）、全球联合海洋通量研究（Joint Global Ocean Flux Study,JGOFS）、全球海洋船基水文调查计划（Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program,GO-SHIP）和痕量元素及同位素海洋生物地球化学循环国际研究（An International Study of the Marine Biogeochemical Cycles of Trace Elements and Isotopes,GEOTRACES）四个国际海洋观测计划的科研数据规范化存储与共享管理经验,分析多学科综合计划如何让获得的海量观测数据进行长期、有效的存储,具有可传承性,探讨了建立数据中心和数据仓储对于数据的规范化管理和推进数据共享的重要性。总结出一套数据管理方案：在项目启动时,建立项目/数据管理办公室,推行科研数据标准化管理。针对项目研究主题形成完整的实体参数目录,统一数据名称、单位、分类及内容,制定元数据模板等,数据管理办公室要能存储和共享数据,并确保数据安全,在项目成员内部就数据质量的保证措施、数据共享与引用等管理规定达成共识。